我国场景消费金融的风险防控研究
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摘要
随着经济结构转型、消费观念升级和金融科技的迅猛发展,在消费金融政策红利的推动下,我国场景消费金融实现快速发展。相对于无场景支撑的"现金贷",与消费场景深度结合的场景消费金融的结构、流程和参与者更为复杂。当前,我国场景消费金融市场的主要风险为用户信用风险、欺诈与套现风险、法律滞后纠纷频发风险、资金流动性风险、金融科技风险和内部管理风险等。形成风险的原因主要有:新兴行业快速发展,忽视行业风险控制;监管体系不够健全,监管套利与法律风险突出;征信体系不够完善,信用风险不断积累;行业内部发展不平衡,风险管理能力良莠不齐;消费者维权意识不强,金融知识匮乏;公司内部控制不足,导致内控风险高企。因此,我国应从宏观和微观两方面加强对场景消费金融的监管。
With the transformation of economic structure,the upgrading of consumption concepts and the rapid development of financial technology,under the promotion of consumer financial policy dividends,China's scenario consumer finance industry has achieved rapid development. Compared with the"cash loan"business without scene support,the structure,process and participants of the scene consumption finance combined with the depth of the consumption scene are more complicated. At present,the main risks of China's scenario consumer financial market are user credit risk,fraud and cash out risk,legal and dispute risk,capital liquidity risk,financial technology's own risk and internal management risk. The main reasons for the formation of risks are as follows: brutal development of scenario consumer finance and neglect of risk control,imperfect regulatory system and prominent regulatory arbitrage and legal risks,imperfect credit reporting system and credit risk accumulation,unbalanced internal development and uneven risk management capabilities,weak awareness of consumer rights protection and lack of financial knowledge,serious inadequate of internal control of the company and upgrading of internal control risk. Therefore,China should strengthen the supervision of the scene consumer finance from both macro and micro aspects.
With the transformation of economic structure,the upgrading of consumption concepts and the rapid development of financial technology,under the promotion of consumer financial policy dividends,China's scenario consumer finance industry has achieved rapid development. Compared with the"cash loan"business without scene support,the structure,process and participants of the scene consumption finance combined with the depth of the consumption scene are more complicated. At present,the main risks of China's scenario consumer financial market are user credit risk,fraud and cash out risk,legal and dispute risk,capital liquidity risk,financial technology's own risk and internal management risk. The main reasons for the formation of risks are as follows: brutal development of scenario consumer finance and neglect of risk control,imperfect regulatory system and prominent regulatory arbitrage and legal risks,imperfect credit reporting system and credit risk accumulation,unbalanced internal development and uneven risk management capabilities,weak awareness of consumer rights protection and lack of financial knowledge,serious inadequate of internal control of the company and upgrading of internal control risk. Therefore,China should strengthen the supervision of the scene consumer finance from both macro and micro aspects.
引文
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[2]王勇.通过发展消费金融扩大居民消费需求[J].经济学动态,2012(8):75-78.
[3]杨才勇,等,著.互联网消费金融:模式与实践[M].北京:中国工信出版集团、电子工业出版社,2016:92.
[4]李园.新理念促进消费金融公司新发展[J].银行家,2018(4):90-91.
[5]程雪军,厉克奥博.论消费信贷、经济周期与法律规制[J].互联网金融法律评论,2017(11):33-52.
[6]袁象.对我国消费金融公司成立的探讨[J].中国证券期货,2010(1):56-57.
[7]刘肖原,等,著.我国社会信用体系建设问题研究[M].北京:知识产权出版社,2016:111-112.
[8]罗伯特·希勒.金融与好的社会[M].束宇,译.北京:中信出版社,2012:前言6.
[9]张杰.我国消费金融发展展望与策略选择[J].经济纵横,2015(7):109-112.
[10]Douglas W. Arner,Janos Barberis,Ross P. Buckley,FinTech,Reg Tech and the Reconceptualization of Financial Regulation,37 Nw. J.Int'l L.&Bus. 371,2017,pp.395-414.
[11]尹振涛.行业视角下的监管科技内涵及趋势[J].当代金融家,2017(11):45-48.
[12]许多奇.金融科技的“破坏性创新”本质与监管科技新思路[J].东方法学,2018(3):4-13.
[13]徐文德,殷文哲.英国金融行为监管局“监管沙箱”主要内容及对互联网金融的启示[J].海南金融,2016(11):54-56.
[14]毛宛苑.消费金融公司的发展与监管[J].中国金融,2016(11):21-23.
[15]王东东.建立P2P网贷平台退出机制的探讨[J].浙江金融,2017(5):32-34.
[16]黄林,董文翰.互联网消费金融:现状、问题与政策建议[J].现代管理科学,2018(8):67-69.
[17]程雪军.论我国场景消费金融发展与风险防范[J].金融与经济,2018(9):9-17.