基于无人机遥感的矿山地质灾害解译
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摘要
矿山地质环境调查是为了查明在矿产资源开采过程中遇到或者诱发的地质环境问题并对其作出评价和预测。传统的人工地质环境调查方法正面临时效性和安全性的挑战,无人机遥感正是取代人工地质环境调查的手段之一。基于2016年10月在北京市门头沟区的一次无人机飞行获取的数据,使用Pix4Dmapper等软件生成正射影像、数字高程模型以及三维模型,然后对该区进行遥感地质解译,建立滑坡、地面塌陷、不稳定斜坡、地裂缝、煤矸石堆、其他渣堆的解译标志,形成了一套适用于矿山的无人机遥感的地质灾害解译方法流程,通过实地验证,证明无人机遥感地质灾害解译效果良好,适合在矿山地质灾害监测方面推广应用。
The survey of the mine geological environment is to identify the geological environment problems encountered or induced in the mining process and to make evaluation and prediction. The traditional artificial survey of geological environment is faced with the challenges of timeliness and security. The UAV remote sensing is one of the means to replace the artificial survey of geological environment. Based on the data acquired by the UAV flight in Mentougou District of Beijing in October,2016,the paper generates the orthophoto,digital elevation model and 3D model by using Pix4 Dmapper and other software,and then interprets geology of this area with remote sensing technology to establish the interpretation signs of landslide,ground subsidence,unstable slope,ground fissures,coal waste rock piles,and other slag heap,which forms a set of interpretation process of geological disaster that is suitable for UAV remote sensing of the mine. Finally,it is proved by field validation that the interpretation result of geological disaster by UAV remote sensing is good,which is suitable for wider application in monitoring geological disaster of the mine.
The survey of the mine geological environment is to identify the geological environment problems encountered or induced in the mining process and to make evaluation and prediction. The traditional artificial survey of geological environment is faced with the challenges of timeliness and security. The UAV remote sensing is one of the means to replace the artificial survey of geological environment. Based on the data acquired by the UAV flight in Mentougou District of Beijing in October,2016,the paper generates the orthophoto,digital elevation model and 3D model by using Pix4 Dmapper and other software,and then interprets geology of this area with remote sensing technology to establish the interpretation signs of landslide,ground subsidence,unstable slope,ground fissures,coal waste rock piles,and other slag heap,which forms a set of interpretation process of geological disaster that is suitable for UAV remote sensing of the mine. Finally,it is proved by field validation that the interpretation result of geological disaster by UAV remote sensing is good,which is suitable for wider application in monitoring geological disaster of the mine.
引文
常鸣,唐川,李为乐,等,2013.“4·20”芦山地震地质灾害遥感快速解译与空间分析[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),40(3):275-281.
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曹艳杰,杨大志,段嵘峰,2016.基于遥感影像信息的焦作市矿山地质环境解译标志研究[J].国土资源信息化,27(2):32-35,13.
丛晓明,郑永虎,2016.基于无人机遥感技术的青藏高原地质灾害遥感解译研究:以青海省大通煤矿区为例[J].青海师范大学学报(自然科学版),32(2):42-46.
金鼎坚,支晓栋,王建超,等,2016.面向地质灾害调查的无人机遥感影像处理软件比较[J].国土资源遥感,28(1):183-189.
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冉淑红,2014.北京市门头沟区地质灾害评价与防治研究[D].吉林:吉林大学.
唐兴元,徐宁,蒋为民,2009.浅谈城市地质调查与地质灾害治理在城市建设中的作用[J].地质学刊,33(4):423-425.
姚书朋,陈建平,唐超,等,2015.基于RS及GIS的泥石流等地质灾害三维定量评价[J].地质学刊,39(3):501-511.
周文生,吴振宇,刘海燕,2014.无人机遥感在矿山地质环境调查中的应用[J].地下水,36(2):128-129,160.
张小朋,余娜,2016.基于INPHO软件的快速空三加密方法[J].地理空间信息,14(10):75-77.
Da BSKI M,ZMARZ A,PABJANEK P,et al.,2017.UAV-based detection and spatial analyses of periglacial landforms on Demay Point(King George Island,South Shetland Islands,Antarctica)[J].Geomorphology,290:29-38.
VENKATARAMAN G,PAHALA KUMAR S,RATHA D S,et al.,1997.Open cast mine monitoring and environmental impact studies through remote sensing:a case study from Goa,India[J].Geocarto International,12(2):39-53.
陈宇琛,2015.基于UAV和GIS技术的废弃矿山地质灾害调查与评价[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京).
曹艳杰,杨大志,段嵘峰,2016.基于遥感影像信息的焦作市矿山地质环境解译标志研究[J].国土资源信息化,27(2):32-35,13.
丛晓明,郑永虎,2016.基于无人机遥感技术的青藏高原地质灾害遥感解译研究:以青海省大通煤矿区为例[J].青海师范大学学报(自然科学版),32(2):42-46.
金鼎坚,支晓栋,王建超,等,2016.面向地质灾害调查的无人机遥感影像处理软件比较[J].国土资源遥感,28(1):183-189.
罗国煜,2006.关于地裂缝地质灾害的优势面分析[J].地质学刊(原《江苏地质》),30(1):1-5.
欧阳华平,赖健清,张建国,等,2010.遥感技术在煤矿开采区详细地质灾害调查中的应用[J].地质学刊,34(2):183-186.
冉淑红,2014.北京市门头沟区地质灾害评价与防治研究[D].吉林:吉林大学.
唐兴元,徐宁,蒋为民,2009.浅谈城市地质调查与地质灾害治理在城市建设中的作用[J].地质学刊,33(4):423-425.
姚书朋,陈建平,唐超,等,2015.基于RS及GIS的泥石流等地质灾害三维定量评价[J].地质学刊,39(3):501-511.
周文生,吴振宇,刘海燕,2014.无人机遥感在矿山地质环境调查中的应用[J].地下水,36(2):128-129,160.
张小朋,余娜,2016.基于INPHO软件的快速空三加密方法[J].地理空间信息,14(10):75-77.
Da BSKI M,ZMARZ A,PABJANEK P,et al.,2017.UAV-based detection and spatial analyses of periglacial landforms on Demay Point(King George Island,South Shetland Islands,Antarctica)[J].Geomorphology,290:29-38.
VENKATARAMAN G,PAHALA KUMAR S,RATHA D S,et al.,1997.Open cast mine monitoring and environmental impact studies through remote sensing:a case study from Goa,India[J].Geocarto International,12(2):39-53.