不同产地山药功能成分的比较
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摘要
山药不仅仅是一味滋阴补肺的良药,也是生活中经常食用的保健食品,其含有多种功能成分。以三种国家地理标志物山药,即湖北武穴的"佛手山药"、湖北利川的"利川山药"和河南焦作的"铁棍山药"为原料,分别测定和比较了三种山药的总多糖、总皂苷、黏蛋白和总多酚等功能成分的含量,为湖北当地山药的开发提供一定的依据。结果表明,利川山药的黏蛋白、总多糖、总多酚和总皂苷含量均为最高。1g佛手山药、利川山药、铁棍山药的总多糖含量分别为36.08mg、44.34mg、36.93mg,总多酚含量分别为2.44mg、2.89mg、2.00mg,黏蛋白含量分别为32.62mg、46.7mg、43.74mg,总皂苷含量分别为111.47μg、449.78μg、196.24μg。
Yam is not only agood medicine for nourishing Yin and tonifying lung,but also a healthy food which is often eaten in daily life.It contains many functional ingredients.This study took three national geographical markers as raw materials,namely"Foshou yam"at Wuxue in Hubei,"Lichuan yam" at Lichuan in Hubei and "Tiegun yam" at Jiaozuo in Henan,respectively measured and compared the contents of total polysaccharides,total saponins,mucin and total polyphenols of the three kinds of yam,and might provide some reference for the choice of yam.The results showed that the contents of total polysaccharides,total saponins,mucin and total polyphenols in Lichuan yam were the highest among the three.The total polysaccharide content of 1 g Foshou Dioscorea,Lichuan Dioscorea and Tiegun Dioscorea were respectively 36.08 mg,44.34 mg and 36.93 mg.The total polyphenol content was 2.44 mg,2.89 mg and 2.00 mg.The mucin content was 32.62 mg,46.7 mg and43.74 mg.The total saponin content was 111.47μg,449.78μg and 196.24μg respectively.
Yam is not only agood medicine for nourishing Yin and tonifying lung,but also a healthy food which is often eaten in daily life.It contains many functional ingredients.This study took three national geographical markers as raw materials,namely"Foshou yam"at Wuxue in Hubei,"Lichuan yam" at Lichuan in Hubei and "Tiegun yam" at Jiaozuo in Henan,respectively measured and compared the contents of total polysaccharides,total saponins,mucin and total polyphenols of the three kinds of yam,and might provide some reference for the choice of yam.The results showed that the contents of total polysaccharides,total saponins,mucin and total polyphenols in Lichuan yam were the highest among the three.The total polysaccharide content of 1 g Foshou Dioscorea,Lichuan Dioscorea and Tiegun Dioscorea were respectively 36.08 mg,44.34 mg and 36.93 mg.The total polyphenol content was 2.44 mg,2.89 mg and 2.00 mg.The mucin content was 32.62 mg,46.7 mg and43.74 mg.The total saponin content was 111.47μg,449.78μg and 196.24μg respectively.
引文
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[16]樊素芳,王彩霞,徐翠莲,等.山药总多酚的提取工艺优化[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(33):18770-18772.
[17]于莲,张俊婷,马淑霞,等.山药多糖提取工艺优化及其抗菌活性研究[J].中成药,2014,36(6):194-1198.
[18]高行恩,王洪新.不同提取方法对山药多糖含量及其体外抗氧化活性的影响[J].食品与发酵工业,2015,41(7):256-262.
[19]王彦平,杨庆莹,孙瑞琳,等.不同酶法辅助提取紫山药皮薯蓣皂苷及其抗氧化活性研究[J].食品工业科技,2017,38(10):200-204.
[20]韩秋敏,李登超,陆正清.微波法提取淮山药薯蓣皂苷的工艺研究[J].食品工业,2012,33(12):28-30.
[21]吴祥庭,朱涛,郑巧敏,等.响应面法优化山药皮中皂苷提取的研究[J].中国粮油学报,2011,26(6):91-96.
[22]李宁宁,马占玲,陈思,等.山药中多酚的提取及其对亚硝酸盐的清除作用[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2017,8(2):475-480.
[2]张云芳,蒋孟良.山药的药理作用与炮制工艺研究进展[J].实用药物与临床,2012,15(1):49-51.
[3]赵国华,王赟,李志孝,等.山药多糖的免疫调节作用[J].营养学报,2002,24(2):187-188.
[4]周庆峰,姜书纳,马亢,等.铁棍山药多糖抗疲劳及耐缺氧作用研究[J].时珍国医国药,2014,25(2):284-285.
[5]关倩倩,张文龙,杜方岭,等.山药多糖生物活性及作用机理研究进展[J].中国食物与营养,2018,24(3):11-14.
[6]王晓荣.薯蓣皂苷元抑制人肝癌细胞株SSMC-7721增殖及其机制研究[D].南京:南京中医药大学,2014.
[7]马立新,吴丽平,贾连春,等.山药对糖尿病患者血糖及胃肠激素的影响[J].时珍国医国药,2007,18(8):1864-1865.
[8]李春红,陈岑,夏之宁,等.植物源活性蛋白的药理作用及分析方法研究进展[J].中国中药杂志,2015,40(13):2508-2517.
[9]刘世昌,李献平,刘敏,等.四大怀药对小鼠血液中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性和过氧化脂质含量的影响[J].中药材,1991,14(4):39-40.
[10]朱红艳,许金俊.山药延缓衰老研究进展[J].时珍国医国药,1999,10(6):468-468.
[11]王雪飞,张华.多酚类物质生理功能的研究进展[J].食品研究与开发,2012,33(2):211-214.
[12]陈金秀,高松颖,马培志.怀庆山药对小鼠脑内单胺递质水平的影响[J].中国中药杂志,1998,23(11):693-694.
[13]李宏睿,王彩霞,徐翠莲,等.山药多糖提取工艺的优化及抗氧化活性的测定[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(6):3322-3324.
[14]张敏,杜琳,黄桂东,等.山药总皂甙的提取研究[J].中药材,2007,30(7):854-857.
[15]戴榕,孔得信,李宗羽,等.山药黏蛋白的两种提取工艺及其对食道癌细胞的抑制[J].食品工业科技,2015,36(13):371-375.
[16]樊素芳,王彩霞,徐翠莲,等.山药总多酚的提取工艺优化[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(33):18770-18772.
[17]于莲,张俊婷,马淑霞,等.山药多糖提取工艺优化及其抗菌活性研究[J].中成药,2014,36(6):194-1198.
[18]高行恩,王洪新.不同提取方法对山药多糖含量及其体外抗氧化活性的影响[J].食品与发酵工业,2015,41(7):256-262.
[19]王彦平,杨庆莹,孙瑞琳,等.不同酶法辅助提取紫山药皮薯蓣皂苷及其抗氧化活性研究[J].食品工业科技,2017,38(10):200-204.
[20]韩秋敏,李登超,陆正清.微波法提取淮山药薯蓣皂苷的工艺研究[J].食品工业,2012,33(12):28-30.
[21]吴祥庭,朱涛,郑巧敏,等.响应面法优化山药皮中皂苷提取的研究[J].中国粮油学报,2011,26(6):91-96.
[22]李宁宁,马占玲,陈思,等.山药中多酚的提取及其对亚硝酸盐的清除作用[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2017,8(2):475-480.