硫酸-机械法分离废旧涤棉混纺织物
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摘要
采用硫酸-机械法分离废旧涤棉混纺织物,研究优化了硫酸处理工艺,分析了分离前后棉和涤纶纤维的形态结构。结果表明:当硫酸质量分数为10%、处理时间为40min、处理温度为95℃时,涤纶纤维和棉纤维的分离效果最好,棉和涤纶纤维的回收率分别为93.5%和98.1%;分离后棉纤维表面出现裂缝和孔洞,长度和细度显著降低,化学组分和结晶结构无显著变化,但结晶度略有增大;分离后涤纶纤维的表面形态、化学组分和结晶结构均无明显变化,但结晶度略有提高,力学性能略有下降。
The wasted polyester-cotton blended fabrics were separated by sulfuric acid-mechanical method.The acid treatment was optimized and the morphology structure of cotton and polyester fiber before and after separation was analyzed.The results show that the cotton and polyester fibers can reach the optimal recovery rate of 93.5% and 98.1%respectively when treated by 10% H2 SO4 at 95℃for 40 minutes.The separated cotton fibers have cracks and holes on surface,obvious decrease in diameter and length,and no significant change in chemical composition and crystal structure,but a little increase in crystallinity.Regarding the separated polyester fibers,there are no significant change in morphology,chemical composition and crystal structure,but a slight increase in crystallinity and decrease in mechanical strength.
The wasted polyester-cotton blended fabrics were separated by sulfuric acid-mechanical method.The acid treatment was optimized and the morphology structure of cotton and polyester fiber before and after separation was analyzed.The results show that the cotton and polyester fibers can reach the optimal recovery rate of 93.5% and 98.1%respectively when treated by 10% H2 SO4 at 95℃for 40 minutes.The separated cotton fibers have cracks and holes on surface,obvious decrease in diameter and length,and no significant change in chemical composition and crystal structure,but a little increase in crystallinity.Regarding the separated polyester fibers,there are no significant change in morphology,chemical composition and crystal structure,but a slight increase in crystallinity and decrease in mechanical strength.
引文
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[2]TZKENDORF R L,黄汉生.含化纤废混纺织物回用新方法的研究[J].国外纺织技术,1996(1):34-40.
[3]张丽,刘梁森,邱冠雄.废弃纺织材料回收利用的研究进展[J].纺织学报,2013,34(4):153-160.
[4]罗艳辉,蒲宗耀,黄玉华.废旧纺织品回收再利用的现状及其发展趋势[J].纺织科技进展,2012(3):9-12.
[5]李永贵,曹远虑,葛明桥,等.利用废弃聚酯制品生产纺织纤维[J].纺织学报,2006(8):101-103.
[6]王来力,吴雄英,丁雪梅.废旧纺织品的回收再利用探讨[J].纺织导报,2009(4):26-28.
[7]刘红茹,陈昀,张丽平.碱性水解法分离废弃涤棉混纺织物工艺研究[J].合成纤维工业,2014,37(5):19-22.
[8]孔伟,于永玲,吕丽华.生物酶法分离回收废弃涤纶[J].上海纺织科技,2011,39(12):23-25.
[9]荣真,陈昀,唐世君.离子液体溶解法分离废弃涤棉混纺织物[J].纺织学报,2012,33(8):24-29.
[10]路怡斐,武志云,汪少朋,等.乙二醇分离回收废弃涤棉混纺织物[J].聚酯工业,2014,27(4):21-24.
[11]AZAM J,KEIKHOSRO K,CLAES N,et al.A novel process for ethanol or biogas production from cellulose in blended-fibers waste textiles[J].Waste Management,2010,30(12):2504-2509.
[12]刘伟昆.废旧涤纶、涤棉纺织品化学回收工艺技术研究[D].北京:北京服装学院材料科学与工程学院,2012.
[13]石娜,武志云,汪少朋,等.溶剂法回收废旧聚酯纺织品技术[J].纺织学报,2012,33(7):33-38.