蔬菜穴盘健壮苗识别系统设计与试验
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摘要
蔬菜工厂化育苗过程中,由于种子质量和育苗环境等条件制约造成的弱质苗问题,本文利用机构学、机器视觉、可编程逻辑控制(PLC)等技术,设计了一种蔬菜穴盘健壮苗识别系统。系统主要由穴盘输送机构、图像采集装置、检测与固定装置钵苗分拣剔除机构、自动控制系统和机架等组成。通过激光传感器获取各部件动作信息,实现各执行部件控制时序。基于机器视觉,利用上位机进行健壮苗判别。结合PLC串口通信技术,指示系统进行健壮苗识别与弱质苗剔除工作。试验结果表明:系统可实现穴盘健壮苗自动识别与弱质苗自动剔除,健壮苗识别成功率达到81.0%以上,弱质苗剔除成功率达到75.0%以上。
In order to solve the problem of weak seedling caused by the restriction of seed quality and breeding environment in the process of vegetable factory seedling cultivation,a recognition system of healthy seedling in vegetable plugs was designed by integrating the technology of mechanism,machine vision and programmable logic controller( PLC). The system was mainly consisted of seedling plugs conveying mechanism,image acquisition device,detecting and fixing device,seedling sorting and eliminating mechanism,automatic control system and rack. The movement information of each component was obtained through laser sensor,and the control sequence of each executive component was realized. Based on machine vision,the upper computer was used to distinguish healthy seedlings. Combined with PLC serial communication technology,the system was instructed to identify healthy seedlings and eliminate weak seedlings. The experimental results show that the system can realize the automatic identification of healthy seedlings and the automatic elimination of weak seedlings in plugs. The recognition success rate of healthy seedlings is more than 81. 0%,and the elimination success rate of weak seedlings is more than 75. 0%.
In order to solve the problem of weak seedling caused by the restriction of seed quality and breeding environment in the process of vegetable factory seedling cultivation,a recognition system of healthy seedling in vegetable plugs was designed by integrating the technology of mechanism,machine vision and programmable logic controller( PLC). The system was mainly consisted of seedling plugs conveying mechanism,image acquisition device,detecting and fixing device,seedling sorting and eliminating mechanism,automatic control system and rack. The movement information of each component was obtained through laser sensor,and the control sequence of each executive component was realized. Based on machine vision,the upper computer was used to distinguish healthy seedlings. Combined with PLC serial communication technology,the system was instructed to identify healthy seedlings and eliminate weak seedlings. The experimental results show that the system can realize the automatic identification of healthy seedlings and the automatic elimination of weak seedlings in plugs. The recognition success rate of healthy seedlings is more than 81. 0%,and the elimination success rate of weak seedlings is more than 75. 0%.
引文
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[2]赵有生.蔬菜工厂化育苗的智能管理与综合评价研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2011.
[3]姬江涛,张冕,刘剑君,等.烟草钵苗栽植机直立率影响因素试验[J].河南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2012,33(3):46-49.
[4]于亚波,伍萍辉,冯青春,等.我国蔬菜育苗装备研究应用现状及发展对策[J].农机化研究,2017,39(6):1-6.
[5]孟令强,曲宝茹,王秀芝.无公害蔬菜穴盘工厂化育苗技术[J].北方园艺,2015(12):51-53.
[6]辜松,杨艳丽,张跃峰,等.荷兰蔬菜种苗生产装备系统发展现状及对中国的启示[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(14):185-194.
[7]肖体琼,何春霞,曹光乔,等.机械化生产视角下我国蔬菜产业发展现状及国外模式研究[J].农业现代化研究,2015,36(5):857-861.
[8]JIN X,DU X W,JI J T,et al.Automatic detection and controlling system of pot seedlings for transplanters[J].International agricultural engineering journal,2015,24(2):143-151.
[9]刘海彬,谷新运,徐灿,等.气吸式育苗穴盘自动摆放机的设计与试验[J].农机化研究,2018,40(9):134-138.
[10]张尉,高星星,王锐,等.基于Android的移动苗床智能育苗系统设计[J].中国农机化学报,2018,39(2):74-77.
[11]孙俊,何小飞,谭文军,等.空洞卷积结合全局池化的卷积神经网络识别作物幼苗与杂草[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(11):159-165.
[12]刘中正,侯加林,辛杰,等.智能化设施育苗机设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(S1):136-142.
[13]高原源,王秀,舒象兴,等.育苗穴盘自动清洗装置的设计[J].农机化研究,2017,39(1):63-67.
[14]蒋焕煜,施经挥,任烨,等.机器视觉在幼苗自动移钵作业中的应用[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(5):127-131.
[15]刘立强,项建廷,吴泽全,等.基于颜色特征的健康苗快速识别方法研究[J].农业科技与装备,2016(6):26-28.
[16]侯硕.温室钵苗移栽机器人健康苗图像识别技术研究[D].镇江:江苏大学,2015.
[17]梁喜凤,肖玺泽,朱宇豪,等.子叶期钵苗补苗末端执行器设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(9):49-57.