海南岛西部山区人工催化暖底积云随机化效果检验
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摘要
2015—2016年在海南省昌江县霸王岭开展地面暖云烟炉随机化人工催化效果检验,共取得催化和未催化试验样本34个。利用TITAN风暴追踪系统结合自动雨量资料进行统计和物理效果分析。结果表明:催化样本影响区平均增雨量为3.36mm/2h,未催化样本平均增雨量为2.97mm/2h,催化比未催化样本平均增加雨量0.39mm,相对增加11.4%,显著性分析差异显著;对于增长阶段的积雨云,催化样本反射率增强、含水量增大、回波顶高升高;处于减弱阶段的积云,多数催化样本回波减弱趋势趋缓。
The experiment of randomized effectiveness evaluation of weather modification was conducted in2015 an 2016 through the warm-cloud smog generators at Bawang Mountain of Hainan Province.The test samples were randomly distinguished into 2 groups(seeded and no-seeded),with a total number of 34.The statistical and physical effectiveness of all the test samples is analyzed with the data from the local automatic rainfall stations,Doppler radar and TITAN system,and the results are as follows:The average absolute rainfall improvement of the unseeded test samples is 2.97 mm per 2 hours,and the average rainfall improvement of the seeded test samples is 3.364 mm per 2 hours.The significant analysis of test samples indicates that the target cloud rainfall data between seeded and no-seeded test samples are totally different;the physical effectiveness is analyzed with the data of the Doppler radar and TITAN system,and the physical evidences of warm-cloud weather modification are evaluated by analyzing the difference between maximum combined radar reflectivity after the seeding moment.The results show that the maximum combined reflectivity,liquid water content and maximum echo height of the seeded group tend to grow stronger than theses of the no-seeded group in the developing stage of cumulonimbus clouds.In the weaken stage of cumulonimbus clouds,the weaken trend of echoes tends to be abated in most of the seeded test samples.
The experiment of randomized effectiveness evaluation of weather modification was conducted in2015 an 2016 through the warm-cloud smog generators at Bawang Mountain of Hainan Province.The test samples were randomly distinguished into 2 groups(seeded and no-seeded),with a total number of 34.The statistical and physical effectiveness of all the test samples is analyzed with the data from the local automatic rainfall stations,Doppler radar and TITAN system,and the results are as follows:The average absolute rainfall improvement of the unseeded test samples is 2.97 mm per 2 hours,and the average rainfall improvement of the seeded test samples is 3.364 mm per 2 hours.The significant analysis of test samples indicates that the target cloud rainfall data between seeded and no-seeded test samples are totally different;the physical effectiveness is analyzed with the data of the Doppler radar and TITAN system,and the physical evidences of warm-cloud weather modification are evaluated by analyzing the difference between maximum combined radar reflectivity after the seeding moment.The results show that the maximum combined reflectivity,liquid water content and maximum echo height of the seeded group tend to grow stronger than theses of the no-seeded group in the developing stage of cumulonimbus clouds.In the weaken stage of cumulonimbus clouds,the weaken trend of echoes tends to be abated in most of the seeded test samples.
引文
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[2]Cooper W A,Bruintjes R T,Marher G K.Calculations pertaining to hygroscopic seeding with flares[J].Journal of Applied Meteorology,1997,11(36):1449-1469.
[3]Bruintjes R.Similarities between the effects of hygroscopic seeding and anthropogenic pollution on clouds[C]∥8th WMOScientific Conference on Weather Modification World Meteorological Organization,Casalanca,Morocco,2003.
[4]Deon T,Mittermaier M,Burger R,et al.Results of the South African rainfall enhancement program:1997-2000[C]∥Proceedings of 8th WMO scientific conference on weather modification.Casa Morocco,2003:99-102.
[5]WMO.Report of the WMO International Workshop on Hygroscopic Seeding:Experimental Results,Physical Process es,and Research Needs[R].WMP Rep.35,WMO/TD 1006,WMO,2000:68.
[6]苏正军,郑国光,酆大雄.吸湿性物质催化云雨的研究进展[J].高原气象,2009,18(1):227-232
[7]何媛,黄彦彬,李春鸾,等.海南暖云烟炉设置及人工增雨作业条件分析[J].气象科技,2016,44(6):1043-1052
[8]高翔、姚春景,罗双玲.ZY-2型远程控制碘化银地面发生器的应用分析[J].河南科学,2013,31(6):863-867.
[9]秦长学、杨道侠,金永利.碘化银地面发生器增雨(雪)作业可行性及作业时机选择[J].气象科技,2003,31(3):174-178.
[10]陈少琴,叶德彪,林长城.福建周宁水库地面暖云人工增雨效果分析[J].气象科技,2015,43(2):338-342.
[11]李金才,王新强.闽西地区地面AgI烟炉人工增雨作业的效果[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(22):11821-11822.
[12]Dixon M,Wiener G.Titan:Thunder storm identification,tracking,analysis,and now casting-A radar-based methodology[J].J Atoms Oceanic Techno,1993,10(6):785-796.
[13]李开乐.相似密度及其使用技术[J].气象学报,1986,44(2):174-183.