基于“以人为本”理念的医护人员生命关怀能力评价指标体系的构建研究
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摘要
目的构建一套基于"以人为本"理念、客观评价医护人员生命关怀能力的系统指标体系。方法通过国内外文献、专家和同行咨询、小组讨论,以马斯洛需要层次论为基础,本着以人为本的核心理念,初步拟建出医护人员生命关怀能力评价指标体系,采用德尔菲法对29位函询专家进行3轮问卷调查、确定各层次评价指标,运用层次分析法计算其权重。结果以人为本的医护人员生命关怀能力评价指标体系包含一、二、三级指标分别为4、10、37个,其一级指标权重依次为0. 297、0. 270、0. 218、0. 215,其中实行人性化照护的权重最高,与本研究坚持以人为本的理念高度吻合。结论本评价指标体系的研究方法系统可靠、权重计算方法合理、专家评价可信度较高、意见集中,不仅能为包括患者及其家属、医院管理者、医护人员自身在内的主体评价生命关怀能力提供量化考评标准,还能为培训教育机构制订针对性策略提供借鉴和参考。
Objective: To construct a set of systematic index system based on the concept of "people oriented",and to evaluate the life care ability of medical staff objectively. Methods: Through domestic and foreign literature,expert and peer consultation and group discussion,based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory and the core concept of "people oriented",a preliminary evaluation index system of medical staffs' life care ability had been established. Delphi method was used to conduct three rounds of questionnaire survey among 29 correspondence experts to determine the evaluation index at each level,and analytic hierarchy process was used to calculate its weight. Results: The evaluation index system of medical staffs' life care ability based on"people oriented"included 4,10 and 37 indicators at the first,second and third level,respectively. The weights of the first-level indicators were 0. 297,0. 270,0. 218 and 0. 215,respectively,among which the highest weight was the implementation of humane care,highly consistent with the people oriented concept of this study. Conclusion: The research method of this evaluation index system is systematic and reliable,the weight calculation method is reasonable,the expert evaluation credibility is higher and the opinions are concentrated. It can not only provide quantitative evaluation criteria for evaluating the life care ability to patients and their families,hospital administrators and medical staff themselves,but also provide reference for training educational institutions to formulate targeted strategies.
Objective: To construct a set of systematic index system based on the concept of "people oriented",and to evaluate the life care ability of medical staff objectively. Methods: Through domestic and foreign literature,expert and peer consultation and group discussion,based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory and the core concept of "people oriented",a preliminary evaluation index system of medical staffs' life care ability had been established. Delphi method was used to conduct three rounds of questionnaire survey among 29 correspondence experts to determine the evaluation index at each level,and analytic hierarchy process was used to calculate its weight. Results: The evaluation index system of medical staffs' life care ability based on"people oriented"included 4,10 and 37 indicators at the first,second and third level,respectively. The weights of the first-level indicators were 0. 297,0. 270,0. 218 and 0. 215,respectively,among which the highest weight was the implementation of humane care,highly consistent with the people oriented concept of this study. Conclusion: The research method of this evaluation index system is systematic and reliable,the weight calculation method is reasonable,the expert evaluation credibility is higher and the opinions are concentrated. It can not only provide quantitative evaluation criteria for evaluating the life care ability to patients and their families,hospital administrators and medical staff themselves,but also provide reference for training educational institutions to formulate targeted strategies.
引文
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[2]李梁,杨楠,任红,等.德尔菲法构建临床护理人员人文关怀能力评价指标体系[J].护理研究,2016,30(9C):3376-3379.
[3]陈红,郭红霞.开设、关怀与照护、课程对护理本科生关怀能力的影响[J].护理研究,2011,25(1):75-77.
[4]张立力,王小丽.护理专业大学生人文素质评价体系的初步构建[J].护理学杂志,2009,24(6):66-68.
[5]杨雅娜.社区护士灾害应对能力评价指标体系的构建研究[D].重庆:第三军医大学,2010.
[6]张翠萍,李笃武,胡善菊.层次分析法在护理人员绩效评价指标体系构建中的应用[J].护理学杂志,2010,25(13):14-16.
[7]庄平,张广清,林美珍,等.运用Delphi法构建中医专科护士培训方案指标体系[J].护理学杂志,2015,30(9):63-66.
[8] Wilson S,Ramelet AS,Zuider duyn S. Research priorities for nursing care of infants,children and adolescents:a West Australian Delphi study[J].Clin Nurs,2010,19(13-14):1919-1928.
[9]柏晓玲,楼婷,张永春,等.基于儒家思想的护理人文关怀能力评价指标体系研究[J].护理学杂志,2012,27(11):58-61.
[10]李秋洁,孙宁,韩炫烨,等.临床护士绩效考核指标体系的构建研究[J].护理学杂志,2014,29(22):63-66.
[11] Blmer F,Seifert I,Kreibich H,et al. A Delphi medical expert survey to derive standards for flood damage data collection[J]. Risk Anal,2010,30(1):107-124.
[12]王列,张哲,马帅,等.德尔菲法和层次分析法在冠心病稳定型心绞痛(痰淤互结症)疗效评价指标体系构建中的应用[J].辽宁中医杂志,2013,40(6):1077-1079.
[13]潘小炎.广西全科医生综合素质评价指标体系研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2013.
[14]宋扬,赵鹏,邓林,等.医学生人文素养教育面临的困境及对策[J].医学与社会,2015,28(9):106-108.
[15]胡欢,朱丽莎.从死亡认知的角度分析医患关系恶化的原因及改善对策[J].中国医学伦理学,2014,27(6):845-847.