缓解断奶仔猪应激的室内气候环控模式研究
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摘要
[目的]研究2种不同温控模式对断奶仔猪生长性能、发病率、死亡率以及经济效益的影响。[方法]试验选用480头28日龄健康断奶仔猪,随机分为2组(对照组和试验组),进行生长性能测定。对照组为常规恒温模式(24℃),试验组为断奶仔猪转入保育舍后采用高于分娩舍温度4℃,然后7 d内逐渐降温到正常舍温度(对照舍温度)的模式,试验期32 d。[结果]试验组断奶仔猪的末重、日均采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),料重比显著低于对照组(P<0.05);试验组断奶后1～7 d仔猪的腹泻率显著低于对照组(P<0.05),断奶7 d后仔猪的腹泻率低于对照组(P>0.05),试验组仔猪的死亡率和僵猪率均低于对照组;试验组使用变温模式后获得的经济效益优于对照组。[结论]采用变温模式饲养断奶仔猪不仅能降低仔猪的发病率和僵猪率,而且能够提高仔猪的生长性能,增加经济效益。
[Objective] To study the effects of two different temperature control models on the growth performance,morbidity,mortality and economic benefits of weaned piglets.[Method] 480 healthy weaned piglets(28-day-old) were randomly divided into two groups(test group and control group).The control group was in the routine constant temperature model(24 ℃),and the experimental group was in the mode of 4 ℃ higher than the delivery room temperature,and then gradually cooled to the normal room temperature(control room temperature) within 7 days.The experimental period was 32 days.[Result] The final weight,ADFI and ADG of weaned piglets in test group were significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.05),and the feed-weight ratio was significantly lower than that in control group(P< 0.05).The diarrhea rate of weaned piglets in test group was significantly lower than that in control group during the 1~(st)-7~(th) day after weaning(P<0.05),and the diarrhea rate after 7 days of weaning was lower than that of control group(P>0.05),and the mortality rate and the stiff-pig rate in test group were lower than those in control group.The economic benefits obtained from the variable temperature model in test group were better than that in control group.[Conclusion]Feeding piglets with variable temperature model could not only reduce the morbidity and the stiff-pig rate,but it could also increase the growth performance and economic benefits of piglets.
[Objective] To study the effects of two different temperature control models on the growth performance,morbidity,mortality and economic benefits of weaned piglets.[Method] 480 healthy weaned piglets(28-day-old) were randomly divided into two groups(test group and control group).The control group was in the routine constant temperature model(24 ℃),and the experimental group was in the mode of 4 ℃ higher than the delivery room temperature,and then gradually cooled to the normal room temperature(control room temperature) within 7 days.The experimental period was 32 days.[Result] The final weight,ADFI and ADG of weaned piglets in test group were significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.05),and the feed-weight ratio was significantly lower than that in control group(P< 0.05).The diarrhea rate of weaned piglets in test group was significantly lower than that in control group during the 1~(st)-7~(th) day after weaning(P<0.05),and the diarrhea rate after 7 days of weaning was lower than that of control group(P>0.05),and the mortality rate and the stiff-pig rate in test group were lower than those in control group.The economic benefits obtained from the variable temperature model in test group were better than that in control group.[Conclusion]Feeding piglets with variable temperature model could not only reduce the morbidity and the stiff-pig rate,but it could also increase the growth performance and economic benefits of piglets.
引文
[1] 高增月,卢朝义,赵书广.环境自动控制技术在仔猪生产上的应用研究[J].农业新技术·今日养猪业,2007(1):45-48.
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[5] 李丹,唐威,梁远东.仔猪断奶应激及其调控的研究进展[J].饲料博览,2009(5):12-15.
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[7] 吕彩霞,王永杰,李瑞刚,等.冷应激反应的神经机制及对免疫系统的影响[J].兽医导刊,2008(3):27.
[8] LEFAUCHEUR L,LE DIVIDICH J,MOUROT J,et al.Influence of environment temperature on growth,muscle and adipose tissue metabolism,and meat quality in swine[J].J Anim Sci,1991,69(7):2844-2854.
[9] 王向荣,贺建华,戴求仲,等.早期断奶应激对仔猪肠黏膜屏障功能的影响及其监测与修复[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(11):3197-3202.
[10] 张令钢,王晶,戴成吉,等.仔猪断奶应激的研究进展[J].上海畜牧兽医通讯,2009(6):24-25.
[11] 全炳昭,唐玉新,黄仁友,等.早期断奶应激(EWS)对仔猪影响的研究-对生长、体重、行为和发病率影响的试验观察[J].江西农业大学学报,1997,19(1):59-64.
[12] 翟少钦,付文贵.仔猪断奶应激的研究进展[J].兽药与饲料添加剂,2005,10(2):28-30.
[13] 王芳.猪低温症的病因及综合治疗方法[J].当代畜牧,2017(17):70-71.
[2] 汪保,李胜,陈朝阳.规模化猪场使用热风炉对仔猪成活率影响[J].中国畜禽种业,2015,11(11):61-62.
[3] 雷云峰,龚建军,曾凯,等.保育舍不同供暖方式的技术经济效果比较研究[J].养猪,2016(1):73-75.
[4] 韩战强,李鹏伟,刘燕,等.规模化猪场全气候环境控制系统设备对保育仔猪成活率的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2013,45(7):113.
[5] 李丹,唐威,梁远东.仔猪断奶应激及其调控的研究进展[J].饲料博览,2009(5):12-15.
[6] 欧秀琼,郭宗义.环境温度变化对仔猪和生长肥育猪健康及生产力的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2014,46(6):129-132.
[7] 吕彩霞,王永杰,李瑞刚,等.冷应激反应的神经机制及对免疫系统的影响[J].兽医导刊,2008(3):27.
[8] LEFAUCHEUR L,LE DIVIDICH J,MOUROT J,et al.Influence of environment temperature on growth,muscle and adipose tissue metabolism,and meat quality in swine[J].J Anim Sci,1991,69(7):2844-2854.
[9] 王向荣,贺建华,戴求仲,等.早期断奶应激对仔猪肠黏膜屏障功能的影响及其监测与修复[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(11):3197-3202.
[10] 张令钢,王晶,戴成吉,等.仔猪断奶应激的研究进展[J].上海畜牧兽医通讯,2009(6):24-25.
[11] 全炳昭,唐玉新,黄仁友,等.早期断奶应激(EWS)对仔猪影响的研究-对生长、体重、行为和发病率影响的试验观察[J].江西农业大学学报,1997,19(1):59-64.
[12] 翟少钦,付文贵.仔猪断奶应激的研究进展[J].兽药与饲料添加剂,2005,10(2):28-30.
[13] 王芳.猪低温症的病因及综合治疗方法[J].当代畜牧,2017(17):70-71.