摘要
为合理利用剑麻麻茎作有机肥还田,采用网袋法和盆栽试验研究了麻茎腐解特性及氮素回收利用率。结果表明,麻茎粉碎还田后240 d,茎部和叶基腐解率均较大,分别高达72.4%、78.9%;茎部氮、磷、钾释放率分别为88.4%、72.7%、94.9%;叶基氮、磷、钾的释放率分别达88.0%、74.4%、95.5%。茎部和叶基快速腐解期均在30 d内,而氮、磷、钾的快速释放期也在30 d内。茎部和叶基不同养分释放速率大小均表现为钾>氮>磷。剑麻吸收的土壤氮比例远高于尿素氮和麻茎氮,而吸收的麻茎氮高于尿素氮。麻茎单施和配施尿素处理的氮素利用率分别为5.1%、4.3%。可见,麻茎还田情况下,可适当降低后茬尿素的用量。
In order to return the sisal stalks into soil properly as the organic fertilizer,the net bag method and pot experiment was carried out to study the decomposition characteristics and nitrogen utilization efficiency of sisal stalks.The results showed that there was a high decomposition rate on the sisal stalks and leaves base,at 240 days after the crushed stalks returning field,which were respectively up to 72.4% and 78.9%.The release rates of N,P and K in the sisal stalks was88.4%,72.7% and 94.9%,respectively.And the release rates of N,P and K in the sisal leaves base was 88.0%,74.4%and 95.5%,respectively.The period of rapid decomposition of the sisal stalks and leaves base were all among 30 days,and the period of quick releasing of N,P and K were also among 30 days.The order of decomposition rates of different nutrients in the sisal stalks and leaves base were K>N>P.The rate of N absorbed from soil was well above the rates from the urea and crushed sisal stalks,and the rate from sisal stalks was higher than the urea.The nitrogen utilization rates of sisal stalks under single and combined application were 5.1% and 4.3%,respectively.In conclusion,the rate of N absorbed from sisal stalks and urea all reduced when the sisal stalks applied combining with urea.
引文
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