紫色丘陵区典型旱地土壤有机碳矿化对突发性变温的响应
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摘要
以紫色土为供试土壤,采用室内培养的方法,设置恒温20℃(HW)、突发性降温(20℃→10℃)(BW1)和突发性升温(20℃→30℃)(BW2)3个温度处理,研究了突发性变温下紫色丘陵区典型旱地土壤(紫色土)的有机碳矿化特征。其中温度突变的具体设置为:待20℃恒温培养至土壤有机碳矿化(Soil organic carbon,SOC)速率基本平稳且维持在较低水平时(第29天),将培养温度分别突降至10℃和突升至30℃,继续培养47d。结果表明,突发性变温对紫色土SOC矿化有显著影响(P<0.05),在变温当天(第30天),突发性升温(BW2)处理对紫色土SOC矿化有明显促进作用,而突发性降温(BW1)处理则会明显削弱紫色土SOC矿化,二者的SOC矿化速率分别较恒温(HW)处理提高了225.1%,降低了38.5%;变温后的培养初期(第30~44天),各温度处理间的SOC累积矿化量存在显著差异(P<0.05),与HW处理相比,BW2和BW1处理中紫色土SOC累积矿化量的变幅分别为+140.5%(升高)和-55.3%(降低);随培养时间的延续,各处理间的SOC累积矿化量未发现明显差异。表明突发性变温对紫色土SOC矿化的影响具有一定的时限性,其影响时长在2周左右。结合矿化动力学分析可知,同恒温相比,突发性变温主要通过改变土壤易分解有机碳库(C0)大小进而影响紫色土SOC矿化。
The purple soil was used as the test soil.An incubation experiment in the laboratory was conducted to explore the effects of sudden temperature change on soil organic carbon mineralization of the typical dry land soil(purple soil)sampled from the purple hilly region.Experiment consisted of three treatments,that was,treatment HW(constant temperature 20 ℃),treatment BW1(a sudden cooling from 20 ℃ to 10 ℃)and treatment BW2(a sudden warming from 20 ℃ to 30 ℃).In treatment BW1 and treatment BW2,the sudden temperature change both happened when soil organic carbon(SOC)mineralization rate was basically stable and maintained a relatively lower level at the temperature of 20℃(29th day).After the sudden temperature change,treatment BW1,treatment BW2 and treatment HW was cultivated for another 47 d.The results showed that sudden temperature change had a notable effect on purple soil SOC mineralization(P <0.05).More specifically,treatment BW2 had significantly promoted soil SOC mineralization,however,treatment BW1 dramatically impaired that.Compared with the constant temperature(HW)treatment,the SOC mineralization rates of the two increased by 225.1% and decreased by 38.5%.There was a significant difference in the amount of SOC accumulated mineralization between each temperature treatment(P<0.05)within initial stage after sudden temperature change(30th—44th day).And compared to accumulated soil SOC mineralization in treatment HW,that in treatment BW2 and treatment BW1 increased by 40.5% and decreased by 55.3%respectively.But with the extension of the culture time,the amount of SOC accumulation in each treatment did not find a significant difference.Indicated that the effect of sudden temperaturechange on purple soil SOC mineralization was time-bounded,which remained around two weeks.Combined with mineralization kinetic data,the results showed that sudden temperature change affected SOC mineralization by changing the labile SOC pool size.
The purple soil was used as the test soil.An incubation experiment in the laboratory was conducted to explore the effects of sudden temperature change on soil organic carbon mineralization of the typical dry land soil(purple soil)sampled from the purple hilly region.Experiment consisted of three treatments,that was,treatment HW(constant temperature 20 ℃),treatment BW1(a sudden cooling from 20 ℃ to 10 ℃)and treatment BW2(a sudden warming from 20 ℃ to 30 ℃).In treatment BW1 and treatment BW2,the sudden temperature change both happened when soil organic carbon(SOC)mineralization rate was basically stable and maintained a relatively lower level at the temperature of 20℃(29th day).After the sudden temperature change,treatment BW1,treatment BW2 and treatment HW was cultivated for another 47 d.The results showed that sudden temperature change had a notable effect on purple soil SOC mineralization(P <0.05).More specifically,treatment BW2 had significantly promoted soil SOC mineralization,however,treatment BW1 dramatically impaired that.Compared with the constant temperature(HW)treatment,the SOC mineralization rates of the two increased by 225.1% and decreased by 38.5%.There was a significant difference in the amount of SOC accumulated mineralization between each temperature treatment(P<0.05)within initial stage after sudden temperature change(30th—44th day).And compared to accumulated soil SOC mineralization in treatment HW,that in treatment BW2 and treatment BW1 increased by 40.5% and decreased by 55.3%respectively.But with the extension of the culture time,the amount of SOC accumulation in each treatment did not find a significant difference.Indicated that the effect of sudden temperaturechange on purple soil SOC mineralization was time-bounded,which remained around two weeks.Combined with mineralization kinetic data,the results showed that sudden temperature change affected SOC mineralization by changing the labile SOC pool size.
引文
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[14]刘少冲,段文标,钟春艳,等.阔叶红松林不同大小林隙土壤温度、水分、养分及微生物动态变化[J].水土保持学报,2012,26(5):79-89.
[15]Liu Y,Tang Y,Lu Q,et al.Effects of temperature and soil moisture on wetland soil organic carbon mineralization[J].Journal of Anhui Agriculture,2011,39(7):3896-3927.
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[17]杨凯,朱教君,张金鑫,等.不同林龄落叶松人工林土壤微生物生物量碳氮的季节变化[J].生态学报,2009,29(10):5500-5507.
[18]葛序娟,潘剑君,邬建红,等.培养温度对水稻土有机碳矿化参数的影响研究[J].土壤通报,2015,46(3):562-569.
[2]姜勇,庄秋丽,梁文举.农田生态系统土壤有机碳库及其影响因子[J].生态学杂志,2007,26(2):278-285.
[3]邬建红,潘剑君,葛序娟,等.不同土地利用方式下土壤有机碳矿化及其温度敏感性[J].水土保持学报,2015,29(3):130-135.
[4]王丹,吕瑜良,徐丽,等.水分和温度对若尔盖湿地和草甸土壤碳矿化的影响[J].生态学报,2013,33(20):6436-6443.
[5]郭冬楠,臧淑英,赵光影,等.冻融作用对小兴安岭湿地土壤溶解性有机碳和氮素矿化的影响[J].水土保持学报,2015,29(5):260-265.
[6]Ci E,Alkaisi M M,Wang L G,et al.Soil organic carbon mineralization as affected by cyclical temperature fluctuations in a karst region of Southwestern China[J].Pedosphere,2015,25(4):512-523.
[7]王苑,宋新山,王君,等.干湿交替对土壤碳库和有机碳矿化的影响[J].土壤学报,2014,51(2):342-350.
[8]Zhu B,Cheng W.Constant and diurnally-varying temperature regimes lead to different temperature sensitivities of soil organic carbon decomposition[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2011,43(4):866-869.
[9]Reichstein M,Bednorz F,Broll G,et al.Temperature dependence of carbon mineralisation:conclusions from a long-term incubation of subalpine soil samples[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2000,32(7):947-958.
[10]尹文有,田文涛,琚建华.西南地区不同地形台阶气温时空变化特征[J].气候变化研究进展,2010,6(6):429-435.
[11]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000.
[12]郭剑芬,陈玲,林雪婷,等.温度对武夷山不同海拔土壤有机碳矿化的影响[J].亚热带资源与环境学报,2012,7(3):1-7.
[13]李顺姬,邱莉萍,张兴昌.黄土高原土壤有机碳矿化及其与土壤理化性质的关系[J].生态学报,2010,30(5):1217-1226.
[14]刘少冲,段文标,钟春艳,等.阔叶红松林不同大小林隙土壤温度、水分、养分及微生物动态变化[J].水土保持学报,2012,26(5):79-89.
[15]Liu Y,Tang Y,Lu Q,et al.Effects of temperature and soil moisture on wetland soil organic carbon mineralization[J].Journal of Anhui Agriculture,2011,39(7):3896-3927.
[16]Kemmitt S J,Lanyon C V,Waite I S,et al.Mineralization of native soil organic matter is not regulated by the size,activity or composition of the soil microbial biomass-a new perspective[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2008,40(1):61-73.
[17]杨凯,朱教君,张金鑫,等.不同林龄落叶松人工林土壤微生物生物量碳氮的季节变化[J].生态学报,2009,29(10):5500-5507.
[18]葛序娟,潘剑君,邬建红,等.培养温度对水稻土有机碳矿化参数的影响研究[J].土壤通报,2015,46(3):562-569.