分布式储能系统参与调压的主动配电网两段式电压协调控制策略
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摘要
针对主动配电网的电压问题,提出一种基于两阶段运行优化的传统调压设备与分布式储能系统(DESS)协调控制方法。第一阶段为模型预测控制,采用较长时间间隔调节网络节点电压,以传统调压设备为控制对象,以网络损耗最小为目标,建立优化模型,并采用锥优化算法高效求解;第二阶段为基于电压灵敏度的DESS分散控制,负责控制频繁波动的关键节点电压,包括无功功率控制和有功充放电控制,除了进行本地控制,还协调中央控制器完成其他关键节点的控制。修改后的IEEE 34节点系统算例分析表明,所提方法能够有效抑制关键节点电压的频繁波动,阻止网络电压越限,减轻传统调压设备的调压负担。
Aiming at the voltage problem of ADN(Active Distribution Network),a coordinated control method of traditional voltage regulation devices and DESS(Distributed Energy Storage System) based on two-stage operation optimization is proposed. The first stage is model predictive control,which uses a long time interval to regulate the network node voltage,takes traditional voltage regulation devices as the control objects,and an optimization model is built with the minimum power loss as its objective and solved by cone optimization algorithm with high efficiency. The second stage is voltage sensitivity based decentralized DESS control responsible for controlling critical node vol-tage with frequent fluctuation,which includes reactive power control and active power charging/discharging control,and coordinates with the central controller to control other critical nodes besides local control. The case analysis of modified IEEE 34-bus system shows that the proposed method can effectively restrain frequent voltage fluctuation of critical nodes,prohibit network voltage violate the limit,and relieve the voltage regulation stress of traditional voltage regulation devices.
Aiming at the voltage problem of ADN(Active Distribution Network),a coordinated control method of traditional voltage regulation devices and DESS(Distributed Energy Storage System) based on two-stage operation optimization is proposed. The first stage is model predictive control,which uses a long time interval to regulate the network node voltage,takes traditional voltage regulation devices as the control objects,and an optimization model is built with the minimum power loss as its objective and solved by cone optimization algorithm with high efficiency. The second stage is voltage sensitivity based decentralized DESS control responsible for controlling critical node vol-tage with frequent fluctuation,which includes reactive power control and active power charging/discharging control,and coordinates with the central controller to control other critical nodes besides local control. The case analysis of modified IEEE 34-bus system shows that the proposed method can effectively restrain frequent voltage fluctuation of critical nodes,prohibit network voltage violate the limit,and relieve the voltage regulation stress of traditional voltage regulation devices.
引文
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[2] 陈旭,张勇军,黄向敏.主动配电网背景下无功电压控制方法综述[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(1):143-151.CHEN Xu,ZHANG Yongjun,HUANG Xiangmin.Review of reac-tive power and voltage control method in the background of active distribution network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(1):143-151.
[3] 叶季蕾,薛金花,王伟,等.储能技术在电力系统中的应用现状与前景[J].中国电力,2014,47(3):1-5.YE Jilei,XUE Jinhua,WANG Wei,et al.Application of energy sto-rage technology and its prospect in power system[J].Electric Po-wer,2014,47(3):1-5.
[4] 王旭冉,郭庆来,孙宏斌,等.考虑快速动态无功补偿的二级电压控制[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(2):53-59.WANG Xuran,GUO Qinglai,SUN Hongbin,et al.Secondary voltage control considering rapid dynamic reactive power compensation[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(2):53-59.
[5] 王淳,高元海.基于概率统计的含间歇性分布式发电的配电网无功优化[J].电网技术,2014,38(4):1032-1037.WANG chun,GAO Yuanhai.Probability statistics based reactive po-wer optimization of distribution network containing intermittent distributed generations[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(4):1032-1037.
[6] 庄慧敏,张江林.基于模型预测的主动配电网电压协调控制[J].中国电力,2016,49(12):58-64.ZHUANG Huimin,ZHANG Jianglin.Coordinated voltage control based on model prediction in active distribution networks[J].Electric Power,2016,49(12):58-64.
[7] SHEMSEDIN N S,PEIYUAN C W.On coordinated control of OLTC and reactive power compensation for voltage regulation in distribu-tion systems with wind power[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2016,31(5):4026-4035.
[8] KASHEM M,MICHAEL N,GERARD L.A coordinated voltage control approach for coordination of OLTC,voltage regulator,and DG to regulate voltage in a distribution feeder[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2015,51(2):1239-1248.
[9] JOHANNA B,RITWIK M.Integration of distributed generation in the volt/var management system for active distribution networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2015,6(2):576-586.
[10] 董雷,明捷,蒲天骄,等.主动配电网三相电压优化及校正控制方法[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(1):35-40.DONG Lei,MING Jie,PU Tianjiao,et al.Three-phase voltage optimization and correction of active distribution network[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(1):35-40.
[11] 杨志淳,乐健,刘开培,等.基于多智能体的含虚拟发电厂配电网的电压稳定性协调控制[J].电力自动化设备,2013,33(11):32-37.YANG Zhichun,LE Jian,LIU Kaipei,et al.Coordinative voltage sta-bility control based on multi-agent theory for distribution network with VPP[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2013,33(11):32-37.
[12] 庄慧敏,肖健.主动配电网的两阶段优化调度模型[J].西南交通大学学报,2015,50(5):928-934.ZHUANG Huimin,XIAO Jian.A two-stage optimal schedule model for the active distribution network[J].Journal of Southwest Jiao-tong University,2015,50(5):928-934.
[13] SAM W,CARLOS G,JOHAN D.Combined central and local active and reactive power control of PV inverters[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,2016,5(3):776-784.
[14] MOEIN M,HASSAN F,ALI P,et al.A novel volt-var optimization engine for smart distribution networks utilizing vehicle to grid dispatch[J].Electrical Power and Energy Systems,2016,74:238-251.
[15] 苏栗,胡勇,王玮,等.基于电动汽车无功补偿的配电网电压调控策略[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(10):72-81.SU Li,HU Yong,WANG Wei,et al.Voltage regulation strategy for distribution network based on reactive power compensation of electric vehicles[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(10):72-81.
[16] ALAM M J E,MUTTAQI K M,SUTANTO D.Distributed energy sto-rage for mitigation of voltage-rise impact caused by rooftop solar PV[C]//2012 IEEE Power Energy Society General Meeting.San Diego,CA,USA:[s.n.],2012:1-8.
[17] MOKHTARI G,NOURBAKHSH G,GHOSH A.Centralized optimal control of energy storage units for voltage and loading management in distribution networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2013,28(4):4812-4820.
[18] LIU Xiaohu,AICHHORN A,LIU Liming,et al.Coordinated control of distributed energy storage system with tap changer transformers for voltage rise mitigation under high photovoltaic penetration[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2012,3(2):897-906.
[19] WANG P,LIANG D H,YI J,et al.Integrating electrical energy storage into coordinated voltage control schemes for distribution networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2014,5(2):1018-1032.
[20] GHASSEM M,GHAVAMEDDIN N,ARINDAM G.Smart coordination of Energy Storage Units(ESUs) for voltage and loading management in distribution networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2013,28(4):4812-4820.
[21] 李鹏,张保会,汪成根,等.基于模型预测的分布式电压协调控制[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(11):8-12.LI Peng,ZHANG Baohui,WANG Chenggen,et al.The model prediction based distributed coordinated voltage control[J].Automa-tion of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(11):8-12.
[22] 刘斌,刘锋,梅生伟,等.基于二阶锥优化的含有载调压变压器主动配电网最优潮流[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(19):40-47.LIU Bin,LIU Feng,MEI Shengwei,et al.Optimal power flow in active distribution networks with on-load tap changer based on second-order cone programming[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(19):40-47.
[23] 朱泽锋,赵晋泉,魏文辉,等.主动配电网中电池储能系统最优充放电策略[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(20):47-54.ZHU Zefeng,ZHAO Jinquan,WEI Wenhui,et al.Optimal charging and discharging scheme of battery energy storage system in active distribution network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(20):47-54.
[24] ZKARIM H Y.A new method for online sensitivity-based distribu-ted voltage control and short circuit analysis of unbalanced distribution feeders[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2015,6(3):1253-1260.