调控月季开花及衰老过程机制的研究进展
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摘要
月季在历史上不同国家都具有高度的象征意义和文化价值。月季被广泛用作园林观赏植物、切花,并用于香水的精油生产和化妆品行业。月季的开花和衰老的过程仍是园艺学未解决的问题,调节这些过程的机制也有待阐明。本研究从月季开花和衰老过程中的生理机制和遗传学机制方面展开了综述,探讨了影响月季开花和衰老过程的生理学和遗传学因素,重点分析了月季花衰老过程中激素、水分代谢、糖代谢、呼吸作用、抗氧化系统等生理过程的变化,并针对未来月季切花领域的育种方向提供一些思路。
Rose holds high symbolic value and great cultural importance in different countries throughout human history. They are widely used as garden ornamental plants, as cut flowers, and for the production of essential oils for perfume and cosmetic industry. Flowering and senescence of rose are still an unsolved problem in floriculture industry and the mechanism behind the onset of the very early events still remains to be elucidated. In this review, we comment on the physiological and molecular mechanism on flowering and senescence of roses, and discuss the physiological and genetic factors regulating rose flowering and senescence,and focus on the changes of hormones, water metabolism, sugar metabolism, respiration and antioxidant system along with rose flower senescing. In addition, we provide some ideas for future breeding of cut rose flowers.
Rose holds high symbolic value and great cultural importance in different countries throughout human history. They are widely used as garden ornamental plants, as cut flowers, and for the production of essential oils for perfume and cosmetic industry. Flowering and senescence of rose are still an unsolved problem in floriculture industry and the mechanism behind the onset of the very early events still remains to be elucidated. In this review, we comment on the physiological and molecular mechanism on flowering and senescence of roses, and discuss the physiological and genetic factors regulating rose flowering and senescence,and focus on the changes of hormones, water metabolism, sugar metabolism, respiration and antioxidant system along with rose flower senescing. In addition, we provide some ideas for future breeding of cut rose flowers.
引文
[1]邱少云,赵文进,许敏,等.月季育种技术研究进展[J].现代园艺,2012(9):7-8.
[2]陈俊愉.中国花卉品种分类学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2001:212.
[3]Kumar N,Srivastava G C,Dixit K.Role of Lipoxygenase During Flower Bud Opening in Roses(Rosa hybrida L.)[J].Hortic Environ Biote,2008,49.
[4]Maas F M,Bakx E J.Effects of light on growth and flowering of Rosa hybrids‘Mercedes’[J].J Am Chem Soc,1995,120:571-576.
[5]Girault T,Bergougnoux V,Combes D,et al.Light controls shoot meristem organogenic activity and leaf primordia growth during bud burst in Rosa sp[J].Plant Cell Environ,2008,31:1534-1544.
[6]Rabot A,Henry C,Ben Baaziz K,et al.Insight into the role of sugars in bud burst under light in the rose[J].Plant Cell Physiol,2012,53:1068-1082.
[7]Fran?ois B,Thomas P,Marion L,et al.Sucrose is an early modulator of the key hormonal mechanisms controlling bud outgrowth in Rosa hybrida[J].J Exp Bot,2015,66(9):2569.
[8]Kumar N,Srivastava G C,Dixit K.Flower bud opening and senescence in roses(Rosa hybrida L.)[J].Plant Growth Regul,2008,55:81.
[9]Sabehat A,Zieslin.NGA3 effects on post-harvest alterations in cell membranes of rose(Rosa hybrida)petals[J].J Plant Physiol,1994,144:513-517.
[10]Kuiper D,Van Reenen H S,Ribot S A.Effect of gibberellic acid on sugar transport in to petals of‘Madelon’rose flowers during bud opening[J].Acta Hor,1991,298:93-95.
[11]Bendahmane M,Dubois A,Raymond O,et al.Genetics and genomics of flower initiation and development in roses[J].J Exp Bot,2013,64(4):847.
[12]Crespel L,Chirollet M,Durel C E,et al.Mapping of qualitative and quantitative phenotypic traits in Rosa using AFLP markers[J].Theor Appl Genet,2002,105:1207-1214.
[13]Silverstone A L,Tseng T S,Swain S M,et al.Functional analysis of SPINDLY in gibberellin signaling in Arabidopsis[J].Plant Physiol,2007,143:987-1000.
[14]Kotoda N,Iwanami H,Takahashi S,et al.Antisense expression of MdTFL1,a TFL1-like gene,reduces the juvenile phase in apple[J].JAm Soc Hortic Sci,2006,131:74-81.
[15]Mohamed R,Wang C T,Ma C,et al.Populus CEN/TFL1 regulates first onset of flowering,axillary meristem identity and dormancy release in Populus[J].Plant J,2010,62:674-688.
[16]Wang R H,Albani M C,Vincent C,et al.Aa TFL1 confers an agedependent response to vernalization in perennial Arabis alpina[J].The Plant Cell,2011,23:1307-1321.
[17]Koskela E A,Mouhu K,Albani M C,et al.Mutation in TERMINAL FLOWER1 reverses the photoperiodicrequirement for flowering in the wild strawberry Fragaria vesca[J].Plant Physiol,2012,159:1043-1054.
[18]Iwata H,Gaston A,Remay A,et al.The TFL1 homologue KSN is a regulator of continuous flowering inrose and strawberry[J].Plant J,2012,69:116-125.
[19]Dugo M L,Satovic Z,Millan T,et al.Genetic mapping of QTLs controlling horticultural traits in diploid roses[J].Theor Appl Genet,2005,111:511-520.
[20]Theissen G,Saedler H.Plant biology.Floral quartets[J].Nature,2001,409:469-471.
[21]Krizek B A,Fletcher J C.Molecular mechanisms of flower development:an armchair guide[J].Nat Rev Genet,2005,6:688-698.
[22]Kitahara K,Matsumoto S.Rose MADS-box genes‘MASAKO C1and D1’homologous to class C floral identity genes[J].Plant Sci,2000,151:121-134.
[23]Hibino Y,Kitahara K,Hirai S,et al.Structural and functional analysis of rose class B MADS-box genes‘MASAKO BP,euB3,and B3’:paleo-type AP3 homologue‘MASAKO B3’association with petal development[J].Plant Sci,2006,170:778-785.
[24]Dubois A,Raymond O,Maene M,et al.Tinkering with the C-function:a molecular frame for the selection of double flowers in cultivated roses[J].PLoS One,2010,5:e9288.
[25]Yamada K,Norikoshi R,Suzuki K,et al.Cell division and expansion growth during rose petal development[J].J Jpn Soc Hortic Sci,2009,78:356-362.
[26]Ma N,Xue J Q,Li Y H,et al.Rh-PIP2;1,a rose aquaporin gene,is involved in ethyleneregulated petal expansion[J].Plant Physiol,2008,148:894-907.
[27]Halevy A H,Mayak S.Interrelationship of several phytohormones in the regulation of rose petal senescence[J].Acta Hort,1975,41:103-116.
[28]Kumar N,Srivastava G C,Dixit K.Hormonal regulation of flower senescence in roses(Rosa hybrida L.)[J].Plant Growth Regul,2008,55:65-71.
[29]Borochov A,Tirosh T,Halevy A H.Abscisic acid content of senescing petals on cut rose flowers as affected by sucrose and water stress[J].Plant Physiol,1976,58:175-178.
[30]Muller R,Andersen A S,Serek M.Differences in display life of miniature potted roses[J].Scientia Hort,1999,76:59-71.
[31]Hunter D A,Fessante A,Vernieri P,et al.Role of absicisic acid in perianth senescence of daffodil(Narcissus pseudonarcissus‘Dutch Master’[J].Physiol Plant,2004,121:313-321.
[32]Wang D,Fan J,Ranu R S.Cloning and expression of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase cDNA from Rosa(Rosa×hybrida)[J].Plant Cell Rep,2004,22:422-429.
[33]Tan H,Liu X,Ma N,et al.Ethylene-influnced flower opening and expression of genes encoding ETRs,and EIN3s in two cut rose cultivars[J].Postharvest Biol Technol,2006,40:97-105.
[34]Van Doorn W G,Schroder C.The abscission of rose petals[J].Ann Bot,1995,76:539-544.
[35]Hansen H,Grossmann K.Auxin induced ethylene triggers abscisic acid biosynthesis and growth inhibition[J].Plant Physiol,2000,124:1437-1448.
[36]Grossmann K,Hansen H.Ethylene triggered abscisic acid:a principle in plant growth regulation?[J].Physiol Plant,2001,113:914.
[37]秦红玫.月季切花衰老机理研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2006,34(5):841-843.
[38]Bleeksma H C,Van doorn W G.Emobolism in rose stem as a result of vascular occlusion by bacteria[J].Postharvest Biol Tec,2003,29:335-341.
[39]Van Doorn W G.Is petal senescence is due to sugar starvation[J].Plant Physiol,2004,134:35-42.
[40]Kumar N,Srivastava G C,Dixit K.Senescence in rose(Rosa hybrida L.):role of the endogenous anti-oxidant system[J].J Hortic Sci Biotech,2008,83:125-131.
[41]Jin J,Shan N,Ma N,et al.Regulation of ascorbate peroxidase at the transcript level is involved in tolerance to postharvest water deficit stress in the cut rose(Rosa hybrida L.)cv.Samantha[J].Postharvest Biol Tec,2006,40:236-243.
[42]曹慧,王永章,杜俊杰,等.脂氧合酶研究进展[J].安徽农业大学学报,2001,28(2):219-222.
[43]Fukuchi-Mizutani M,Ishiguro K,Nakayama T,et al.Molecular and functional characterization of a rose lipoxygenase cDNA related to flower senescence[J].Plant Sci,2000,160:129-137.
[44]Melan M A,Dong X,Endara M E,et al.An Arabiodopsis thaliana lipoxygenase gene can be induced by pathogens,abscisic acid and methyl jasmonate[J].Plant Physiol,1993,101:441-450.
[45]Itzhaki H,Borochov A,Shimon M.Age related changes in petal membranes from attached and detached rose flower[J].Plant Physiol,1990,94:1233-1236.
[46]Monteiro J A,Nell T A,Barrett J E.Post-production of potted miniature rose:flower respiration and single flower longevity[J].JAm Soc Hort Sci,2001,126:134-139.
[47]Singh A P,Pandey S P,Rajluxmi,et al.Transcriptional activation of a pectate lyase gene,RbPel1,during petal abscission in rose[J].Postharvest Biol Tec,2001,60:143-148.
[48]Singh A P,Tripathi S K,Nath P,et al.Petal abscission in rose is associated with the differential expression of two ethyleneresponsive xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase genes,RbXTH1 and RbXTH2[J].J Exp Bot,2001,62:5091-5103.
[49]Dubois A,Carrere S,Raymond O,et al.Transcriptome database resource and gene expression atlas for the rose[J].BMC Genomics,2012,13:638.
[2]陈俊愉.中国花卉品种分类学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2001:212.
[3]Kumar N,Srivastava G C,Dixit K.Role of Lipoxygenase During Flower Bud Opening in Roses(Rosa hybrida L.)[J].Hortic Environ Biote,2008,49.
[4]Maas F M,Bakx E J.Effects of light on growth and flowering of Rosa hybrids‘Mercedes’[J].J Am Chem Soc,1995,120:571-576.
[5]Girault T,Bergougnoux V,Combes D,et al.Light controls shoot meristem organogenic activity and leaf primordia growth during bud burst in Rosa sp[J].Plant Cell Environ,2008,31:1534-1544.
[6]Rabot A,Henry C,Ben Baaziz K,et al.Insight into the role of sugars in bud burst under light in the rose[J].Plant Cell Physiol,2012,53:1068-1082.
[7]Fran?ois B,Thomas P,Marion L,et al.Sucrose is an early modulator of the key hormonal mechanisms controlling bud outgrowth in Rosa hybrida[J].J Exp Bot,2015,66(9):2569.
[8]Kumar N,Srivastava G C,Dixit K.Flower bud opening and senescence in roses(Rosa hybrida L.)[J].Plant Growth Regul,2008,55:81.
[9]Sabehat A,Zieslin.NGA3 effects on post-harvest alterations in cell membranes of rose(Rosa hybrida)petals[J].J Plant Physiol,1994,144:513-517.
[10]Kuiper D,Van Reenen H S,Ribot S A.Effect of gibberellic acid on sugar transport in to petals of‘Madelon’rose flowers during bud opening[J].Acta Hor,1991,298:93-95.
[11]Bendahmane M,Dubois A,Raymond O,et al.Genetics and genomics of flower initiation and development in roses[J].J Exp Bot,2013,64(4):847.
[12]Crespel L,Chirollet M,Durel C E,et al.Mapping of qualitative and quantitative phenotypic traits in Rosa using AFLP markers[J].Theor Appl Genet,2002,105:1207-1214.
[13]Silverstone A L,Tseng T S,Swain S M,et al.Functional analysis of SPINDLY in gibberellin signaling in Arabidopsis[J].Plant Physiol,2007,143:987-1000.
[14]Kotoda N,Iwanami H,Takahashi S,et al.Antisense expression of MdTFL1,a TFL1-like gene,reduces the juvenile phase in apple[J].JAm Soc Hortic Sci,2006,131:74-81.
[15]Mohamed R,Wang C T,Ma C,et al.Populus CEN/TFL1 regulates first onset of flowering,axillary meristem identity and dormancy release in Populus[J].Plant J,2010,62:674-688.
[16]Wang R H,Albani M C,Vincent C,et al.Aa TFL1 confers an agedependent response to vernalization in perennial Arabis alpina[J].The Plant Cell,2011,23:1307-1321.
[17]Koskela E A,Mouhu K,Albani M C,et al.Mutation in TERMINAL FLOWER1 reverses the photoperiodicrequirement for flowering in the wild strawberry Fragaria vesca[J].Plant Physiol,2012,159:1043-1054.
[18]Iwata H,Gaston A,Remay A,et al.The TFL1 homologue KSN is a regulator of continuous flowering inrose and strawberry[J].Plant J,2012,69:116-125.
[19]Dugo M L,Satovic Z,Millan T,et al.Genetic mapping of QTLs controlling horticultural traits in diploid roses[J].Theor Appl Genet,2005,111:511-520.
[20]Theissen G,Saedler H.Plant biology.Floral quartets[J].Nature,2001,409:469-471.
[21]Krizek B A,Fletcher J C.Molecular mechanisms of flower development:an armchair guide[J].Nat Rev Genet,2005,6:688-698.
[22]Kitahara K,Matsumoto S.Rose MADS-box genes‘MASAKO C1and D1’homologous to class C floral identity genes[J].Plant Sci,2000,151:121-134.
[23]Hibino Y,Kitahara K,Hirai S,et al.Structural and functional analysis of rose class B MADS-box genes‘MASAKO BP,euB3,and B3’:paleo-type AP3 homologue‘MASAKO B3’association with petal development[J].Plant Sci,2006,170:778-785.
[24]Dubois A,Raymond O,Maene M,et al.Tinkering with the C-function:a molecular frame for the selection of double flowers in cultivated roses[J].PLoS One,2010,5:e9288.
[25]Yamada K,Norikoshi R,Suzuki K,et al.Cell division and expansion growth during rose petal development[J].J Jpn Soc Hortic Sci,2009,78:356-362.
[26]Ma N,Xue J Q,Li Y H,et al.Rh-PIP2;1,a rose aquaporin gene,is involved in ethyleneregulated petal expansion[J].Plant Physiol,2008,148:894-907.
[27]Halevy A H,Mayak S.Interrelationship of several phytohormones in the regulation of rose petal senescence[J].Acta Hort,1975,41:103-116.
[28]Kumar N,Srivastava G C,Dixit K.Hormonal regulation of flower senescence in roses(Rosa hybrida L.)[J].Plant Growth Regul,2008,55:65-71.
[29]Borochov A,Tirosh T,Halevy A H.Abscisic acid content of senescing petals on cut rose flowers as affected by sucrose and water stress[J].Plant Physiol,1976,58:175-178.
[30]Muller R,Andersen A S,Serek M.Differences in display life of miniature potted roses[J].Scientia Hort,1999,76:59-71.
[31]Hunter D A,Fessante A,Vernieri P,et al.Role of absicisic acid in perianth senescence of daffodil(Narcissus pseudonarcissus‘Dutch Master’[J].Physiol Plant,2004,121:313-321.
[32]Wang D,Fan J,Ranu R S.Cloning and expression of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase cDNA from Rosa(Rosa×hybrida)[J].Plant Cell Rep,2004,22:422-429.
[33]Tan H,Liu X,Ma N,et al.Ethylene-influnced flower opening and expression of genes encoding ETRs,and EIN3s in two cut rose cultivars[J].Postharvest Biol Technol,2006,40:97-105.
[34]Van Doorn W G,Schroder C.The abscission of rose petals[J].Ann Bot,1995,76:539-544.
[35]Hansen H,Grossmann K.Auxin induced ethylene triggers abscisic acid biosynthesis and growth inhibition[J].Plant Physiol,2000,124:1437-1448.
[36]Grossmann K,Hansen H.Ethylene triggered abscisic acid:a principle in plant growth regulation?[J].Physiol Plant,2001,113:914.
[37]秦红玫.月季切花衰老机理研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2006,34(5):841-843.
[38]Bleeksma H C,Van doorn W G.Emobolism in rose stem as a result of vascular occlusion by bacteria[J].Postharvest Biol Tec,2003,29:335-341.
[39]Van Doorn W G.Is petal senescence is due to sugar starvation[J].Plant Physiol,2004,134:35-42.
[40]Kumar N,Srivastava G C,Dixit K.Senescence in rose(Rosa hybrida L.):role of the endogenous anti-oxidant system[J].J Hortic Sci Biotech,2008,83:125-131.
[41]Jin J,Shan N,Ma N,et al.Regulation of ascorbate peroxidase at the transcript level is involved in tolerance to postharvest water deficit stress in the cut rose(Rosa hybrida L.)cv.Samantha[J].Postharvest Biol Tec,2006,40:236-243.
[42]曹慧,王永章,杜俊杰,等.脂氧合酶研究进展[J].安徽农业大学学报,2001,28(2):219-222.
[43]Fukuchi-Mizutani M,Ishiguro K,Nakayama T,et al.Molecular and functional characterization of a rose lipoxygenase cDNA related to flower senescence[J].Plant Sci,2000,160:129-137.
[44]Melan M A,Dong X,Endara M E,et al.An Arabiodopsis thaliana lipoxygenase gene can be induced by pathogens,abscisic acid and methyl jasmonate[J].Plant Physiol,1993,101:441-450.
[45]Itzhaki H,Borochov A,Shimon M.Age related changes in petal membranes from attached and detached rose flower[J].Plant Physiol,1990,94:1233-1236.
[46]Monteiro J A,Nell T A,Barrett J E.Post-production of potted miniature rose:flower respiration and single flower longevity[J].JAm Soc Hort Sci,2001,126:134-139.
[47]Singh A P,Pandey S P,Rajluxmi,et al.Transcriptional activation of a pectate lyase gene,RbPel1,during petal abscission in rose[J].Postharvest Biol Tec,2001,60:143-148.
[48]Singh A P,Tripathi S K,Nath P,et al.Petal abscission in rose is associated with the differential expression of two ethyleneresponsive xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase genes,RbXTH1 and RbXTH2[J].J Exp Bot,2001,62:5091-5103.
[49]Dubois A,Carrere S,Raymond O,et al.Transcriptome database resource and gene expression atlas for the rose[J].BMC Genomics,2012,13:638.