湖北农垦农业现代化水平及其制约因素研究
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摘要
农业现代化是国家现代化的基础与保障,农垦是我国农业现代化建设的"排头兵",所以推进农垦的农业现代化建设对于全面建成小康社会、加快经济和社会发展具有重要意义。结合前期研究基础,跟踪湖北农垦农业现代化进程的新进展,本文构建了包含4个一级指标、20个二级指标的农业现代化水平评价指标体系,利用层次分析法(AHP)确定了各级指标的权重,分析2003—2017年湖北农垦农业现代化发展水平,测度探讨影响农业现代化发展的制约因素。结果表明,2003—2017年湖北农垦农业现代化水平整体呈上升趋势。2003年农业现代化综合指标得分为0.532 6,达到初步实现阶段;2014年农业现代化综合指标得分达到0.711 9,进入基本实现阶段;2017年农业现代化综合指标得分提升到0.714 1,但距离完全实现阶段(>0.9)尚有一定的距离。2017年除农业产出水平外,其他一级指标按制约度从高到低排序依次为农业可持续发展水平、农村社会发展水平和农业投入水平,制约度分别为0.499 1、0.295 5和0.205 4;从二级指标来看,劳均耕地面积、城镇化率和农业科技投入占农业增加值比重这几个制约因素的制约度较高,分别为0.390 7、0.246 2和0.180 1,成为阻碍湖北农垦农业现代化发展的最关键因素。因此,针对性地提出了发展资源循环型产业、提升社会公共事业、完善农业科技支撑体系、创建农垦特色产业体系等推动湖北农垦农业现代化建设的政策建议。
State farm is the basis and guarantee of China's national modernization and the leading force for agricultural modernization.Therefore,promoting the development of modern agriculture is of great significance to building a welloff society and accelerating the economic and social development.Based on previous research and tracked the new progress,this paper built an evaluation index system,including 4 first level indexes and 20 second level ones,evaluated the development level of agricultural mod-ernization of state farms from 2003 to 2017 in Hubei and discussed the change of main restrictive factors.Results show that:from 2003 to 2017,the agricultural modernization level of state farms increased overall.In 2003,the comprehensive index was 0.532 6,showing a preliminary realization stage.In 2014,the comprehensive index was 0.711 9,reaching a basic realization stage.In 2017,the index increased to 0.714 1,meaning that there was still a big gap to the fully realized stage(>0.9).Currently,the 1 st level indexes,except the level of agricultural output,are ranked from high to low by the restriction degree as follows:the level of sustainable agricultural development,the level of rural social development,and the level of agricultural inputs,with degrees as 0.499 1,0.295 5 and 0.205 4,respectively.For the 2 nd level indexes,the following ones have high restriction degrees:the size of cultivated land,the level of urbanization,and the proportion of agricultural scientific and technological input to the increment of agriculture,with degrees of 0.390 7,0.246 2 and 0.180 1,respectively.Therefore,to promote agricultural modernization of state farms in Hubei,this paper provides the following policy suggestions:to develop resource circulating industry,to promote social public utilities,to perfect agricultural science and tech-nology supporting system,and to establish a state farm characteristic industry system.
State farm is the basis and guarantee of China's national modernization and the leading force for agricultural modernization.Therefore,promoting the development of modern agriculture is of great significance to building a welloff society and accelerating the economic and social development.Based on previous research and tracked the new progress,this paper built an evaluation index system,including 4 first level indexes and 20 second level ones,evaluated the development level of agricultural mod-ernization of state farms from 2003 to 2017 in Hubei and discussed the change of main restrictive factors.Results show that:from 2003 to 2017,the agricultural modernization level of state farms increased overall.In 2003,the comprehensive index was 0.532 6,showing a preliminary realization stage.In 2014,the comprehensive index was 0.711 9,reaching a basic realization stage.In 2017,the index increased to 0.714 1,meaning that there was still a big gap to the fully realized stage(>0.9).Currently,the 1 st level indexes,except the level of agricultural output,are ranked from high to low by the restriction degree as follows:the level of sustainable agricultural development,the level of rural social development,and the level of agricultural inputs,with degrees as 0.499 1,0.295 5 and 0.205 4,respectively.For the 2 nd level indexes,the following ones have high restriction degrees:the size of cultivated land,the level of urbanization,and the proportion of agricultural scientific and technological input to the increment of agriculture,with degrees of 0.390 7,0.246 2 and 0.180 1,respectively.Therefore,to promote agricultural modernization of state farms in Hubei,this paper provides the following policy suggestions:to develop resource circulating industry,to promote social public utilities,to perfect agricultural science and tech-nology supporting system,and to establish a state farm characteristic industry system.
引文
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[2]辛岭,王济民.我国县域农业现代化发展水平评价--基于全国1980个县的实证分析[J].农业现代化研究,2014,35(6):673-678.Xin L,Wang J M.Evaluation on agricultural modernization level of China's counties:Based on empirical analysis of nationwide1980 counties[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2014,35(6):673-678.
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[6]杨万江.中国特色农业现代化建设的有益探索--以浙江省农业现代化综合评价指标体系为例[J].湖州师范学院学报,2014,36(11):1-9.Yang W J.The Chinese-characterized agricultural modernizationWith a comprehensive evaluation index system in Zhejiang Province as an example[J].Journal of Huzhou University,2014,36(11):1-9.
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[8]曾福生,刘俊辉.湖南省“四化”同步协调发展测度及其影响因素研究--基于农业现代化视角[J].农业经济与管理,2018(1):58-66.Zeng F S,Liu J H.Research in synchronization and development of“Four-modernization”of Hunan Province and its influential factors-Based on perspective of agricultural modernization[J].Agricultural Economics and Management,2018(1):58-66.
[9]王力.新疆兵团农业现代化的进程分析与模式选择--对农垦系统农业现代化实现路径的思考[J].农业技术经济,2013(4):93-101.Wang L.Process analysis and model selection of agricultural modernization in Xinjiang Production and Construction CorpsThoughts on the realization path of agricultural modernization of farming system[J].Journal of Agrotechnical Economics,2013(4):93-101.
[10]王一夫,王新利.黑龙江垦区农业现代化发展水平分析[J].黑龙江八一农垦大学学报,2014,26(1):99-104.Wang Y F,Wang X L.Analysis of agricultural modernization development level in Heilongjiang reclamation[J].Journal of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,2014,26(1):99-104.
[11]黄建辉.推进农垦农业现代化的思考和实践--以广东省广前糖业发展有限公司为例[J].广东农工商职业技术学院学报,2017,33(3):5-9.Huang J H.Thinking and practice of promoting agricultural modernization for Guangqian company in Guangdong agribusiness[J].Journal of Guangdong Agriculture Industry Business Polytechnic,2017,33(3):5-9.
[12]曾梦玲.湖北省农垦现代农业发展水平的测度及提升路径研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2012.Zeng M L.The research on the measure and upgrade path of the modern agriculture level of Hubei reclamation[D].Wuhan:Huazhong Agricultural University,2012.
[13]曾梦玲,郑炎成.湖北农垦现代农业发展水平的测度、分析与展望[J].农业展望,2011(8):25-30.Zeng M L,Zheng Y C.Measurement,analysis and prospect of modern agricultural development level of state farms in Hubei Province[J].Agricultural Outlook,2011(8):25-30.
[14]张开华,郑甘甜.传统农区新型城镇化与农业现代化耦合协调路径研究[J].华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2017(4):123-129.Zhang K H,Zheng G T.On the coupling coordination of new urbanization and agricultural modernization in traditional rural areas[J].Journal of East China Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition),2017(4):123-129.
[15]辛岭,胡志全.我国农业现代化与城镇化协调发展研究--基于1996-2013年数据的实证分析[J].北京联合大学学报(人文社会科学版),2016,14(4):95-102.Xin L,Hu Z Q.The coordinated development of urbanization and agricultural modernization in China-An empirical analysis according to the date of 1996-2013[J].Journal of Beijing Union University(Humanities and Social Sciences),2016,14(4):95-102.
[16]韦凤琴,张红丽.新疆生产建设兵团现代农业评价指标体系的构建及测评[J].生态经济(学术版),2010(1):142-144.Wei F Q,Zhang H L.The construction and measurement on the assessment indicator system of modern agriculture in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps[J].Ecological Economy,2010(1):142-144.
[17]张熠,王先甲.湖北省农业现代化评价指标体系构建及评价研究[J].数学的实践与认识,2016,46(3):154-159.Zhang Y,Wang X J.Research on establishing index system and evaluating of agricultural modernization in Hubei Province[J].Mathematics in Practice and Theory,2016,46(3):154-159.
[18]谭爱花,李万明,谢芳.我国农业现代化评价指标体系的设计[J].干旱区资源与环境,2011,25(10):7-14.Tan A H,Li W M,Xie F.A design of China's agricultural modernization evaluation index system[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2011,25(10):7-14.
[19]王国敏,卢婷婷.我国东部地区农业现代化发展水平的定量测评与实证分析[J].上海行政学院学报,2012,13(6):64-74.Wang G M,Lu T T.Quantitative evaluation and empirical analysis about agricultural modernization development in eastern China[J].The Journal of Shanghai Administration Institute,2012,13(6):64-74.
[20]吕杰,赵红巍.辽宁省农业现代化水平测度及对策研究[J].辽宁大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2014,42(1):74-84.LüJ,Zhao H W.On the development of agricultural modernization in Liaoning Province[J].Journal of Liaoning University(Philosophy and Social Sciences),2014,42(1):74-84.
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