兽用博落回散对饲用酶制剂酶活性的影响
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摘要
博落回散能抑菌消炎、改善畜禽肠道内环境,兼具营养和药用双重作用,已经成为一类新型饲料添加剂。酶制剂是目前已在养殖业广泛使用的饲料添加剂,它能提高动物对饲料的消化利用率、提高饲料转化率、降低饲喂成本。博落回散能否和酶制剂同时使用目前尚未有相关的研究报道。本文研究了不同浓度博落回散溶液对8种常用饲用酶制剂活性的影响,实验结果表明,在正常使用浓度(30～50 mg/L)范围内,博落回散不会明显影响淀粉酶、纤维素酶、果胶酶、甘露聚糖酶和木聚糖酶这5种糖基水解酶的活性;对植酸酶、酸性蛋白酶和脂肪酶这3种非糖基水解酶的活性影响不大,这说明博落回散能和酶制剂同时添加到饲料中。本研究为兽用博落回散饲料添加剂在养殖行业的广泛应用提供了实验支持。
Macleaya cordata extract can inhibit bacteria and reduce inflammation,improve the intestinal environment of livestock and poultry,and has both nutrition and medicinal effects. It has been added to feed as a feed additive.Feed enzymes improve the digestion and utilization rate of feed,increase the feed conversion rate and reduce the feeding cost. Therefore,enzymes are also widely used in livestock feed. However,whether Macleaya cordata extract affects the activity of feed enzyme preparation has not been studied. This work explores the effects of different concentrations of Macleaya cordata extract solution on the activity of eight commonly used feed enzyme preparations. The experimental re-sults showed that the working concentrations(30～50 mg/L)did not inhibit five glycosyl hydrolases significantly,includ-ing amylase,cellulase,pectinase,mannanase,and xylanase. The activity of the enzyme also had little effect on the three non-glycosyl hydrolases,such as phytase,acid protease,and lipase. It reveals that Macleaya cordata extract and feed enzyme preparations can be added to the feed at the same time. This study provides experimental basis for the widespread use of Macleaya cordata extract feed additives in breeding industry.
Macleaya cordata extract can inhibit bacteria and reduce inflammation,improve the intestinal environment of livestock and poultry,and has both nutrition and medicinal effects. It has been added to feed as a feed additive.Feed enzymes improve the digestion and utilization rate of feed,increase the feed conversion rate and reduce the feeding cost. Therefore,enzymes are also widely used in livestock feed. However,whether Macleaya cordata extract affects the activity of feed enzyme preparation has not been studied. This work explores the effects of different concentrations of Macleaya cordata extract solution on the activity of eight commonly used feed enzyme preparations. The experimental re-sults showed that the working concentrations(30～50 mg/L)did not inhibit five glycosyl hydrolases significantly,includ-ing amylase,cellulase,pectinase,mannanase,and xylanase. The activity of the enzyme also had little effect on the three non-glycosyl hydrolases,such as phytase,acid protease,and lipase. It reveals that Macleaya cordata extract and feed enzyme preparations can be added to the feed at the same time. This study provides experimental basis for the widespread use of Macleaya cordata extract feed additives in breeding industry.
引文
[1] Zhang X Y, Huang H M, Wang S K, et al. Research progress of Macleaya cordata[J]. Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, 2014(23):157-158.张小艳,黄红梅,汪尚坤,等.博落回的研究进展[J].现代农业科技, 2014(23):157-158.
[2] Wang J H, Han J Z, Qu D F. The in vitro antibacterial activity of sanguinarine and its effect on bacterial biofilms[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2012, 48(19):67-70.王静慧,韩剑众,曲道峰.血根碱体外抑菌作用及其对细菌生物被膜的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志, 2012, 48(19):67-70.
[3] Zhang W, Piao X S. Advances in research on bacterio-static action of berberine[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2010, 46(3):58-61.张茜,朴香淑.小檗碱抑菌作用研究进展[J].中国畜牧杂志, 2010, 46(3):58-61.
[4] Xu D X, Chen X, Cheng R B. Transmission electron microscopic observation of the effects of chelerythrine on the morphology of Streptococcus mutans cells[J].Stomatology, 2011, 27(10):870-872.徐冬雪,陈旭,程睿波.白屈菜红碱对变形链球菌细胞形态学影响的透射电镜观察[J].口腔医学研究,2011, 27(10):870-872.
[5] Yu J P, Zhao D L, Meng X B, et al. Bacteriostasis of Macleaya cordata from eight fungi[J]. Journal of Moun-tain Agriculture and Biology, 2006, 25(1):93-95.郁建平,赵东亮,孟祥斌,等.博落回生物碱对8种真菌的抑菌作用[J].山地农业生物学报, 2006, 25(1):93-95.
[6] Tian J, Yu J P, Ge Y H, et al. Preliminary study on the inhibitory effects of alkaloids on five kinds of skin mites in Macleaya cordata alkaloids[J]. Chinese Patent Medicine, 2010, 32(7):1108-1111.田晶,郁建平,葛永辉,等.博落回中生物碱对5种皮癣真菌抑制作用的初步研究[J].中成药, 2010, 32(7):1108-1111.
[7] Gao H M, Fu X C, He T, et al. Inhibitory activity of alkaloids from 12 plant species[J]. Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2014(18):5810-5812.高红梅,付小草,何婷,等.博落回生物碱对12种植物病原菌的抑制活性研究[J].安徽农业科学, 2014(18):5810-5812.
[8] Guo X Q, Tang L P. Research progress of Chinese medicine Macleaya cordata[J]. Veterinary Drug Mar-ket Guide, 2006(5):11-12.郭小清,唐莉苹.中药博落回的研究进展[J].兽药市场指南, 2006(5):11-12.
[9] Yang J, Wang J, Liu X S, et al. Study on the efficacy of Macleaya cordata[J]. Chinese Traditional Medi-cine, 1999(2):82-85.杨军,王静,刘信顺,等.博落回的药效研究[J].中药材, 1999(2):82-85.
[10] Yang Y S, Xue F Q. Overview of research on antibiotic feed additives[J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Veteri-nary Medicine, 2000, 19(5):38-41.杨云裳,薛飞群.抗生素饲料添加剂研究概况[J].中兽医医药杂志, 2000, 19(5):38-41.
[11] Li K N. The role and development trend of antibiotic feed additives[J]. World Agriculture, 2005(10):47-50.李凯年.抗生素饲料添加剂的作用及发展趋势[J].世界农业, 2005(10):47-50.
[12] Deng D, Deng Y L. Research progress of alkaloids in Macleaya cordata[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Ecolo-gy, 2009, 30(4):6-8.邓敦,邓跃林.博落回生物碱的研究进展[J].家畜生态学报, 2009, 30(4):6-8.
[13] Zhang S H, Wu P, Wang Q J,et al. Effect of the Ma-cleaya cordata extract on the growth of probiotics[J].Feed Industry, 2018, 39(16):40-43张少航,巫攀,王启军,等.兽用博落回散对常用益生菌生长的影响[J].饲料工业, 2018, 39(16):40-43.
[14] Ouyang L, Sheng L B, Zeng J G. Application prospect of Macleaya cordata in healthy aquaculture[J]. Hunan Feed, 2015(1):28-29.欧阳龙,盛利斌,曾建国.博落回散在健康养殖中的应用前景[J].湖南饲料, 2015(1):28-29.
[15] Li P P, Ge X, Wang J H, et al. Application of feed en-zyme preparation in pig feed[J]. Pig Feed, 2012(3):14-16.李培培,戈新,王建华,等.饲用酶制剂在猪饲料中的应用研究[J].养猪, 2012(3):14-16.
[16] He J, Feng G D, Dou S F, et al. Study on the applica-tion effect of adding enzyme preparations to dietary nutri-tion level of eggs and ducks[J]. Food and Food Indus-try, 2001(9):36-38.何健,冯光德,豆松方,等.降低蛋鸭日粮营养水平添加酶制剂的应用效果研究[J].粮食与饲料工业, 2001(9):36-38.
[17] Wang B H. Application of plant feed anti-nutritionalf factors and feed enzyme preparations[J]. Feed Fair,2005(3):14-17.王宝海.植物性饲料抗营养因子与饲用酶制剂的应用[J].饲料博览, 2005(3):14-17.
[18] Zhan Z C, Zhou Y. Application and future of enzyme preparation in low carbon environmental protection econ-omy[C]//2011 International Symposium on Applica-tion Technology of Feed Enzyme Preparation and Feed Enzyme Preparation Conference. 2011:43-47.詹志春,周樱.酶制剂在低碳环保经济中的应用与未来[C]//2011饲料酶制剂应用技术国际研讨会暨饲料酶制剂大会. 2011:43-47.
[19] Yang P N. Analysis of the application of enzyme prepa-ration in livestock and poultry breeding[J]. Farmer’s Advancement Consultant, 2015(16):66-67.杨丕宁.浅析酶制剂在畜禽养殖中的应用[J].农家致富顾问, 2015(16):66-67.
[20] Zhang B, Rao L Q, Liu G. Research progress of do-mestic feed enzyme preparations[J]. Hunan Agricultur-al Sciences, 2007(2):120-122.张斌,饶力群,刘高.国内饲用酶制剂的研究进展[J].湖南农业科学, 2007(2):120-122.
[21] Birari R, Roy S K, Singh A, et al. Pancreatic lipase in-hibitory alkaloids of Murraya koenigii leaves[J]. Natu-ral Product Communications, 2009, 4(8):1089-1092.
[22] Zhu X Q, Lv J C, Huo S X, et al. Inhibition of pancre-atic lipase by lotus leaf alkaloids[J]. Journal of Shanghai University(Natural Science), 2007, 13(1):85-87.朱晓青,吕敬慈,霍世欣,等.荷叶生物碱对胰脂肪酶的抑制作用[J].上海大学学报(自然科学版), 2007, 13(1):85-87.
[23] Yang W W, Zhang X Y, Ding Y, et al. Evaluation of the inhibitory activity of alkaloids on elastase[J]. Health Report:Medical Edition, 2015.杨文文,张雪霁,丁燕,等.苦木生物碱对弹性蛋白酶的抑制活性评价[J].健康导报:医学版, 2015.
[24] Lin Y. Application and problems of feed antibiotics[J].Feed Research, 2001(4):25-26.林云.饲料抗生素的应用及面临的问题[J].饲料研究, 2001(4):25-26.
[25] Jiang X X, Cao Z H, Lin Q Y, et al. Research prog-ress in the replacement of feed antibiotics by macleaya cordata and its extracts[J]. Anhui Agricultural Scienc-es, 2016, 44(30):127-129.蒋晓旭,曹振辉,林秋叶,等.博落回及其提取物替代饲用抗生素研究进展[J].安徽农业科学, 2016, 44(30):127-129.
[26] Yu J S. Contrast treatment trial of Macleaya cordata preparation on avian cholera and piglet white pheasant[J]. Heilongjiang Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2007(2):91-93.郁建生.博落回制剂对禽霍乱、仔猪白痢的对比治疗试验[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医, 2007(2):91-93.
[27] Hu G C. Effects of Macleaya cordata extract-acidifier compound preparation on performance of lactating sows[J]. Journal of Contemporary Animal Husbandry, 2017(21):23-24.胡光超.博落回提取物-酸化剂复方制剂对哺乳母猪生产性能的影响[J].当代畜牧, 2017(21):23-24.
[28] Khadem A, Soler L, Everaert N, et al. Growth promo-tion in broilers by both oxytetracycline and Macleaya cordata extract is based on their anti-inflammatory prop-erties[J]. Br J Nutr, 2014, 112(7):1110-1118.
[29] Hu R, Wang L J, Wang S J, et al. Development and utilization of enzyme preparation feed products to pro-mote the development of special poultry and poultry breeding industry in Northeast China[J]. Jilin Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2016(12):67-68.胡锐,王丽娟,王淑君,等.开发利用酶制剂饲用产品,促进东北东部特禽珍禽养殖业的发展[J].吉林畜牧兽医, 2016(12):67-68.
[30] Wang W H. New technology of feed enzymes helps healthy development of aquaculture industry![J]. China Rural Science and Technology, 2017(1):11.王雯慧.饲用酶新技术助力养殖行业健康发展![J].中国农村科技, 2017(1):11.
[31] Wang Y H. Development and application practice of feed enzyme preparation in China[J]. Guangdong Feed,2016, 25(2):16-19.王耀辉.我国饲料酶制剂研发与应用实践[J].广东饲料, 2016, 25(2):16-19.
[2] Wang J H, Han J Z, Qu D F. The in vitro antibacterial activity of sanguinarine and its effect on bacterial biofilms[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2012, 48(19):67-70.王静慧,韩剑众,曲道峰.血根碱体外抑菌作用及其对细菌生物被膜的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志, 2012, 48(19):67-70.
[3] Zhang W, Piao X S. Advances in research on bacterio-static action of berberine[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2010, 46(3):58-61.张茜,朴香淑.小檗碱抑菌作用研究进展[J].中国畜牧杂志, 2010, 46(3):58-61.
[4] Xu D X, Chen X, Cheng R B. Transmission electron microscopic observation of the effects of chelerythrine on the morphology of Streptococcus mutans cells[J].Stomatology, 2011, 27(10):870-872.徐冬雪,陈旭,程睿波.白屈菜红碱对变形链球菌细胞形态学影响的透射电镜观察[J].口腔医学研究,2011, 27(10):870-872.
[5] Yu J P, Zhao D L, Meng X B, et al. Bacteriostasis of Macleaya cordata from eight fungi[J]. Journal of Moun-tain Agriculture and Biology, 2006, 25(1):93-95.郁建平,赵东亮,孟祥斌,等.博落回生物碱对8种真菌的抑菌作用[J].山地农业生物学报, 2006, 25(1):93-95.
[6] Tian J, Yu J P, Ge Y H, et al. Preliminary study on the inhibitory effects of alkaloids on five kinds of skin mites in Macleaya cordata alkaloids[J]. Chinese Patent Medicine, 2010, 32(7):1108-1111.田晶,郁建平,葛永辉,等.博落回中生物碱对5种皮癣真菌抑制作用的初步研究[J].中成药, 2010, 32(7):1108-1111.
[7] Gao H M, Fu X C, He T, et al. Inhibitory activity of alkaloids from 12 plant species[J]. Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2014(18):5810-5812.高红梅,付小草,何婷,等.博落回生物碱对12种植物病原菌的抑制活性研究[J].安徽农业科学, 2014(18):5810-5812.
[8] Guo X Q, Tang L P. Research progress of Chinese medicine Macleaya cordata[J]. Veterinary Drug Mar-ket Guide, 2006(5):11-12.郭小清,唐莉苹.中药博落回的研究进展[J].兽药市场指南, 2006(5):11-12.
[9] Yang J, Wang J, Liu X S, et al. Study on the efficacy of Macleaya cordata[J]. Chinese Traditional Medi-cine, 1999(2):82-85.杨军,王静,刘信顺,等.博落回的药效研究[J].中药材, 1999(2):82-85.
[10] Yang Y S, Xue F Q. Overview of research on antibiotic feed additives[J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Veteri-nary Medicine, 2000, 19(5):38-41.杨云裳,薛飞群.抗生素饲料添加剂研究概况[J].中兽医医药杂志, 2000, 19(5):38-41.
[11] Li K N. The role and development trend of antibiotic feed additives[J]. World Agriculture, 2005(10):47-50.李凯年.抗生素饲料添加剂的作用及发展趋势[J].世界农业, 2005(10):47-50.
[12] Deng D, Deng Y L. Research progress of alkaloids in Macleaya cordata[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Ecolo-gy, 2009, 30(4):6-8.邓敦,邓跃林.博落回生物碱的研究进展[J].家畜生态学报, 2009, 30(4):6-8.
[13] Zhang S H, Wu P, Wang Q J,et al. Effect of the Ma-cleaya cordata extract on the growth of probiotics[J].Feed Industry, 2018, 39(16):40-43张少航,巫攀,王启军,等.兽用博落回散对常用益生菌生长的影响[J].饲料工业, 2018, 39(16):40-43.
[14] Ouyang L, Sheng L B, Zeng J G. Application prospect of Macleaya cordata in healthy aquaculture[J]. Hunan Feed, 2015(1):28-29.欧阳龙,盛利斌,曾建国.博落回散在健康养殖中的应用前景[J].湖南饲料, 2015(1):28-29.
[15] Li P P, Ge X, Wang J H, et al. Application of feed en-zyme preparation in pig feed[J]. Pig Feed, 2012(3):14-16.李培培,戈新,王建华,等.饲用酶制剂在猪饲料中的应用研究[J].养猪, 2012(3):14-16.
[16] He J, Feng G D, Dou S F, et al. Study on the applica-tion effect of adding enzyme preparations to dietary nutri-tion level of eggs and ducks[J]. Food and Food Indus-try, 2001(9):36-38.何健,冯光德,豆松方,等.降低蛋鸭日粮营养水平添加酶制剂的应用效果研究[J].粮食与饲料工业, 2001(9):36-38.
[17] Wang B H. Application of plant feed anti-nutritionalf factors and feed enzyme preparations[J]. Feed Fair,2005(3):14-17.王宝海.植物性饲料抗营养因子与饲用酶制剂的应用[J].饲料博览, 2005(3):14-17.
[18] Zhan Z C, Zhou Y. Application and future of enzyme preparation in low carbon environmental protection econ-omy[C]//2011 International Symposium on Applica-tion Technology of Feed Enzyme Preparation and Feed Enzyme Preparation Conference. 2011:43-47.詹志春,周樱.酶制剂在低碳环保经济中的应用与未来[C]//2011饲料酶制剂应用技术国际研讨会暨饲料酶制剂大会. 2011:43-47.
[19] Yang P N. Analysis of the application of enzyme prepa-ration in livestock and poultry breeding[J]. Farmer’s Advancement Consultant, 2015(16):66-67.杨丕宁.浅析酶制剂在畜禽养殖中的应用[J].农家致富顾问, 2015(16):66-67.
[20] Zhang B, Rao L Q, Liu G. Research progress of do-mestic feed enzyme preparations[J]. Hunan Agricultur-al Sciences, 2007(2):120-122.张斌,饶力群,刘高.国内饲用酶制剂的研究进展[J].湖南农业科学, 2007(2):120-122.
[21] Birari R, Roy S K, Singh A, et al. Pancreatic lipase in-hibitory alkaloids of Murraya koenigii leaves[J]. Natu-ral Product Communications, 2009, 4(8):1089-1092.
[22] Zhu X Q, Lv J C, Huo S X, et al. Inhibition of pancre-atic lipase by lotus leaf alkaloids[J]. Journal of Shanghai University(Natural Science), 2007, 13(1):85-87.朱晓青,吕敬慈,霍世欣,等.荷叶生物碱对胰脂肪酶的抑制作用[J].上海大学学报(自然科学版), 2007, 13(1):85-87.
[23] Yang W W, Zhang X Y, Ding Y, et al. Evaluation of the inhibitory activity of alkaloids on elastase[J]. Health Report:Medical Edition, 2015.杨文文,张雪霁,丁燕,等.苦木生物碱对弹性蛋白酶的抑制活性评价[J].健康导报:医学版, 2015.
[24] Lin Y. Application and problems of feed antibiotics[J].Feed Research, 2001(4):25-26.林云.饲料抗生素的应用及面临的问题[J].饲料研究, 2001(4):25-26.
[25] Jiang X X, Cao Z H, Lin Q Y, et al. Research prog-ress in the replacement of feed antibiotics by macleaya cordata and its extracts[J]. Anhui Agricultural Scienc-es, 2016, 44(30):127-129.蒋晓旭,曹振辉,林秋叶,等.博落回及其提取物替代饲用抗生素研究进展[J].安徽农业科学, 2016, 44(30):127-129.
[26] Yu J S. Contrast treatment trial of Macleaya cordata preparation on avian cholera and piglet white pheasant[J]. Heilongjiang Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2007(2):91-93.郁建生.博落回制剂对禽霍乱、仔猪白痢的对比治疗试验[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医, 2007(2):91-93.
[27] Hu G C. Effects of Macleaya cordata extract-acidifier compound preparation on performance of lactating sows[J]. Journal of Contemporary Animal Husbandry, 2017(21):23-24.胡光超.博落回提取物-酸化剂复方制剂对哺乳母猪生产性能的影响[J].当代畜牧, 2017(21):23-24.
[28] Khadem A, Soler L, Everaert N, et al. Growth promo-tion in broilers by both oxytetracycline and Macleaya cordata extract is based on their anti-inflammatory prop-erties[J]. Br J Nutr, 2014, 112(7):1110-1118.
[29] Hu R, Wang L J, Wang S J, et al. Development and utilization of enzyme preparation feed products to pro-mote the development of special poultry and poultry breeding industry in Northeast China[J]. Jilin Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2016(12):67-68.胡锐,王丽娟,王淑君,等.开发利用酶制剂饲用产品,促进东北东部特禽珍禽养殖业的发展[J].吉林畜牧兽医, 2016(12):67-68.
[30] Wang W H. New technology of feed enzymes helps healthy development of aquaculture industry![J]. China Rural Science and Technology, 2017(1):11.王雯慧.饲用酶新技术助力养殖行业健康发展![J].中国农村科技, 2017(1):11.
[31] Wang Y H. Development and application practice of feed enzyme preparation in China[J]. Guangdong Feed,2016, 25(2):16-19.王耀辉.我国饲料酶制剂研发与应用实践[J].广东饲料, 2016, 25(2):16-19.