变换器无滞后模型及准连续控制电流调节器差分设计方法
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摘要
电力电子系统动态性能最基础的制约因素是变换器滞后。变换器存在1/2开关周期滞后(工程模型),并据此按工程设计方法计算电流内环调节器参数。变换器的频率特性说明:连续控制的变换器,例如晶闸管整流器(含交-交、LCI等变频器)和自然采样PWM变换器等,是一个无滞后的比例环节(无滞后模型)。变换器无滞后的系统无法按工程设计方法计算电流调节器参数。建议采用调节器差分设计方法,系统2个开关周期到稳态(2拍响应)且超调不大,抗扰动性能好,能消除三相交流电流控制系统的交叉耦合。仿真和变频调速样机的试验结果证实所提模型及设计方法可行。样机中采用FPGA实现电流环及PWM的准连续控制。
The most essential restricting factor of power electronic system dynamic performance is the converter delay time. Almost all of documents told that converters are considered as delay or inertia units with half switching period T_0/2(engineering model),then regulator parameters of current loops are calculated by using engineering designing method. A different opinion is explained with the aid of frequency characteristics that many continuous controlled converters,for example thyristor rectifiers(including cycloconverters and LCI)and natural sampled PWM converters etc,are proportional units without delay time(delayless models). The regulator parameters of the current loops adopting delayless models can not to be calculated using the engineering method as usual. The regulator design method based on difference-equations was proposed,it made system reach steady state only through 2 switching periods(2 step response)with accepted overshoot,had good anti-disturb ability and eliminate the crossing-coupling of 3-phase AC current control system. The feasibility of the proposed model and design method was verified by simulations and testing results of an inverter-fed motor drive prototype,where its quasi-continuous current control loop and PWM were realized by using FPGA.
The most essential restricting factor of power electronic system dynamic performance is the converter delay time. Almost all of documents told that converters are considered as delay or inertia units with half switching period T_0/2(engineering model),then regulator parameters of current loops are calculated by using engineering designing method. A different opinion is explained with the aid of frequency characteristics that many continuous controlled converters,for example thyristor rectifiers(including cycloconverters and LCI)and natural sampled PWM converters etc,are proportional units without delay time(delayless models). The regulator parameters of the current loops adopting delayless models can not to be calculated using the engineering method as usual. The regulator design method based on difference-equations was proposed,it made system reach steady state only through 2 switching periods(2 step response)with accepted overshoot,had good anti-disturb ability and eliminate the crossing-coupling of 3-phase AC current control system. The feasibility of the proposed model and design method was verified by simulations and testing results of an inverter-fed motor drive prototype,where its quasi-continuous current control loop and PWM were realized by using FPGA.
引文
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[3]王兆安,张明勋.电力电子设备设计和应用手册[M].第2版.北京:机械工业出版社,2002.
[4]陈伯时.电力拖动自动控制系统[M].第3版.北京:机械工业出版社,2007.
[5]杨耕,罗应立.电机与运动控制系统[M].第2版.北京:清华大学出版社,2014.
[6]潘月斗,李擎,李华德.电力拖动自动控制系统[M].第2版.北京:机械工业出版社,2013.
[7] Ma X. Is There a Lag from Input to Output of a Thyristor Converter?[C]//Industry Application Society Meeting,1988,1:1023-1025.
[8] Ma X. Modeling of Power Electronic Converters[C]//Proceedings of IPEC-Yokohama’95,1995:1507-1512.
[9]马小亮.电子功率变换器的离散分析方法[J].电气传动,1987(2):11-18.
[10]张永昌,杨海涛,魏香龙.基于快速矢量选择的永磁同步电机模型预测控制[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(6):66-73.
[11]尹路,赵争鸣,张凯.一种考虑系统非理想特性的三相电压型PWM整流器控制参数设计方法[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(23):10-17.
[12] Holtz J,Oikonomou N. Fast Dynamic Control of Medium Voltage Drives at Very Low Switching Frequency—An Overview[J].IEEE Trans. on Indust. Electron.,2008,55(3):1005-1015.
[13]王伟华,肖曦,刘欢,等.电流增量预测控制策略参数稳定域拓展[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(3):50-56.
[14]吴轩钦,谭国俊,何凤有,等.网侧三相整流最小耦合模型控制[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(20):128-138.
[15] Naouar M W,Monmasson E,Naassani A A,et al. FPGA-based Current Controllers for AC Machine Drives—A Review[J].IEEE Trans. on Indust. Electron.,2007,54(4):1907-1925.
[16]马小亮.矢量控制系统的解耦与调节器设计[J].电气传动,2009,39(1):3-6.