走航式海洋观测平台设计及其初步应用
|
摘要
缺乏现场海洋观测数据是限制我们进一步认识海洋的瓶颈之一。文章设计了具备远程遥测功能的全自动海洋监测平台,该平台无人值守、采用走航观测方式自动获取长时间序列海洋监测数据。此研究还对该平台进行了近海和远洋走航共两次验证测试。结果表明,该平台稳定可靠、兼容性好,走航数据符合所监测水域的水体特征,可用于探讨相关参数的变化特征,揭示事件和过程的机制机理。如果将该平台搭载于轮渡、渔船等非科考船,则可以在现有海洋技术条件下,高效地获取更大的空间和时间尺度的实时大数据,为解决海洋观测数据缺乏的问题,提供一种技术手段。
The lack of ocean observation data is a bottleneck, which limits our capability to study and explore oceans. We designed a fully-automatic marine-monitoring platform with the remote-telemetry function, which also can auto-obtain ship-borne long time series marine monitoring data. We tested the fully-automatic marine-monitoring platform two times in coastal water and open ocean, which was stable, reliable and compatible according to the data analyzed. The data showed relevant parameters' changes and revealed mechanisms of relevant ocean events and processes. We expect to popularize the platform on ferries, fishing boats/ships and other non-scientific ships, which utilize existing routes and ship-borne observation method to obtain cost-effective and real-time big data on both wide spatial scale and long time series. Based on the present marine technology, it is a new technical solution to the problems of lacking oceanographic data.
The lack of ocean observation data is a bottleneck, which limits our capability to study and explore oceans. We designed a fully-automatic marine-monitoring platform with the remote-telemetry function, which also can auto-obtain ship-borne long time series marine monitoring data. We tested the fully-automatic marine-monitoring platform two times in coastal water and open ocean, which was stable, reliable and compatible according to the data analyzed. The data showed relevant parameters' changes and revealed mechanisms of relevant ocean events and processes. We expect to popularize the platform on ferries, fishing boats/ships and other non-scientific ships, which utilize existing routes and ship-borne observation method to obtain cost-effective and real-time big data on both wide spatial scale and long time series. Based on the present marine technology, it is a new technical solution to the problems of lacking oceanographic data.
引文
崔洪渊,李欣,2004.船载海洋生态环境现场监测集成示范系统硬件平台设计[J].中国海洋大学学报,34(2):313-317.CUI HONGYUAN,LI XIN,2004.Design of the hardware platform of a shipborne integrated system[J].Journal of Ocean University of China,34(2):313-317(in Chinese with English abstract).
侯朝伟,唐诚,邹涛,等,2017.基于FerryBox的渤海海峡水质低成本长期自动监测[J].海洋科学,41(5):59-70.HOU CHAOWEI,TANG CHENG,ZOU TAO,et al,2017.Long-term and low-cost automatic monitoring of water quality in the Bohai Strait using FerryBox[J].Marine Sciences,41(5):59-70(in Chinese with English abstract).
上海海洋科技研究中心(筹),海洋地质国家重点实验室(同济大学),2011.海底观测-科学与技术的结合[M].上海:同济大学出版社:1-272.Shanghai Center of Marine Science&Technology(Preparatory Office),State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology of Tongji University,2011.Seafloor obervation-Science and Technology[M].Shanghai:Tongji University Press:1-272(in Chinese with English abstract).
汪品先,2011.海洋科学和技术协同发展的回顾[J].地球科学进展,26(6):644-649.WANG PINXIAN,2011.Coupled development in marine science and technology:a retrospect[J].Advances in Earth Science,26(6):644-649(in Chinese with English abstract).
CACCHIONE D A,STERNBERG R W,OGSTON A S,2006.Bottom instrumented tripods:History,applications,and impacts[J].Continental Shelf Research,26(17-18):2319-2334.
CURTIN T B,BELCHER E,2008.Innovation in oceanographic instrumentation[J].Oceanography,21(3):44-53.
DETRICK R,FRYE D,COLLINS J,et al,2000,DEOSmoored buoy observatory design study[R].Woods Hole:National Science Foundation/Ocean Science Divi-sion:1-98.http://oceanobservatories.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/DEOS_Moored_Buoy_Ocean_Observatory_Design_Study_2000-08_ver_1-00.pdf
DICKEY T D,ITSWEIRE E C,MOLINE M A,et al,2008,Introduction to the Limnology and Oceanography special issue on autonomous and Lagrangian platforms and sensors(ALPS)[J].Limnology and Oceanography,53(5Part 2):2057-2061.
FISHER A T,WHEAT C G,BECKER K,et al,2005.Scientific and technical design and deployment of long-term subseafloor observatories for hydrogeologic and related experiments,IODP Expedition 301,eastern flank of Juan de Fuca Ridge[C]//FISHER A T,URABE T,KLAUS A.Proceedings of the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Integrated Ocean Drilling Program.College Station,TX:Management International,Inc:301:2.http://www.iodp.tamu.edu/301/EXP_REPT/CHAPTERS/301_103.PDF
GLASGOW H B,BURKHOLDER J M,REED R E,et al,2004.Real-time remote monitoring of water quality:a review of current applications,and advancements in sensor,telemetry,and computing technologies[J].Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology,300(1-2):409-448.
HYDES D J,KELLY-GERREYN B A,COLIJN F,et al,2009.The way forward in developing and integrating ferrybox technologies[C]//HALL J,HARRISON D E,STAMMERD.Proceedings of OceanObs'09:Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society.Venice,Italy:ESA,doi:10.5270/OceanObs09.cwp.46.
JANNASCH H W,COLETTI L J,JOHNSON K S,et al,2008.The Land/Ocean Biogeochemical Observatory:A robust networked mooring system for continuously monitoring complex biogeochemical cycles in estuaries[J].Limnology and Oceanography:Methods,6(7):263-276.
MARTIN S,2014.An introduction to ocean remote sensing[M].2nd ed.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1-496.
MCPHADEN M J,BUSALACCHI A J,CHENEY R,et al,1998.The tropical ocean-global atmosphere observing system:a decade of progress[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans,103(C7):14169-14240.
PERRY M J,RUDNICK D L,2003.Observing the ocean with autonomous and Lagrangian platforms and sensors:the role of ALPS in sustained ocean observing systems[J].Oceanography,16(4):31-36.
WELLER R,TOOLE J,MCCARTNEY M,et al,2000.Outposts in the Ocean[J].Oceanus,42(1):20-23.
侯朝伟,唐诚,邹涛,等,2017.基于FerryBox的渤海海峡水质低成本长期自动监测[J].海洋科学,41(5):59-70.HOU CHAOWEI,TANG CHENG,ZOU TAO,et al,2017.Long-term and low-cost automatic monitoring of water quality in the Bohai Strait using FerryBox[J].Marine Sciences,41(5):59-70(in Chinese with English abstract).
上海海洋科技研究中心(筹),海洋地质国家重点实验室(同济大学),2011.海底观测-科学与技术的结合[M].上海:同济大学出版社:1-272.Shanghai Center of Marine Science&Technology(Preparatory Office),State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology of Tongji University,2011.Seafloor obervation-Science and Technology[M].Shanghai:Tongji University Press:1-272(in Chinese with English abstract).
汪品先,2011.海洋科学和技术协同发展的回顾[J].地球科学进展,26(6):644-649.WANG PINXIAN,2011.Coupled development in marine science and technology:a retrospect[J].Advances in Earth Science,26(6):644-649(in Chinese with English abstract).
CACCHIONE D A,STERNBERG R W,OGSTON A S,2006.Bottom instrumented tripods:History,applications,and impacts[J].Continental Shelf Research,26(17-18):2319-2334.
CURTIN T B,BELCHER E,2008.Innovation in oceanographic instrumentation[J].Oceanography,21(3):44-53.
DETRICK R,FRYE D,COLLINS J,et al,2000,DEOSmoored buoy observatory design study[R].Woods Hole:National Science Foundation/Ocean Science Divi-sion:1-98.http://oceanobservatories.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/DEOS_Moored_Buoy_Ocean_Observatory_Design_Study_2000-08_ver_1-00.pdf
DICKEY T D,ITSWEIRE E C,MOLINE M A,et al,2008,Introduction to the Limnology and Oceanography special issue on autonomous and Lagrangian platforms and sensors(ALPS)[J].Limnology and Oceanography,53(5Part 2):2057-2061.
FISHER A T,WHEAT C G,BECKER K,et al,2005.Scientific and technical design and deployment of long-term subseafloor observatories for hydrogeologic and related experiments,IODP Expedition 301,eastern flank of Juan de Fuca Ridge[C]//FISHER A T,URABE T,KLAUS A.Proceedings of the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Integrated Ocean Drilling Program.College Station,TX:Management International,Inc:301:2.http://www.iodp.tamu.edu/301/EXP_REPT/CHAPTERS/301_103.PDF
GLASGOW H B,BURKHOLDER J M,REED R E,et al,2004.Real-time remote monitoring of water quality:a review of current applications,and advancements in sensor,telemetry,and computing technologies[J].Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology,300(1-2):409-448.
HYDES D J,KELLY-GERREYN B A,COLIJN F,et al,2009.The way forward in developing and integrating ferrybox technologies[C]//HALL J,HARRISON D E,STAMMERD.Proceedings of OceanObs'09:Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society.Venice,Italy:ESA,doi:10.5270/OceanObs09.cwp.46.
JANNASCH H W,COLETTI L J,JOHNSON K S,et al,2008.The Land/Ocean Biogeochemical Observatory:A robust networked mooring system for continuously monitoring complex biogeochemical cycles in estuaries[J].Limnology and Oceanography:Methods,6(7):263-276.
MARTIN S,2014.An introduction to ocean remote sensing[M].2nd ed.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1-496.
MCPHADEN M J,BUSALACCHI A J,CHENEY R,et al,1998.The tropical ocean-global atmosphere observing system:a decade of progress[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans,103(C7):14169-14240.
PERRY M J,RUDNICK D L,2003.Observing the ocean with autonomous and Lagrangian platforms and sensors:the role of ALPS in sustained ocean observing systems[J].Oceanography,16(4):31-36.
WELLER R,TOOLE J,MCCARTNEY M,et al,2000.Outposts in the Ocean[J].Oceanus,42(1):20-23.