重庆市机关事业单位慢性病高风险人群烟草相关知识调查及影响因素
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摘要
目的了解重庆市机关事业单位慢性病高风险人群烟草危害知识知晓情况,为采取有效的控烟干预措施提供参考。方法 2016年12月—2017年3月,对在机关事业单位筛查发现的1 294名慢性病高风险人群中进行烟草相关知识知晓程度问卷调查,并采用χ~2检验和多因素非条件logistic回归分析进行分析。结果在对1 294名调查对象进行的烟草相关知识调查中,吸烟可致肺癌的知晓程度最高,占81.53%;其次是吸烟可致中风,占49.46%;吸烟可致心脏病,占44.36%。仅有19.63%的人对"低焦油含量的卷烟危害比一般卷烟小"表示反对;32.15%的人表示赞同。多因素分析显示,文化程度(OR=1.16,95%CI:1.04～1.30)、婚姻状况(OR=0.63,95%CI:0.46～0.86)和健康状况(OR=0.85,95%CI:0.74～0.98)是烟草危害知识知晓率独立影响因素。结论重庆市机关事业单位慢性病高风险人群对烟草危害认知不够,机关事业单位需加强烟草危害相关知识的宣传和行为干预。
[Objective]To understand the awareness status of tobacco hazard knowledge among high risk population of chronic diseases in government organizations and institutions from Chongqing,and provide reference for taking effective tobacco control interventions.[Methods]A total of 1 294 high risk populations of chronic diseases in government organizations and institutions were investigated on tobacco-related knowledge awareness from December 2016 to March 2017,and chi-square test and multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis were adopted to analyzed.[Results]In 1 294 respondents,the awareness rate of smoking can cause lung cancer was the highest,accounting for 81.53%,followed by that of smoking can cause stroke,accounting for 49.46%,that of smoking can cause heart disease accounting for 44.36%.Only 19.63% of respondents objected to the "low tar content of cigarettes is less harmful than general cigarettes",and 32.15% of respondents agreed. Multivariate analysis showed that the degree of education(OR=1.16,95%CI: 1.04-1.30),marital status(OR=0.63,95%CI:0.46-0.86) and health status( OR = 0. 85, 95 % CI : 0. 74-0. 98) were independent influencing factor of tobacco hazard knowledge awareness rate.[Conclusion] People with high risk of chronic diseases in government organizations and institutions from Chongqing have insufficient awareness of tobacco hazards,and the government organizations and institutions should strengthen the promotion of knowledge related to tobacco hazards and behavioral interventions.
[Objective]To understand the awareness status of tobacco hazard knowledge among high risk population of chronic diseases in government organizations and institutions from Chongqing,and provide reference for taking effective tobacco control interventions.[Methods]A total of 1 294 high risk populations of chronic diseases in government organizations and institutions were investigated on tobacco-related knowledge awareness from December 2016 to March 2017,and chi-square test and multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis were adopted to analyzed.[Results]In 1 294 respondents,the awareness rate of smoking can cause lung cancer was the highest,accounting for 81.53%,followed by that of smoking can cause stroke,accounting for 49.46%,that of smoking can cause heart disease accounting for 44.36%.Only 19.63% of respondents objected to the "low tar content of cigarettes is less harmful than general cigarettes",and 32.15% of respondents agreed. Multivariate analysis showed that the degree of education(OR=1.16,95%CI: 1.04-1.30),marital status(OR=0.63,95%CI:0.46-0.86) and health status( OR = 0. 85, 95 % CI : 0. 74-0. 98) were independent influencing factor of tobacco hazard knowledge awareness rate.[Conclusion] People with high risk of chronic diseases in government organizations and institutions from Chongqing have insufficient awareness of tobacco hazards,and the government organizations and institutions should strengthen the promotion of knowledge related to tobacco hazards and behavioral interventions.
引文
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[2]杨焱,南奕,屠梦吴,等.《2015中国成人烟草调查报告》概要[J].中华健康管理学杂志,2016,10(2):85-87.
[3]WU L,HE Y,JIANG B,et al.Impact of intervention on tobacco related knowledge,attitudes and practice of smokers[J].Chin J Epidemiol,2015,36(2):119-123.
[4]杨焱,王继江,王聪晓.我国成人烟草危害相关知识知晓率研究[C].第15届全国控制吸烟学术研讨会,北京,2011:9.
[5]许兆瑞,庄程,章春宇,等.长春城区居民对烟草危害认知及禁烟态度调查[J].中国公共卫生,2015,31(4):412-415.
[6]卢艳华,梅欣,李俊林,等.武汉市城区居民烟草危害认知及公共场所禁烟态度[J].职业与健康,2018,34(4):484-493.
[7]沈文达,李威,郑文龙,等.天津市城区居民对烟草危害认知及态度的调查[J].实用预防医学,2016,23(9):1032-1035.
[8]卫生部疾病预防控制局.全国慢性病预防控制工作规范[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2011.28-31.
[9]CHENG HG,MCBRIDE O,PHILLIPS MR.Relationship between knowledge about the harms of smoking and smoking status in the 2010 Global Adult Tobacco China Survey[J].Tob Control,2015,24(1):54-61.
[10]HARRIS JE,THUN MJ,MONDUL AM,et al.Cigarette tar yields in relation to mortality from lung cancer in the cancer prevention study IIprospective cohort[J],BMJ,2004,328(7431):72-79.
[11]GALLUS S,RANDI G,NEGRI E,et al.Tar yield and risk of acute myocardial infarction:pooled analysis from three case-control studies[J].Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil,2007,14(2):299-303.
[12]GULLU H,CALISKAN M,CIFTEI O,et al.Light cigarette smoking impairs coronary micro-vascular functions as severely as smoking regular cigarettes[J].Heart,2007,93(10):1274-1277.
[13]徐继英,梁伯衡,谢帆,等.中国6城市低焦油香烟吸食者认知及影响因素[J].中国公共卫生,2009,25(10):1180-1182.
[14]WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION.WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic,2008:the MPOWER package[EB/OL].(2008-12-08)[2018-12-25].https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/12309284.
[15]卫生部履行《烟草控制框架公约》领导小组办公室.2008年中国控制吸烟报告[EB/OL].(2008-05-29)[2018-12-25].http://www.tcrc.org.cn/html/zy/cbw/jc/1130.html.
[16]卫生部履行《烟草控制框架公约》领导小组办公室.2007年中国控制吸烟报告[EB/OL].(2007-05-29)[2018-12-25].http://www.tcrc.org.cn/html/zy/cbw/jc/1128.html.
[17]吴雅红,姜垣.烟草广告的发展及控制历程[J].中国健康教育,2006,22(3):223-224.
[18]杨焱,吴曦,姜垣,等.我国医生烟草危害相关知识知晓情况[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2009,17(5):469-472.
[19]姜垣,李强,肖琳,等.中国烟草流行与控制[J].中华流行病学杂志,2011.32(12):1181-1187.
[20]见明智,陈洁,陶建华.绍兴市烟包警示教育活动干预效果评价[J].实用预防医学,2015,22(4):461-462.