重大活动空气质量保障预报会商机制及经验探讨
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摘要
重大活动空气质量保障预报会商已经成为保障过程中的重要环节,旨在以精细化空气质量预报为环境管理部门制定高效可行的区域大气污染管控措施提供关键技术依据。预报会商机制可有效规范区域联动预报会商的开展,在多个重大活动空气质量保障中,预报会商机制已日益完善,尤其是在强化立体化监测网、开展多技术组协同作业、建立多维预报会商流程、提升多种重点污染物预报能力等方面积累了大量宝贵的实践经验。该文首次系统性探讨国内空气质量保障预报会商机制和经验,以期为今后承办重大活动的地区开展空气质量保障预报会商提供借鉴。
Air quality forecast consultation has become an important part of the air quality guarantee for major events, aiming to provide fine air quality forecast information for environmental management department to make efficient and feasible air pollution control measures. Forecast consultation mechanism can effectively standardize the regional linkage of air quality forecast consultation. During the air quality guarantee for several major events over the years, such as Youth Olympic Games, APEC Summit, 9·3 Parade of 70 th anniversary of Victory in Anti-Japanese War, G20 Summit and so on, forecast consultation mechanism has been increasingly improved, accumulating lots of valuable practical experience, especially in strengthening the three-dimensional monitoring network, carrying out multi-technical team work, establishing multi-dimensional forecast consultation process and improving the forecast capacity of various key pollutants. For the first time, this paper systematically summarized and discussed the air quality forecast consultation mechanism and experience in China during air quality guarantee for major events in recent years, in order to provide reference for host cities of similar major events to carry out air quality forecast consultation in the future.
Air quality forecast consultation has become an important part of the air quality guarantee for major events, aiming to provide fine air quality forecast information for environmental management department to make efficient and feasible air pollution control measures. Forecast consultation mechanism can effectively standardize the regional linkage of air quality forecast consultation. During the air quality guarantee for several major events over the years, such as Youth Olympic Games, APEC Summit, 9·3 Parade of 70 th anniversary of Victory in Anti-Japanese War, G20 Summit and so on, forecast consultation mechanism has been increasingly improved, accumulating lots of valuable practical experience, especially in strengthening the three-dimensional monitoring network, carrying out multi-technical team work, establishing multi-dimensional forecast consultation process and improving the forecast capacity of various key pollutants. For the first time, this paper systematically summarized and discussed the air quality forecast consultation mechanism and experience in China during air quality guarantee for major events in recent years, in order to provide reference for host cities of similar major events to carry out air quality forecast consultation in the future.
引文
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[3] 喻义勇,陆晓波,丁峰,等.南京青奥会空气质量保障监测工作体系研究[J].环境监控与预警,2015,7(2):1-3.YU Yiyong,LU Xiaobo,DING Feng,et al.Research on the Nanjing Youth Olympic Games Security Monitoring System for Air Quality[J].Environmental Monitoring and Forewarning,2015,7(2):1-3.
[4] 徐洁.大型盛事空气质量保障工作初探研究[J].环境科学与管理,2014,39(3):160-162.XU Jie.Study on Atmospheric Quality During Grand Events[J].Environmental Science and Management,2014,39(3):160-162.
[5] 喻义勇,陆晓波,丁峰,等.南京青奥会空气质量监测保障的经验与思考[J].环境监测管理与技术,2015,27(1):1-4.YU Yiyong,LU Xiaobo,DING Feng,et al.Experiences and Reflections on Air Quality Monitoring Security for Nanjing Youth Olympic Games[J].Administration and Technique of Environmental Monitoring,2015,27(1):1-4.
[6] 王少毅,曾燕君,琚鸿,等.广州市环境空气监测与预警体系在亚运会中的应用[J].广州环境科学,2011,26(2):1-3,18.WANG Shaoyi,ZENG Yanjun,JU Hong,et al.Application of the Ambient Air Quality Monitoring and Early Warning System of Guangzhou in the Asian Games[J].Guangzhou Environmental Science,2011,26(2):1-3,18.
[7] 王威,杨楠,师耀龙,等.京津冀一次空气重污染过程激光雷达走航观测分析[J].中国环境监测,2017,33(1):7-13.WANG Wei,YANG Nan,SHI Yaolong,et al.Application of Mobile Lidar in Analyzing Regional Pollutants Transportation During a Haze Episode over Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Area[J].Environmental Monitoring in China,2017,33(1):7-13.
[8] 孙峰,张大伟,董欣,等.基于环境监测数据的APEC会议空气质量保障环境改善效果评估[J].中国环境监测,2016,32(3):1-12.SUN Feng,ZHANG Dawei,DONG Xin,et al.Research on Improvement Effects of Assurance Measures on Ambient Air Quality During APEC Based on Environmental Monitoring Data[J].Environmental Monitoring in China,2016,32(3):1-12.
[9] 王浩,李轶,高健,等.APEC 会议期间石家庄市大气污染特征及空气质量保障措施效果评估[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(2):164-174.WANG Hao,LI Yi,GAO Jian,et al.Characteristics of Air Pollution and Evaluation of the Effects of Air Quality Assurance Measures in Shijiazhuang City During the 2014 APEC Meeting[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2016,29(2):164-174.