黄土台塬区土地生态化整治工程建设——以宝鸡市陇县土地整治项目为例
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摘要
中国土地整治已从传统的以增加耕地有效面积为目的向耕地数量、质量和生态并重转变。土地生态化整治是实现人-地-环境和谐共处的重要手段。本文通过归纳整理国内外土地生态化整治的发展及内涵,提出基于耕地占补平衡的土地生态化整治应遵循增加耕地有效面积并提高耕地质量、增强土地抵御自然灾害的能力、保持自然景观性、提高民众参与度和社会可接受性的四项原则,同时选取黄土台塬区耕地后备资源整治项目作为研究对象,从生态田块设计、生态道路工程及灌溉排水工程设计等方面,进行土地生态化整治设计的实证研究,从而推动土地生态化整治技术在我国主要耕地资源后备区域实践中的应用与发展。
The traditional conception of the land consolidation in China has been upgraded from simply aiming to increase the actual land for cultivation to laying equal stress on arable land quality,quantity and ecological environment.Land ecological consolidation is an important method to realize the goal of human-land-environment in harmony.This article takes reviews on the development history of the land ecological consolidation, both domestically and internationally.It upholds the ensuing four principles for land ecological consolidation based on the cultivated land requisition-compensation balance,shall strive to increase the arable farmland areas as well as enhance the quality of the cultivated land.Secondly,the land's resistance against the natural disasters needs to be further consolidated.Thirdly,the natural landscape must be maintained at its best.Lastly,the social acceptance and the citizens' participation must be taken into consideration when it comes to the implementation of the land consolidation.In this regard,the article chooses Weibei Taiyuan land consolidation reserve(land consolidation project in Lan Jiabao,Baoji city)as the research object,to elaborate the ecological land consolidation frommultiple perspectives,e.g.land designing,ecological roads pavement,irrigation and drainage engineering.It is the author's hope that this article may contribute to the promotion of the application and development of the ecological land consolidation technologies,especially in the area of the reserved land for cultivation.
The traditional conception of the land consolidation in China has been upgraded from simply aiming to increase the actual land for cultivation to laying equal stress on arable land quality,quantity and ecological environment.Land ecological consolidation is an important method to realize the goal of human-land-environment in harmony.This article takes reviews on the development history of the land ecological consolidation, both domestically and internationally.It upholds the ensuing four principles for land ecological consolidation based on the cultivated land requisition-compensation balance,shall strive to increase the arable farmland areas as well as enhance the quality of the cultivated land.Secondly,the land's resistance against the natural disasters needs to be further consolidated.Thirdly,the natural landscape must be maintained at its best.Lastly,the social acceptance and the citizens' participation must be taken into consideration when it comes to the implementation of the land consolidation.In this regard,the article chooses Weibei Taiyuan land consolidation reserve(land consolidation project in Lan Jiabao,Baoji city)as the research object,to elaborate the ecological land consolidation frommultiple perspectives,e.g.land designing,ecological roads pavement,irrigation and drainage engineering.It is the author's hope that this article may contribute to the promotion of the application and development of the ecological land consolidation technologies,especially in the area of the reserved land for cultivation.
引文
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[2]高向军,罗明,罗惠远.土地利用和覆被变化(LUCC)研究与土地整理[J].农业工程学报,2001,17(4):151-155.
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[9]蒋一军,于海英,王晓霞.土地整理中生态环境影响评价的理论探讨[J].中国软科学,2004,(10):131-134.
[10]王万茂,张颖.土地整理与可持续发展[J].中国人口资源与环境,2004,14(1):13-18.
[11]张正峰.土地整治可持续性的标准与评估[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(7):1-7.
[12]赵桂慎,贾文涛,柳晓蕾.土地整理过程中农田景观生态工程建设[J].农业工程学报,2007,23(11):114-119.
[13]黄锦东,张辉,陈宇琛.以景观生态化的新理念新方法开展农地整治[J].国土资源情报,2016,(1):28-32.
[14]张文瑞.土地生态化整治与农业景观设计实证研究[J].中国农业资源与区划,2016,(4):224-227.
[15]陈百明,谷晓坤,张正峰.土地生态化整治与景观设计[J].中国土地科学,2011,25(6):10-14.
[16]樊闵.中国土地整理事业发展的回顾与展望[J].农业工程学报,2006,22(10):246-251.
[17]罗明,罗惠远.土地整理及其生态环境影响综述[J].资源科学,2002,24(2):60-63.
[18]沈仁芳,陈美军,孔祥斌,等.耕地质量的概念和评价与管理政策[J].土壤学报,2012,49(2):1210-1217.
[19]国土资源部土地整治中心.土地整治蓝皮书:中国土地整治发展研究报告NO.3,2016,社会科学文献出版社.
[20]焦菊英,王万忠.黄土高原水平梯田质量及水土保持效果的分析[J].农业工程学报,1999,(2):59-63.
[2]高向军,罗明,罗惠远.土地利用和覆被变化(LUCC)研究与土地整理[J].农业工程学报,2001,17(4):151-155.
[3]杨庆媛.土地整理目标的区域配置研究[J].中国土地科学,2003,17(1):40-45.
[4]周灵霞.耕地后备资源开发复垦要注重生态环境的保护和建设[A].中国土地学会.中国科协2005年学术年会第38分会场,科学发展与土地资源节约和集约利用论文集[C].中国土地学会:2005,6.
[5]YU Guangming,FENG Jing,CHE Yi,et al.The identification and assessment of ecological risks for land consolidation based on the anticipation of ecosystem stabilization:A case study in Hubei Province,China[J].Land Use Policy,2010,27(2):293-303.
[6]王军,罗明,龙花楼.土地整理生态评价的方法与案例[J].自然资源学报,2003,18(3):363-367.
[7]王瑷玲,赵庚星,王瑞燕,等.区域土地整理生态环境评价及其时空配置[J].应用生态学报,2006,17(8):1481-1484.
[8]张正峰.土地整理中的生态服务价值损益估算[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(9):69-72.
[9]蒋一军,于海英,王晓霞.土地整理中生态环境影响评价的理论探讨[J].中国软科学,2004,(10):131-134.
[10]王万茂,张颖.土地整理与可持续发展[J].中国人口资源与环境,2004,14(1):13-18.
[11]张正峰.土地整治可持续性的标准与评估[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(7):1-7.
[12]赵桂慎,贾文涛,柳晓蕾.土地整理过程中农田景观生态工程建设[J].农业工程学报,2007,23(11):114-119.
[13]黄锦东,张辉,陈宇琛.以景观生态化的新理念新方法开展农地整治[J].国土资源情报,2016,(1):28-32.
[14]张文瑞.土地生态化整治与农业景观设计实证研究[J].中国农业资源与区划,2016,(4):224-227.
[15]陈百明,谷晓坤,张正峰.土地生态化整治与景观设计[J].中国土地科学,2011,25(6):10-14.
[16]樊闵.中国土地整理事业发展的回顾与展望[J].农业工程学报,2006,22(10):246-251.
[17]罗明,罗惠远.土地整理及其生态环境影响综述[J].资源科学,2002,24(2):60-63.
[18]沈仁芳,陈美军,孔祥斌,等.耕地质量的概念和评价与管理政策[J].土壤学报,2012,49(2):1210-1217.
[19]国土资源部土地整治中心.土地整治蓝皮书:中国土地整治发展研究报告NO.3,2016,社会科学文献出版社.
[20]焦菊英,王万忠.黄土高原水平梯田质量及水土保持效果的分析[J].农业工程学报,1999,(2):59-63.