上海市华漕社区外来务工学校与公立学校小学生屈光状况调查
|
摘要
目的了解华漕社区外来务工学校与公立学校小学生屈光状况,为防治屈光不正提供科学依据。方法通过对外来务工学校2 076名学生,公立学校1 327名学生进行视力、屈光、问卷调查,分析其屈光状况和影响因素结果外来务工学校学生视力不良率(43.74%)低于公立学校(48.83%),外来务工学校学生戴镜率(16.85%)小于公立学校(29.17%);2所学校学生视力不良率随着年级的上升而增加;外来务工学校学生正视眼率(58.50%)高于公立学校(52.41%),近视眼率(28.9%)低于公立学校(32.14%),远视眼率(12.60%)低于公立学校(15.45%)。2所学校学生远视眼率、正视眼率随年级的升高而下降,低度近视和中度近视率随年级的升高而上升。视力不良多因素非条件logistic分析提示户外活动时间长为保护因素,父母近视、每日作业时间过长、过度低头、看电视电脑距离过近为独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论华漕社区学生视力不良率偏高,应该对社区内所有学生建立视力屈光发育档案,每年定期检查,社区医生、学校老师、家长、学生一起参与才能更好地做好近视防治工作。
Objective To understand the refraction status of pupils in a migrant school and a public school in Huacao community, Shanghai City, so as to provide the evidence for ametropia prevention and control.Methods The visual acuity, refraction and questionnaire surveys were conducted among 2 076 students from a migrant school and 1 327 pupils from a public school, and the results including the refraction status and influencing factors were analyzed.Results The poor eyesight rate was 43.74% in the migrant school pupils, which was less than that(48.43%) in the public school pupils.The rate of wearing glasses was 16.85% in the migrant school pupils, which was less than that(29.17%) in the public school pupils. The poor eyesight rate of the pupils increased with the rise of the grades in the two schools. The emmetropia rate was 58.50% in the migrant school pupils, which was more than that(52.41%) in the public school pupils. The myopia rate was 28.90% in the migrant school pupils, which was less than that(32.14%) in the public school pupils. The presbyopia rate was 12.60% in the migrant school pupils, which was less than that(15.45%) in the public school pupils.The presbyopia rate and emmetropia rate of the pupils decreased with the rise of the grades in the two schools, but the low myopia rate and moderate myopia rate of the pupils increased with the rise of the grades. The multivariate non-conditional logistic analysis of poor vision showed that the longtime outdoor activity was a protective factor, but parental myopia,longtime daily homework, over bow, and close watching TV and computer were independent risk factors(P <0.05).Conclusion The poor eyesight rate is relatively high in the pupils in Huacao community. Therefore, the vision refractive development files should be established in all the students in the community, and the annual inspection should be conducted. At the same time, the parents, community doctors, teachers, and students should work together to improve the myopia prevention and control.
Objective To understand the refraction status of pupils in a migrant school and a public school in Huacao community, Shanghai City, so as to provide the evidence for ametropia prevention and control.Methods The visual acuity, refraction and questionnaire surveys were conducted among 2 076 students from a migrant school and 1 327 pupils from a public school, and the results including the refraction status and influencing factors were analyzed.Results The poor eyesight rate was 43.74% in the migrant school pupils, which was less than that(48.43%) in the public school pupils.The rate of wearing glasses was 16.85% in the migrant school pupils, which was less than that(29.17%) in the public school pupils. The poor eyesight rate of the pupils increased with the rise of the grades in the two schools. The emmetropia rate was 58.50% in the migrant school pupils, which was more than that(52.41%) in the public school pupils. The myopia rate was 28.90% in the migrant school pupils, which was less than that(32.14%) in the public school pupils. The presbyopia rate was 12.60% in the migrant school pupils, which was less than that(15.45%) in the public school pupils.The presbyopia rate and emmetropia rate of the pupils decreased with the rise of the grades in the two schools, but the low myopia rate and moderate myopia rate of the pupils increased with the rise of the grades. The multivariate non-conditional logistic analysis of poor vision showed that the longtime outdoor activity was a protective factor, but parental myopia,longtime daily homework, over bow, and close watching TV and computer were independent risk factors(P <0.05).Conclusion The poor eyesight rate is relatively high in the pupils in Huacao community. Therefore, the vision refractive development files should be established in all the students in the community, and the annual inspection should be conducted. At the same time, the parents, community doctors, teachers, and students should work together to improve the myopia prevention and control.
引文
[1]季成叶.儿童少年卫生学[M].7版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2012:5-6.
[2]张丽娟,裴付彬,席秀芝,等.6472名小学生屈光状态调查[J].贵阳医学院学报,2015,40(4):380-390.
[3]胡健燕,沈星华,管怀进,等.便携式电脑验光仪筛查屈光不正的可行性探讨[J].眼科,2010,19(6):406-409.
[4]黄俊,李云,程紊,等.上海闵行区学龄前儿童屈光度范围评估及影响因素分析[J].中国斜视与小儿眼科杂志,2012,20(4):178-180.
[5]黄小菊,刘素芳,欧顺云,等.6~14岁儿童远视屈光度变化动态分析[J].中国实用眼科杂志,2000,18(7):412-413.
[6]徐超立,吴建峰,毕宏生.多巴胺在近视发生发展中的作用[J].眼科新进展,2014,34(1):86-90.
[7]柴学峰,梁革平.包头市青山区小学生视力的现况调查及危险因素分析[J].中国卫生标准管理,2016,33(6):9-11.
[8]罗军,陈树昶,朱晓霞.杭州市2010年中小学生视力不良状况调查[J].中国学校卫生,2013,34(3):372-373.
[9]孙颖,段佳丽.北京市2010学年中小学生视力不良现状[J].中国学校卫生,2013,34(5):621-622.
[10]曾婕,古仕艳,张遵真.2013年四川省中小学生视力不良状况调查[J].预防医学,2016,32(6):560-563.
[11]李春燕,王泽飞,姜涛,等.杭州市小学生视力低下及屈光不正现况调查[J].浙江预防医学,2012,24(5):6-10.
[12]王苏,胡燕妮,袁昌亮,等.1562名小学生屈光状况调查[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2015,26(5):83-84.
[13]朱玮,吴岩,于靖,等.2011年上海市闸北区和田路小学小学生屈光状态及相关因素分析[J].国际眼科杂志,2013,13(6):1215-1218.
[14]许燕玉,范军华,李学喜.角膜曲率与年龄性别的相关性分析[J].国际眼科杂志,2009,9(5):884-886.
[15]戴寅研,沈斌,蔡尉,等.上海市长宁区视力不良小学生屈光要素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2012,33(12):1482-1487.
[16]杨云娟,常利涛,吕慧,等.云南省中小学生视力不良现况及影响因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(12):1855-1858.
[17]俞慧芳,凌洁,唐娴,等.嘉兴市2009—2012年中小学生常见病监测结果分析[J].中国学校卫生,2014,35(11):1735-1736.
[18]张丹凤.上海市浦东新区2014年中小学生近视现况及影响因素分析[J].中国初级卫生保健,2016,30(4):62-68.
[2]张丽娟,裴付彬,席秀芝,等.6472名小学生屈光状态调查[J].贵阳医学院学报,2015,40(4):380-390.
[3]胡健燕,沈星华,管怀进,等.便携式电脑验光仪筛查屈光不正的可行性探讨[J].眼科,2010,19(6):406-409.
[4]黄俊,李云,程紊,等.上海闵行区学龄前儿童屈光度范围评估及影响因素分析[J].中国斜视与小儿眼科杂志,2012,20(4):178-180.
[5]黄小菊,刘素芳,欧顺云,等.6~14岁儿童远视屈光度变化动态分析[J].中国实用眼科杂志,2000,18(7):412-413.
[6]徐超立,吴建峰,毕宏生.多巴胺在近视发生发展中的作用[J].眼科新进展,2014,34(1):86-90.
[7]柴学峰,梁革平.包头市青山区小学生视力的现况调查及危险因素分析[J].中国卫生标准管理,2016,33(6):9-11.
[8]罗军,陈树昶,朱晓霞.杭州市2010年中小学生视力不良状况调查[J].中国学校卫生,2013,34(3):372-373.
[9]孙颖,段佳丽.北京市2010学年中小学生视力不良现状[J].中国学校卫生,2013,34(5):621-622.
[10]曾婕,古仕艳,张遵真.2013年四川省中小学生视力不良状况调查[J].预防医学,2016,32(6):560-563.
[11]李春燕,王泽飞,姜涛,等.杭州市小学生视力低下及屈光不正现况调查[J].浙江预防医学,2012,24(5):6-10.
[12]王苏,胡燕妮,袁昌亮,等.1562名小学生屈光状况调查[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2015,26(5):83-84.
[13]朱玮,吴岩,于靖,等.2011年上海市闸北区和田路小学小学生屈光状态及相关因素分析[J].国际眼科杂志,2013,13(6):1215-1218.
[14]许燕玉,范军华,李学喜.角膜曲率与年龄性别的相关性分析[J].国际眼科杂志,2009,9(5):884-886.
[15]戴寅研,沈斌,蔡尉,等.上海市长宁区视力不良小学生屈光要素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2012,33(12):1482-1487.
[16]杨云娟,常利涛,吕慧,等.云南省中小学生视力不良现况及影响因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(12):1855-1858.
[17]俞慧芳,凌洁,唐娴,等.嘉兴市2009—2012年中小学生常见病监测结果分析[J].中国学校卫生,2014,35(11):1735-1736.
[18]张丹凤.上海市浦东新区2014年中小学生近视现况及影响因素分析[J].中国初级卫生保健,2016,30(4):62-68.