经典电偶极子在交变电场下的运动
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摘要
对受弹性恢复力约束的经典电偶极子在交变电场作用下的运动进行了研究,考虑了偶极子粒子由于加速运动而激发的电场对偶极子运动的影响。通过对低速运动带电粒子激发的电磁场及所受电磁阻尼力的分析,建立偶极子运动方程并求解,分析了偶极子在交变电场中的运动特点。结果表明:偶极子粒子在轴向和横向上的运动除随外场的振动外,还存在衰减和不同相位的运动分量。同时,对偶极子在静场或准静场条件下的转向特征进行了讨论,证明其转向速度与偶极子初始运动状态及偶极矩与外场夹角相关。
The classic dipole movement under alternating electric field was discussed with bond of elastic recovery force,and the influences from the excited electric fields by the dipole acceleration movement were considered. By solving the motion equations,the behaviors of dipole demonstrate that the dipole is forced to move in company with the external electric field while some attenuation and phase difference components exist. The redirection of the dipole moment was also investigated when electrostatic field or quasi-electrostatic field was applied. The velocity of dipole redirection varies with its initial conditions and the angle between the direction of field and dipole moment.
The classic dipole movement under alternating electric field was discussed with bond of elastic recovery force,and the influences from the excited electric fields by the dipole acceleration movement were considered. By solving the motion equations,the behaviors of dipole demonstrate that the dipole is forced to move in company with the external electric field while some attenuation and phase difference components exist. The redirection of the dipole moment was also investigated when electrostatic field or quasi-electrostatic field was applied. The velocity of dipole redirection varies with its initial conditions and the angle between the direction of field and dipole moment.
引文
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[12]黄昆,韩汝琦.固体物理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2010.
[2]DAVID J G.Introduction to Electrodynamics[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2016.
[3]邹文栋,王立法.偶极子-偶极子库仑相互作用能及其电动力学特性[J].南昌航空大学学报,2008,22(4):32-35.
[4]MOGILATOV V S,ZOLBINSKY A V.A circular electric dipole:a transmitter for TEM surveys[J].Russian Geology and Geophysics,2014,55(1):1340-1346.
[5]吴才章,叶梅,叶虎年.扫描近场光学显微镜的光耦合偶极子模型[J].光子学报,2005,34(10):1546-1549.
[6]周艳丽,熊畅.电介质极化现象的微观机制讨论[J].大学物理,2015,34(6):9-12.
[7]CHEN Y,XIE S X,WANG H M,et al.Dielectric abnormality and ferroelectric asymmetry in W/Cr co-doped Bi4Ti3O12ceramics based on the effect of defect dipoles[J].Journal of Alloys and Compunds,2017,696:746-753.
[8]POZZI G,BELEGGIA M,KASAMA T,et al.Interferometric methods for mapping static electric and magnetic fields[J].Comptes rendus physique,2014,15(2):126-139.
[9]晏光辉,刘志环,姜东光.匀速运动的电偶极子的电场与磁场分布[J].物理与工程,2006,3(5):22-26.
[10]任恒峰,王清亮,连润明,等.外电场下电偶极子运动规律研究[J].商丘师范学院学报,2012,28(9):38-41.
[11]高守恩,杨建宋.量子力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2014.
[12]黄昆,韩汝琦.固体物理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2010.