气象灾害应对的东南沿海地区高校开放空间规划设计优化策略——以闽南地区为例
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摘要
我国东南沿海的闽南地区夏热冬暖全年气温变化不大,地区典型气象灾害为高温炎热、台风强风和暴雨积涝,高校校园是高密度城市里少有的中尺度低密度区,开放空间是其应对地区气象灾害的前沿阵地。我国高校校园建设已进入内部更新优化阶段,校园开放空间极易被挤占破坏,从而影响高校开放空间整体格局与防灾效能。本文从平时防灾备灾与灾时御灾减灾角度出发,结合景观生态学,从整体格局、单元要素和细部界面三个方面阐述了闽南地区高校开放空间应对地区典型气象灾害的设计要点,进而提出东南沿海地区高校开放空间气象灾害应对的"网络状-多元化-疏解性"规划设计优化策略。
Southern Fujian province in Southeast China has hot summer and warm winter, there is little change in temperature throughout the year. The typical meteorological disasters are high temperature, strong wind such as typhoon and flooding caused by rainstorm. College campuses are the rare areas of mesoscale low-density in highdensity cities, their open space is the frontier in response to the meteorological disasters. Campus construction in China has entered the stage of internal renewal and optimization, so open space is easy to be occupied and destroyed when campus is being renewed, thus affecting the overall pattern of university open space and disaster prevention efficiency. Combining with landscape ecology, from the perspective of disaster prevention and preparedness in peacetime and disaster mitigation in disaster time, this paper expounds the design points of open space of universities in southern Fujian in response to typical meteorological disasters from three aspects of overall pattern, unit elements and detail interface, and then puts forward the countermeasures of meteorological disasters in open space of universities in southeastern coastal areas. The planning and design optimization strategy of "Network-DiversificationPermeability ".
Southern Fujian province in Southeast China has hot summer and warm winter, there is little change in temperature throughout the year. The typical meteorological disasters are high temperature, strong wind such as typhoon and flooding caused by rainstorm. College campuses are the rare areas of mesoscale low-density in highdensity cities, their open space is the frontier in response to the meteorological disasters. Campus construction in China has entered the stage of internal renewal and optimization, so open space is easy to be occupied and destroyed when campus is being renewed, thus affecting the overall pattern of university open space and disaster prevention efficiency. Combining with landscape ecology, from the perspective of disaster prevention and preparedness in peacetime and disaster mitigation in disaster time, this paper expounds the design points of open space of universities in southern Fujian in response to typical meteorological disasters from three aspects of overall pattern, unit elements and detail interface, and then puts forward the countermeasures of meteorological disasters in open space of universities in southeastern coastal areas. The planning and design optimization strategy of "Network-DiversificationPermeability ".
引文
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[3]傅强,宋军,王天青.生态网络在城市非建设用地评价中的作用研究[J].规划师,2012,28(12):91-96.
[4]曾琦芳.高校新校区生态网络结构类型的研究[J].中外建筑,2008,11(91):89-92.
[5]徐文娜.城市高密度区大学校园立体化研究[D].华南理工大学,2014:8.
[6]王云才,张耀之.高密度城市生态网络的立体化发展趋势[J].园林,2017,9:12-15.
[7]傅伯杰,陈利顶,马克明,等.景观生态学原理及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.
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