冠菌素对玉米基部节间和根部特性的调控研究
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摘要
为研究冠菌素(COR)调控玉米节间伸长生长增产的相关机理,在大田条件下,以‘先玉335’和‘郑单958’玉米品种为材料,拔节期叶面喷施不同浓度(0、0.01、0.10、1.00和10.00μmol/L)冠菌素(COR),系统分析对玉米基部节间形态性状、结构物质、抗折断力和根部的性状的影响。结果表明,COR显著提高玉米基部节间的直径、单位节间长度干重、抗折断力、半纤维素含量、纤维素含量和木质素含量,显著降低基部节间长度和节间干重,且随着COR浓度的增加,效应越明显。此外,COR还可促进玉米根系生长,随着COR浓度的增加,玉米植株气生根层数、入土气生根条数、气生根直径、气生根角度、根体积和根干重显著增加。综上所述,‘先玉335’和‘郑单958’对COR的敏感性不同,‘先玉335’抗倒伏的最适浓度为10.00μmol/L,郑单958抗倒伏的最适浓度为1.00μmol/L。
In order to study the mechanism of coronatine(COR)regulating internode elongation and yield increased in maize,a field experiment using maize varieties‘Xianyu 335'and‘Zhengdan 958'as study objects was conducted to analysis the effects of spraying COR with different concentrations(0,0.01,0.10,1.00 and 10.00μmol/L)at elongation stage on the morphological,structural substance,breaking resistance,and root traits of maize basal internode.The results showed that COR significantly increased the diameter,dry weight per unit internode length,breaking resistance,hemicellulose concentration,cellulose concentration,and lignin concentration,but remarkably decreased the length and dry weight of basal internode.The influencing effect was increased with the increasing of COR concentration.In addition,COR promoted the growth of the maize roots,and significantly increased the number of brace root plies,number of brace root,number of brace root,diameter of brace root,brace root angle,volume of root,and dry weight of root with the increasing of COR concentration.In summary,the optimal COR concentration for‘Xianyu 335'for lodging resistance was10.00 and 1.00μmol/L for‘Zhengdan 958',indicating that different maize varieties had different sensitivity level to COR.
In order to study the mechanism of coronatine(COR)regulating internode elongation and yield increased in maize,a field experiment using maize varieties‘Xianyu 335'and‘Zhengdan 958'as study objects was conducted to analysis the effects of spraying COR with different concentrations(0,0.01,0.10,1.00 and 10.00μmol/L)at elongation stage on the morphological,structural substance,breaking resistance,and root traits of maize basal internode.The results showed that COR significantly increased the diameter,dry weight per unit internode length,breaking resistance,hemicellulose concentration,cellulose concentration,and lignin concentration,but remarkably decreased the length and dry weight of basal internode.The influencing effect was increased with the increasing of COR concentration.In addition,COR promoted the growth of the maize roots,and significantly increased the number of brace root plies,number of brace root,number of brace root,diameter of brace root,brace root angle,volume of root,and dry weight of root with the increasing of COR concentration.In summary,the optimal COR concentration for‘Xianyu 335'for lodging resistance was10.00 and 1.00μmol/L for‘Zhengdan 958',indicating that different maize varieties had different sensitivity level to COR.
引文
[1]杨吉顺,高辉远,刘鹏,李耕,董树亭,张吉旺,王敬锋.种植密度和行距配置对超高产夏玉米群体光合特性的影响[J].作物学报,2010,36(7):1226-1233Yang J S,Gao H Y,Liu P,Li G,Dong S T,Zhang J W,Wang JF.Effects of planting density and row spacing on canopy apparent photosynthesis of high-yield summer corn[J].Acta Agronomica Science,2010,36(7):1226-1233(in Chinese)
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[7]王泳超,孟瑶,顾万荣,彭劲翔,魏湜,李晶.DCPTA与CCC复配对寒地春玉米根系生长及茎秆农艺性状的影响[J].华北农学报,2014,29(2):156-160Wang Y C,Meng Y,Gu W R,Peng J X,Wei S,Li J.Effects of mixed compound of DCPTA and CCC on root growth and stem agronomic traits of spring maize in cold area[J].Acta Agriculture Boreali-Sinica,2014,29(2):156-160(in Chinese)
[8]陈增,柯永培,袁继超,石海春,段必康,谢冰,杨世民.玉米健壮素和烯效唑对杂交玉米正红311的株高及产量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(4):190-192Chen Z,Ke Y P,Yuan J C,Shi H C,Duan B K,Xie B,Yang SM.Effects of maize roborant and uniconazole on plant height and yield of hybrid maize Zhenghong 311in Panxi region[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2007,23(4):190-192(in Chinese)
[9]卫晓轶,张明才,李召虎,段留生.不同基因型玉米对乙烯利调控反应敏感性的差异[J].作物学报,2011,37(10):1819-1827Wei X Y,Zhang M C,Li Z H,Duan L S.Differences in responding sensitivity to ethephon among different maize genotypes[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2011,37(10):1819-1827(in Chinese)
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[11]Khosravi G R,Anderson I C.Growth,yield,and yield components of ethephon-treated corn[J].Plant Growth Regulation,1991,10(1):27-36
[12]Koda Y,Takahashi K,Kikuta Y,Greulich F,Toshima H,Ichihara A.Similarities of the biological activities of coronatine and coronafacic acid to those of jasmonic acid[J].Phytochemistry,1996,41(1):93-96
[13]Ferguson I B,Mitchell R E.Stimulation of ethylene production in bean leaf discs by the pseudomonad phytotoxin coronatine[J].Plant Physiology,1985,77(4):969-973
[14]Kenyon J S,Turner J G.The stimulation of ethylene synthesis inNicotiana tabacum leave by the phytotoxin coronatine[J].Plant Physiology,1992,100(1):219-224
[15]王庆燕,李建民,段留生,张明才,李召虎.冠菌素对玉米苗期植株形态建成的调控效应[J].农药学学报,2015,17(4):401-408Wang Q Y,Li J M,Duan L S,Zhang M C,Li Z H.Regulation of bioregulator coronatine on the development of plant morphology in maize seedling[J].Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science,2015,17(4):401-408(in Chinese)
[16]卫晓轶,张明才,李召虎,段留生.冠菌素对玉米节间伸长和产量性状的影响[J].科技导报,2011,29(20):63-67Wei X Y,Zhang M C,Li Z H,Duan L S.Effects of coronatine on internode elongation and yield characters of maize[J].Science&Technology Review,2011,29(20):63-67(in Chinese)
[17]勾玲,赵明,黄建军,张宾,李涛,孙锐.玉米茎秆弯曲性能与抗倒能力的研究[J].作物学报,2008,34(4):653-661Gou L,Zhao M,Huang JJ,Zhang B,Li T,Sun R.Bending mechanical properties of stalk and lodging-resistance of maize(Zea mays L.)[J].Acta Agronomica Science,2008,34(4):653-661(in Chinese)
[18]叶德练.乙烯利和氮肥运筹对玉米氮素吸收利用和基部节间生长的调控研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2015Ye D L.Studies on the nitrogen uptake and utilization and the growth of the basal internode regulated by ethephon and nitrogen management in maize[D].Beijing:China Agricultural University,2015(in Chinese)
[19]丰光,李妍妍,景希强,曹祖波,卢秉生,黄长玲.夏玉米根茎主要性状与倒伏性的关系研究[J].河南农业科学,2010(11):20-22Feng G,Li Y Y,Jing X Q,Cao Z B,Lu B S,Huang C L.Relationship of root and stem characters with lodging resistance of summer maize[J].Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences,2010(11):20-22(in Chinese)
[20]李玲,赵明,李连禄,董志强.乙矮合剂对玉米产量和茎秆质量的影响[J].作物杂志,2007(5):51-54Li L,Zhao M,Li LL,Dong Z Q.Effects of ethylene-chromium mixture on stem quality and yield of maize[J].Crops,2007(5):51-54(in Chinese)
[21]丛艳霞,赵明,董志强,孙锐,李玲,朱平,彭畅.乙酶合剂对东北春玉米干物质积累和茎秆形态的化学调控[J].玉米科学,2009,17(5):85-89Cong Y X,Zhao M,Dong Z Q,Sun R,Zhu P,Peng C.The plant growth regulation effects of ethylene-gibberellins mixture on dry matter accumulation and chemical regulation of stem shapes of maize in northeastChina[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2009,17(5):85-89(in Chinese)
[22]徐世宏,阮伟江,吴登,李朝昌,苏作琴,李桂珍.多效唑在玉米上的应用试验[J].广西农业科学,1992,29(6):264-266Xu S H,Ruan W J,Wu D,Li C C,Su Z Q,Li G Z.Application test of paclobutrazol in maize[J].Journal of Guangxi Agricultural Sciences,1992,29(6):264-266(in Chinese)
[23]汪黎明,李建生,姚国旗,穆春华,孟昭东,刘德友,戴景瑞.玉米茎秆与根系抗倒的特性研究[J].玉米科学,2012,20(2):69-74Wang L M,Li J S,Yao G Q,Mu C H,Meng Z D,Liu D Y,Dai J R.Characterizations of resistance to stalk and root lodging in maize[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2012,20(2):69-74(in Chinese)
[24]White E M.Response of winter barley cultivars to nitrogen and aplant growth regulator in relation tolodging[J].Journal of Agronomy Science,1991,116(2):191-200
[25]汪黎明,姚国旗,穆春华,李建生,戴景瑞.玉米抗倒性的遗传研究进展[J].玉米科学,2011,19(4):1-4Wang L M,Yao G Q,Mu C H,Li J S,Dai J R.Advances in genetic research of maize lodging resistance[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2011,19(4):1-4(in Chinese)
[26]Appenzeller L,Doblin M,Barreiro R,Wang H,Niu X M,Kollipara K,Carrigan L,Tomes D,Chapman M,Dhugga K S.Cellulose synthesis in maize:Isolation and expression analysis of the cellulose synthase(CesA)gene family[J].Cellulose,2004,11(3-4):287-289
[27]李宁,李建民,翟志席,李召虎,段留生.化控技术对玉米植株抗倒伏性状、农艺性状及产量的影响[J].玉米科学,2010,18(6):38-42Li N,Li J M,Zhai Z X,Li Z H,Duan L S.Effects of chemical regulator on the lodging resistance traits,agricultural characters and yield of maize[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2010,18(6):38-42(in Chinese)
[28]李相文,李建民,段留生,李召虎.冠菌素诱导冬小麦幼苗抗旱性的初步研究[J].麦类作物学报,2010,30(4):676-679Li X W,Li J M,Duan L S,Li Z H.Primary study on inducing effect of coronatine on drought tolerance of winter wheat seedlings[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2010,30(4):676-679(in Chinese)
[2]张倩,张洪生,宋希云,姜雯.种植方式和密度对夏玉米光合特征及产量的影响[J].生态学报,2015,35(4):1235-1241Zhang Q,Zhang H S,Song X Y,Jiang W.The effects of planting patterns and densities on photosynthetic characteristics and yield in summermaize[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(4):1235-1241(in Chinese)
[3]Beck D L,Darrah L L,Zuber M S.Effect of sink level on root and stalk quality in maize[J].Crop Science,1987,28(1):11-18
[4]宋朝玉,张继余,张清霞,陈希群,李祥云,王圣健.玉米倒伏的类型、原因及预防、治理措施[J].作物杂志,2006(1):36-38Song C Y,Zhang J Y,Zhang Q X,Chen X Q,Li X Y,Wang SJ.Types,causes,prevention and control measures of maize lodging[J].Crops,2006(1):36-38(in Chinese)
[5]叶德练,王庆燕,张钰石,李建民,段留生,张明才,李召虎.乙烯利和氮肥对玉米基部节间性状和抗折断力的调控研究[J].中国农业大学学报,2015,20(6):1-8Ye D L,Wang Q Y,Zhang Y S,Li J M,Duan L S,Zhang M C,Li Z H.Study of ethephon and nitrogen rate in regulating the basal internode characteristics and breaking resistance of maize[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2015,20(6):1-8(in Chinese)
[6]李俊民,南明慧,刘蕾.化控药剂对玉米抗倒性及产量的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2005,33(12):2246Li J M,Nan M H,Liu L.Effects of chemical control agents on lodging resistance and yield of maize[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2005,33(12):2246(in Chinese)
[7]王泳超,孟瑶,顾万荣,彭劲翔,魏湜,李晶.DCPTA与CCC复配对寒地春玉米根系生长及茎秆农艺性状的影响[J].华北农学报,2014,29(2):156-160Wang Y C,Meng Y,Gu W R,Peng J X,Wei S,Li J.Effects of mixed compound of DCPTA and CCC on root growth and stem agronomic traits of spring maize in cold area[J].Acta Agriculture Boreali-Sinica,2014,29(2):156-160(in Chinese)
[8]陈增,柯永培,袁继超,石海春,段必康,谢冰,杨世民.玉米健壮素和烯效唑对杂交玉米正红311的株高及产量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(4):190-192Chen Z,Ke Y P,Yuan J C,Shi H C,Duan B K,Xie B,Yang SM.Effects of maize roborant and uniconazole on plant height and yield of hybrid maize Zhenghong 311in Panxi region[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2007,23(4):190-192(in Chinese)
[9]卫晓轶,张明才,李召虎,段留生.不同基因型玉米对乙烯利调控反应敏感性的差异[J].作物学报,2011,37(10):1819-1827Wei X Y,Zhang M C,Li Z H,Duan L S.Differences in responding sensitivity to ethephon among different maize genotypes[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2011,37(10):1819-1827(in Chinese)
[10]Earley E B,Slife F W.Effect of ethrel on growth and yield of corn[J].Agronomy Journal,1969,61(5):821-823
[11]Khosravi G R,Anderson I C.Growth,yield,and yield components of ethephon-treated corn[J].Plant Growth Regulation,1991,10(1):27-36
[12]Koda Y,Takahashi K,Kikuta Y,Greulich F,Toshima H,Ichihara A.Similarities of the biological activities of coronatine and coronafacic acid to those of jasmonic acid[J].Phytochemistry,1996,41(1):93-96
[13]Ferguson I B,Mitchell R E.Stimulation of ethylene production in bean leaf discs by the pseudomonad phytotoxin coronatine[J].Plant Physiology,1985,77(4):969-973
[14]Kenyon J S,Turner J G.The stimulation of ethylene synthesis inNicotiana tabacum leave by the phytotoxin coronatine[J].Plant Physiology,1992,100(1):219-224
[15]王庆燕,李建民,段留生,张明才,李召虎.冠菌素对玉米苗期植株形态建成的调控效应[J].农药学学报,2015,17(4):401-408Wang Q Y,Li J M,Duan L S,Zhang M C,Li Z H.Regulation of bioregulator coronatine on the development of plant morphology in maize seedling[J].Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science,2015,17(4):401-408(in Chinese)
[16]卫晓轶,张明才,李召虎,段留生.冠菌素对玉米节间伸长和产量性状的影响[J].科技导报,2011,29(20):63-67Wei X Y,Zhang M C,Li Z H,Duan L S.Effects of coronatine on internode elongation and yield characters of maize[J].Science&Technology Review,2011,29(20):63-67(in Chinese)
[17]勾玲,赵明,黄建军,张宾,李涛,孙锐.玉米茎秆弯曲性能与抗倒能力的研究[J].作物学报,2008,34(4):653-661Gou L,Zhao M,Huang JJ,Zhang B,Li T,Sun R.Bending mechanical properties of stalk and lodging-resistance of maize(Zea mays L.)[J].Acta Agronomica Science,2008,34(4):653-661(in Chinese)
[18]叶德练.乙烯利和氮肥运筹对玉米氮素吸收利用和基部节间生长的调控研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2015Ye D L.Studies on the nitrogen uptake and utilization and the growth of the basal internode regulated by ethephon and nitrogen management in maize[D].Beijing:China Agricultural University,2015(in Chinese)
[19]丰光,李妍妍,景希强,曹祖波,卢秉生,黄长玲.夏玉米根茎主要性状与倒伏性的关系研究[J].河南农业科学,2010(11):20-22Feng G,Li Y Y,Jing X Q,Cao Z B,Lu B S,Huang C L.Relationship of root and stem characters with lodging resistance of summer maize[J].Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences,2010(11):20-22(in Chinese)
[20]李玲,赵明,李连禄,董志强.乙矮合剂对玉米产量和茎秆质量的影响[J].作物杂志,2007(5):51-54Li L,Zhao M,Li LL,Dong Z Q.Effects of ethylene-chromium mixture on stem quality and yield of maize[J].Crops,2007(5):51-54(in Chinese)
[21]丛艳霞,赵明,董志强,孙锐,李玲,朱平,彭畅.乙酶合剂对东北春玉米干物质积累和茎秆形态的化学调控[J].玉米科学,2009,17(5):85-89Cong Y X,Zhao M,Dong Z Q,Sun R,Zhu P,Peng C.The plant growth regulation effects of ethylene-gibberellins mixture on dry matter accumulation and chemical regulation of stem shapes of maize in northeastChina[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2009,17(5):85-89(in Chinese)
[22]徐世宏,阮伟江,吴登,李朝昌,苏作琴,李桂珍.多效唑在玉米上的应用试验[J].广西农业科学,1992,29(6):264-266Xu S H,Ruan W J,Wu D,Li C C,Su Z Q,Li G Z.Application test of paclobutrazol in maize[J].Journal of Guangxi Agricultural Sciences,1992,29(6):264-266(in Chinese)
[23]汪黎明,李建生,姚国旗,穆春华,孟昭东,刘德友,戴景瑞.玉米茎秆与根系抗倒的特性研究[J].玉米科学,2012,20(2):69-74Wang L M,Li J S,Yao G Q,Mu C H,Meng Z D,Liu D Y,Dai J R.Characterizations of resistance to stalk and root lodging in maize[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2012,20(2):69-74(in Chinese)
[24]White E M.Response of winter barley cultivars to nitrogen and aplant growth regulator in relation tolodging[J].Journal of Agronomy Science,1991,116(2):191-200
[25]汪黎明,姚国旗,穆春华,李建生,戴景瑞.玉米抗倒性的遗传研究进展[J].玉米科学,2011,19(4):1-4Wang L M,Yao G Q,Mu C H,Li J S,Dai J R.Advances in genetic research of maize lodging resistance[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2011,19(4):1-4(in Chinese)
[26]Appenzeller L,Doblin M,Barreiro R,Wang H,Niu X M,Kollipara K,Carrigan L,Tomes D,Chapman M,Dhugga K S.Cellulose synthesis in maize:Isolation and expression analysis of the cellulose synthase(CesA)gene family[J].Cellulose,2004,11(3-4):287-289
[27]李宁,李建民,翟志席,李召虎,段留生.化控技术对玉米植株抗倒伏性状、农艺性状及产量的影响[J].玉米科学,2010,18(6):38-42Li N,Li J M,Zhai Z X,Li Z H,Duan L S.Effects of chemical regulator on the lodging resistance traits,agricultural characters and yield of maize[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2010,18(6):38-42(in Chinese)
[28]李相文,李建民,段留生,李召虎.冠菌素诱导冬小麦幼苗抗旱性的初步研究[J].麦类作物学报,2010,30(4):676-679Li X W,Li J M,Duan L S,Li Z H.Primary study on inducing effect of coronatine on drought tolerance of winter wheat seedlings[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2010,30(4):676-679(in Chinese)