阻燃EVA/油田污泥/石墨复合材料的性能研究
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摘要
以富含碳酸钙的油田污泥为阻燃添加剂,采用熔融共混的方法制备了乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)/油田污泥(OS)/石墨(GP)复合材料,并通过锥形量热仪测试及极限氧指数(LOI)和烟密度测试等手段研究了其阻燃、抑烟性能。结果表明,EVA/OS/GP复合材料的阻燃、抑烟性能明显优于纯EVA和EVA/OS复合材料。当OS和GP的质量分数分别为41%、9%时,EVA/OS/GP复合材料的热释放速率最低,其热释放速率峰值仅为229.8 k W/m2,LOI可达25.3%,并且在点火条件下,其比光密度一直保持在14%以上,抑烟效果最佳。
Ethylene-vinyl acetate(EVA)/oil sludge(OS)/graphite powder(GP) composites are prepared by melt blending method using CaCO_3 containing oil sludge as the main materials. Flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of the products are characterized using cone calorimetry test,limiting oxygen index(LOI),smoke density test,and so on. The results show that the flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of the EVA/OS/GP composites are better than those of EVA and EVA/OS composites. The heat release rate of the EVA/OS/GP composites containing41wt% OS and 9 wt% GP is the lowest among all the samples,with the peak heat release rate as 229. 8 k W/m2. Its LOI value is as high as 25. 3%. The smoke density test shows that the specific optical density of the composites containing 41wt% OS and 9 wt% GP is maintained above 14% under the pilot flame,exhibiting best smoke suppression effect.
Ethylene-vinyl acetate(EVA)/oil sludge(OS)/graphite powder(GP) composites are prepared by melt blending method using CaCO_3 containing oil sludge as the main materials. Flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of the products are characterized using cone calorimetry test,limiting oxygen index(LOI),smoke density test,and so on. The results show that the flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of the EVA/OS/GP composites are better than those of EVA and EVA/OS composites. The heat release rate of the EVA/OS/GP composites containing41wt% OS and 9 wt% GP is the lowest among all the samples,with the peak heat release rate as 229. 8 k W/m2. Its LOI value is as high as 25. 3%. The smoke density test shows that the specific optical density of the composites containing 41wt% OS and 9 wt% GP is maintained above 14% under the pilot flame,exhibiting best smoke suppression effect.
引文
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[3]Li L,Qian Y,Jiao C M.Synergistic flame retardant effect of melamine in ethylene-vinyl acetate/layered double hydroxides composites[J].Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry,2013,114(1):45-55.
[4]井蒙蒙,刘继纯,刘翠云,等.高分子材料的阻燃方法[J].中国塑料,2012,02:13-19.
[5]Jiao C M,Chen X L.Influence of fumed silica on the flame-retardant properties of ethylene vinyl acetate/aluminum hydroxide composites[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2011,120(3):1285-1289.
[6]Soyama M,Inoue K,Iji M.Flame retardancy of polycarbonate enhanced by adding fly ash[J].Polymers for Advanced Technologies,2007,18(5):386-391.
[7]Jia C X,Chen X L,Qian Y.Synergistic flame retardant effect of graphite powder in EVA/LDH composites[J].Plastics,Rubber and Composites,2014,43(2):46-53.
[8]Cheng S,Wang Y,Gao N,et al.Pyrolysis of oil sludge with oil sludge ash additive employing a stirred tank reactor[J].Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,2016,120:511-520.
[9]Hu G,Li J,Zeng G.Recent development in the treatment of oily sludge from petroleum industry:A review[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2013,261:470-490.
[10]魏彦林,吕雷,杨志刚,等.含油污泥回收处理技术进展[J].油田化学,2015,32(1):151-158.
[11]Shen Y,Chen X,Wang J,et al.Oil sludge recycling by ash-catalyzed pyrolysis-reforming processes[J].Fuel,2016,182:871-878.
[12]Ermakov V V,Bogomolov A,Bykov D E.Oil sludge depository assessment using multivariate data analysis[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2012,105:144-151.
[13]王志强,邢奕,洪晨,等.油田含油污泥掺煤资源化试验研究[J].安全与环境学报,2015,15(5):287-291.
[14]Zhang K,Zhu J,Zhou Y,et al.Analysis the fry-drying process of oily sludge sample[J].Chemical Engineering Research and Design,2014,92:2396-2403.
[15]Li X Q,Feng Z,Xia Y,et al.Protein-assisted synthesis of doubleshelled Ca CO3microcapsules and their mineralization with heavy metal ions[J].Chemistry-A European Journal,2012,18(7):1945-1952.
[16]Ni M,Ratner B D.Differentiating calcium carbonate polymorphs by surface analysis techniques-an XPS and TOF-SIMS study[J].Surface and Interface Analysis,2008,40(10):1356-1361.
[17]Li L,Qian Y,Jiao C M.Influence of red phosphorus on the flameretardant properties of ethylene vinyl acetate/layered double hydroxides composites[J].Iranian Polymer Journal,2012,21(9):557-568.
[18]Qian Y,Zhu X,Li S,et al.Flame-retardant properties of ethylenevinyl acetate/oil sludge/fumed silica composites[J].RSC Advances,2016,6(67):63091-63098.
[19]李姗姗,陈希磊,钱翌.以蔗渣为碳源制备膨胀型阻燃乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物[J].青岛科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015,36(5):487-492.
[20]罗丹,颜渊巍,杨军.膨胀阻燃EVA的阻燃性能及机理研究[J].塑料工业,2016,44(5):75-79.