水平荷载作用下装配式风机基础受力性状研究
|
摘要
装配式风机基础作为一种新型基础形式,具有环保、节能及高效等优势。但其能否在水平荷载作用下保持足够的刚度与承载力仍鲜有研究。本研究运用有限元计算与理论分析相结合的方法,探究了装配式风机基础的水平受力性状。研究结果表明:水平荷载作用下,装配式基础变形特征类似于埋入式筒型基础,且与现浇基础相比,装配式混凝土基础的受力状况并未变差。装配式风机基础在较低荷载作用下,前侧土体主要发生弹性变形,土压力分布呈近似线性减小;在较大加载条件下,前侧土体屈服,土压力先增大后减小。通过理论分析验算了装配件薄弱接触面间的抗剪性能,结果表明,充足的预应力可以使装配式基础具备足够的抗剪强度。最后利用极限平衡法,通过理论推导,求解出基础水平承载力理论值,并与有限元结果对比,二者基本一致,表明了水平承载理论分析方法的正确性。
As a new type, the prefabricated wind turbine foundation is advanced with eco-friendly, energy-reservation and high efficiency, but there are few researches whether the prefabricated wind turbine foundation is adequate on stiffness and capacity under lateral load. The behavior of the prefabricated wind turbine foundation under lateral force is studied in this paper by FEM and theoretical analysis. The results show that the deformation behavior of prefabricated foundation under the lateral load is similar to the embedded bucket foundation. Comparing with the cast-in-situ concrete foundation, the stress state of prefabricated concrete foundation did not become worse. The front soil pressure of the foundation shows an approximate linear decrease with depth when the lateral load is low, and the deformation of soil is mostly elastic. The front soil pressure increase first and then decrease when the load is high, which means the soil has reached yield limit. Basing on theoretical analysis, the shear performance of the contact surfaces between adjacent prefabricated blocks was checked, and the results show that the shear capacity of prefabricated foundation could be obtained by sufficient prestress applied. Finally, the theoretical values of ultimate bearing capacity under the lateral load is determined according to theoretical deduction of limit equilibrium method, and the results of theoretical calculation are turned out to be correct comparing with the results from FEM.
As a new type, the prefabricated wind turbine foundation is advanced with eco-friendly, energy-reservation and high efficiency, but there are few researches whether the prefabricated wind turbine foundation is adequate on stiffness and capacity under lateral load. The behavior of the prefabricated wind turbine foundation under lateral force is studied in this paper by FEM and theoretical analysis. The results show that the deformation behavior of prefabricated foundation under the lateral load is similar to the embedded bucket foundation. Comparing with the cast-in-situ concrete foundation, the stress state of prefabricated concrete foundation did not become worse. The front soil pressure of the foundation shows an approximate linear decrease with depth when the lateral load is low, and the deformation of soil is mostly elastic. The front soil pressure increase first and then decrease when the load is high, which means the soil has reached yield limit. Basing on theoretical analysis, the shear performance of the contact surfaces between adjacent prefabricated blocks was checked, and the results show that the shear capacity of prefabricated foundation could be obtained by sufficient prestress applied. Finally, the theoretical values of ultimate bearing capacity under the lateral load is determined according to theoretical deduction of limit equilibrium method, and the results of theoretical calculation are turned out to be correct comparing with the results from FEM.
引文
[1] 王民浩, 陈观福. 我国风力发电机组地基基础设计[J]. 水力发电, 2008, 34(11): 88～91.Wang Minhao, Chen Guanfu. Design of foundation of wind power generating unit in China[J]. Water Power, 2008, 34(11): 88～91. (in Chinese)
[2] 何杰, 潘霄, 陶铁铃. 风力发电机无张力灌注桩基础数值分析[J]. 人民长江, 2015, 46(11): 48～51.He Jie, Pan Xiao, Tao Tieling. Numerical analysis of tension-free bored pile of wind turbine[J]. Yangtze River, 2015, 46(11): 48～51. (in Chinese)
[3] 鲁先龙, 乾增珍, 童瑞铭. 混凝土预制装配式扩展基础抗拔试验[J]. 工程力学, 2013, 30(1): 215～220.Lu Xianlong, Qian Zengzhen, Tong Ruiming. Pullout behavior of precast concrete assembly spread foundation[J]. Engineering Mechanics, 2013, 30(1): 215～220. (in Chinese)
[4] 程永锋, 丁士君. 沙漠地区风积沙地基输电线路装配式基础真型试验研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2012, 33(11): 3230～3236.Cheng Yongfeng, Ding Shijun. Prototype tests of assembly foundation of transmission line in aeolian sand area[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2012, 33(11): 3230～3236. (in Chinese)
[5] 卢正, 姚海林, 何卫东等. 一种组装式预应力锚索风机基础装置[P].中国: 201520814603.5, 2016.2.24.Lu Zheng, Yao Hailin, He Weidong et al. A prefabricated foundatiaon of wind turbines with pre-stress anchor[P]. China: 201520814603.5, 2016.2.24. (in Chinese)
[6] 李建党. 无张力混凝土薄壁圆筒型风力发电机组基础计算分析[D]. 西安: 西安理工大学, 2013. Li Jiandang. Tension-walled cylindrical concrete calculated on the basis of wind turbines[D]. Xi’an: Xi’an University of Technology, 2013. (in Chinese)
[7] 朱向荣, 王金昌. ABAQUS软件中部分土模型简介及其工程应用[J]. 岩土力学, 2004, 25(增刊2): 144～148.Zhu Xiangrong, Wang Jinchang. Introduction to partly soil models in ABAQUS software and their application to the geotechnical engineering[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2004, 25(Z2): 144～148. (in Chinese)
[8] 张兴其. 桩土相互作用的接触分析研究与应用[D]. 南京: 河海大学, 2007.Zhang Xingqi. Study and application of contact analysis of pile and soil interaction[D]. Nanjing: Hohai University, 2007. (in Chinese)
[9] 李火兵,贺怀建,徐文强等.基于实体模型的基桩动测曲线ABAQUS数值模拟及其应用[J]. 工程勘察,2011,39(9):87～90.Li Huobing, He Huaijian, Xu Wenqiang et al. Application and ABAQUS numerical simulation for the curves of dynamic pile testing based on entity model[J]. Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying, 2011,39(9):87～90. (in Chinese)
[10] 朱华,邓成发. 门架式双排桩围护结构的三维有限元分析[J]. 工程勘察, 2011,39(1):21～25.Zhu Hua, Deng Chengfa. 3D finite element analysis of portal double row piles[J]. Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying, 2011,39(1):21～25. (in Chinese)
[11] 中华人民共和国行业标准. 建筑桩基技术规范(JGJ 94-2008)[S]. 北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2008.The Professional Standards of the People′s Republic of China. Technical code for building pile foundation (JGJ 94-2008)[S]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2008. (in Chinese)
[12] 孙曦源. 水平荷载作用下软土地基中桶形基础工作机理及承载性能研究[D]. 大连: 大连理工大学, 2009.Sun Xiyuan. Study on working mechanism and bearing capacity performance of bucket foundation in soft ground under lateral loads[D]. Dalian: Dalian University of Technology, 2009. (in Chinese)
[13] 刘梅梅. 海上风机复合筒型基础承载力及优化设计研究[D]. 天津: 天津大学, 2014.Liu Meimei. Research on bearing capacity and optimization design of composite foundation for offshore wind turbines[D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2014. (in Chinese)
[14] 李灿. 大直径钢管桩水平承载力特性研究[D]. 大连: 大连理工大学, 2012.Li Can. Study on horizontal bearing capacity of large diameter steel pipe piles[D]. Dalian: Dalian University of Technology, 2012. (in Chinese)
[15] 刘鸿文. 材料力学[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2011.Liu Hongwen. Mechanics of materials[M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2011. (in Chinese)
[16] 祝振宇, 闫乃凌. 考虑土体剪切作用下桶形基础水平承载力研究[J]. 港工技术, 2005,(4): 43～45.Zhu Zhenyu, Yan Nailing. Research on the horizontal bearing capacity of bucket foundations under the soil shearing effect[J]. Port Industry Technology, 2005,(4): 43～45. (in Chinese)
[17] 王梓源. 预制装配式塔桅结构基础抗倾覆性能研究[D]. 徐州:中国矿业大学, 2011.Wang Ziyuan. Study on overturing resistance of precast fabricated tower mast foundation[D]. Xuzhou: China University of Mining and Technology, 2011. (in Chinese)
[2] 何杰, 潘霄, 陶铁铃. 风力发电机无张力灌注桩基础数值分析[J]. 人民长江, 2015, 46(11): 48～51.He Jie, Pan Xiao, Tao Tieling. Numerical analysis of tension-free bored pile of wind turbine[J]. Yangtze River, 2015, 46(11): 48～51. (in Chinese)
[3] 鲁先龙, 乾增珍, 童瑞铭. 混凝土预制装配式扩展基础抗拔试验[J]. 工程力学, 2013, 30(1): 215～220.Lu Xianlong, Qian Zengzhen, Tong Ruiming. Pullout behavior of precast concrete assembly spread foundation[J]. Engineering Mechanics, 2013, 30(1): 215～220. (in Chinese)
[4] 程永锋, 丁士君. 沙漠地区风积沙地基输电线路装配式基础真型试验研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2012, 33(11): 3230～3236.Cheng Yongfeng, Ding Shijun. Prototype tests of assembly foundation of transmission line in aeolian sand area[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2012, 33(11): 3230～3236. (in Chinese)
[5] 卢正, 姚海林, 何卫东等. 一种组装式预应力锚索风机基础装置[P].中国: 201520814603.5, 2016.2.24.Lu Zheng, Yao Hailin, He Weidong et al. A prefabricated foundatiaon of wind turbines with pre-stress anchor[P]. China: 201520814603.5, 2016.2.24. (in Chinese)
[6] 李建党. 无张力混凝土薄壁圆筒型风力发电机组基础计算分析[D]. 西安: 西安理工大学, 2013. Li Jiandang. Tension-walled cylindrical concrete calculated on the basis of wind turbines[D]. Xi’an: Xi’an University of Technology, 2013. (in Chinese)
[7] 朱向荣, 王金昌. ABAQUS软件中部分土模型简介及其工程应用[J]. 岩土力学, 2004, 25(增刊2): 144～148.Zhu Xiangrong, Wang Jinchang. Introduction to partly soil models in ABAQUS software and their application to the geotechnical engineering[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2004, 25(Z2): 144～148. (in Chinese)
[8] 张兴其. 桩土相互作用的接触分析研究与应用[D]. 南京: 河海大学, 2007.Zhang Xingqi. Study and application of contact analysis of pile and soil interaction[D]. Nanjing: Hohai University, 2007. (in Chinese)
[9] 李火兵,贺怀建,徐文强等.基于实体模型的基桩动测曲线ABAQUS数值模拟及其应用[J]. 工程勘察,2011,39(9):87～90.Li Huobing, He Huaijian, Xu Wenqiang et al. Application and ABAQUS numerical simulation for the curves of dynamic pile testing based on entity model[J]. Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying, 2011,39(9):87～90. (in Chinese)
[10] 朱华,邓成发. 门架式双排桩围护结构的三维有限元分析[J]. 工程勘察, 2011,39(1):21～25.Zhu Hua, Deng Chengfa. 3D finite element analysis of portal double row piles[J]. Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying, 2011,39(1):21～25. (in Chinese)
[11] 中华人民共和国行业标准. 建筑桩基技术规范(JGJ 94-2008)[S]. 北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2008.The Professional Standards of the People′s Republic of China. Technical code for building pile foundation (JGJ 94-2008)[S]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2008. (in Chinese)
[12] 孙曦源. 水平荷载作用下软土地基中桶形基础工作机理及承载性能研究[D]. 大连: 大连理工大学, 2009.Sun Xiyuan. Study on working mechanism and bearing capacity performance of bucket foundation in soft ground under lateral loads[D]. Dalian: Dalian University of Technology, 2009. (in Chinese)
[13] 刘梅梅. 海上风机复合筒型基础承载力及优化设计研究[D]. 天津: 天津大学, 2014.Liu Meimei. Research on bearing capacity and optimization design of composite foundation for offshore wind turbines[D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2014. (in Chinese)
[14] 李灿. 大直径钢管桩水平承载力特性研究[D]. 大连: 大连理工大学, 2012.Li Can. Study on horizontal bearing capacity of large diameter steel pipe piles[D]. Dalian: Dalian University of Technology, 2012. (in Chinese)
[15] 刘鸿文. 材料力学[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2011.Liu Hongwen. Mechanics of materials[M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2011. (in Chinese)
[16] 祝振宇, 闫乃凌. 考虑土体剪切作用下桶形基础水平承载力研究[J]. 港工技术, 2005,(4): 43～45.Zhu Zhenyu, Yan Nailing. Research on the horizontal bearing capacity of bucket foundations under the soil shearing effect[J]. Port Industry Technology, 2005,(4): 43～45. (in Chinese)
[17] 王梓源. 预制装配式塔桅结构基础抗倾覆性能研究[D]. 徐州:中国矿业大学, 2011.Wang Ziyuan. Study on overturing resistance of precast fabricated tower mast foundation[D]. Xuzhou: China University of Mining and Technology, 2011. (in Chinese)