不同收获期对饲用小黑麦青干草及青贮品质的影响
|
摘要
为饲用小黑麦在贵州生态草地畜牧业上的推广应用提供依据,选择冀饲311、中新830、黔饲1号3个饲用小黑麦品种,分别在抽穗期、灌浆期和乳熟期刈割,进行常规青贮与青干草调制,90d后对其常规营养成分进行营养品质评价。结果表明:饲用小黑麦制作青贮料的粗蛋白、粗脂肪和粗灰分含量分别为1.6%、0.53%和1.48%,养分损失较少。生育期和品质对饲用小黑麦的营养成分含量和发酵品质均有一定程度影响。不考虑品种因素,饲用小黑麦以抽穗期进行青贮的养分含量较高,但从青贮品质来看,以乳熟期进行青贮品质较好。不考虑生育期影响,饲用小黑麦以冀饲311与黔饲1号的营养成分含量与青贮品质各有优劣。综合考虑,以乳熟期黔饲1号的养分构成最为理想,粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量较高,分别为11.07%和4.81%,粗纤维含量最低,仅22.69%,青贮品质效果最好。
In order to provide references for popularization and application of Triticale in Guizhou,three Triticale varieties,Jisi 311,Zhongxin 830 and Qiansi 1,were employed to make silage and green hay at three different growth stages,earing stage,filling stage and milk stage,respectively.The nutritional components were evaluated 90 dafter silage and green hay were made.Results:The nutrient loss of making silage was less than that of making green hay for Triticale,with 1.6%,0.53%and 1.48%higher in crude protein,ether extract and crude ash respectively.Growth stage and variety made great effects on the contents of nutrition components and the silage quality.Contents of nutrition components was significantly higher for silage made at earing stage if taking no account of the variety factor,while the silage quality was much better for silage made at milk stage.The content of nutrition components and the silage quality was equally good in competition between Jisi 311 and Qiansi 1,irrespective of the effects of growth stage.To sum up,milk stage was more suitable for making silage in Triticale,high in crude protein(11.07%)and ether extract content(4.81%)but low in crude fiber(22.69%),and was easy to get a better silage quality.
In order to provide references for popularization and application of Triticale in Guizhou,three Triticale varieties,Jisi 311,Zhongxin 830 and Qiansi 1,were employed to make silage and green hay at three different growth stages,earing stage,filling stage and milk stage,respectively.The nutritional components were evaluated 90 dafter silage and green hay were made.Results:The nutrient loss of making silage was less than that of making green hay for Triticale,with 1.6%,0.53%and 1.48%higher in crude protein,ether extract and crude ash respectively.Growth stage and variety made great effects on the contents of nutrition components and the silage quality.Contents of nutrition components was significantly higher for silage made at earing stage if taking no account of the variety factor,while the silage quality was much better for silage made at milk stage.The content of nutrition components and the silage quality was equally good in competition between Jisi 311 and Qiansi 1,irrespective of the effects of growth stage.To sum up,milk stage was more suitable for making silage in Triticale,high in crude protein(11.07%)and ether extract content(4.81%)but low in crude fiber(22.69%),and was easy to get a better silage quality.
引文
[1]何江峰,赵萌莉,郑轶慧,等.小黑麦的饲用特性及其在草地生态中的应用前景[J].中国草地学报,2012,34(1):101-107.
[2]孙敏,苗果园,杨珍平,等.小黑麦、黑麦与普通小麦粮用和饲用价值的差异[J].麦类作物学报,2008,28(4):644-648.
[3]王成章,陈桂荣.饲料生产学[M].郑州:河南科学技术出版社,1998:285.
[4]郭勇庆,曹志军,李胜利,等.全株玉米青贮生产与品质评定关键技术-高成本玉米时代牛场技术与管理策略之一[J].中国畜牧杂志,2012,48(18):39-44.
[5]张德玉,李忠秋,刘春龙.影响青贮饲料品质因素的研究进展[J].家畜生态学报,2007,28(1):109-112.
[6]张丽英,饲料分析与饲料质量检测技术[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2007.
[2]孙敏,苗果园,杨珍平,等.小黑麦、黑麦与普通小麦粮用和饲用价值的差异[J].麦类作物学报,2008,28(4):644-648.
[3]王成章,陈桂荣.饲料生产学[M].郑州:河南科学技术出版社,1998:285.
[4]郭勇庆,曹志军,李胜利,等.全株玉米青贮生产与品质评定关键技术-高成本玉米时代牛场技术与管理策略之一[J].中国畜牧杂志,2012,48(18):39-44.
[5]张德玉,李忠秋,刘春龙.影响青贮饲料品质因素的研究进展[J].家畜生态学报,2007,28(1):109-112.
[6]张丽英,饲料分析与饲料质量检测技术[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2007.