笔石生物演化与地层年代标定在页岩气勘探开发中的重大意义
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摘要
中国海相页岩气在四川盆地及周缘地区实现了工业性开发,成为未来天然气产量增长的重要来源之一。页岩气主要产自南方海相奥陶纪到志留纪地层中,因为埋藏深、地层古老、地层压力大、热演化程度高和地质构造复杂,给页岩气勘探开发带来了挑战。四川盆地产天然气的黑色页岩含有丰富多样的笔石化石,古生物学家运用笔石生物地层学的方法,对中国南方奥陶纪到志留纪地层开展了笔石生物地层学研究,建立了高分辨率的笔石生物带,为黑色笔石页岩的精确地层划分和对比提供了关键工具,并据此厘定了四川盆地页岩气产出的主要烃源岩层及储层,为中国页岩气有利含气层段的圈选和勘探开发发挥了指导作用。
Shale gas has realized industrial developing in the Sichuan Basin and its peripheral region, and has become one of the important resources for future natural gas production growth of China. The shale gas in the Sichuan Basin is produced from the Ordovician and Silurian strata which are deeply buried with high thermal evolution and complicated tectonic history, thus bring challenges to the shale gas exploration.Fortunately, the gas-producing black shale is rich in graptolite fossils. Paleontologists used the method of graptolite biostratigraphy to recognize the precise stratigraphic intervals of favorable gas-producing black shale in the Sichuan Basin using well-established high-resolution graptolite biostratigraphy, providing a critical tool to guide the exploration of the shale gas recourse in China.
Shale gas has realized industrial developing in the Sichuan Basin and its peripheral region, and has become one of the important resources for future natural gas production growth of China. The shale gas in the Sichuan Basin is produced from the Ordovician and Silurian strata which are deeply buried with high thermal evolution and complicated tectonic history, thus bring challenges to the shale gas exploration.Fortunately, the gas-producing black shale is rich in graptolite fossils. Paleontologists used the method of graptolite biostratigraphy to recognize the precise stratigraphic intervals of favorable gas-producing black shale in the Sichuan Basin using well-established high-resolution graptolite biostratigraphy, providing a critical tool to guide the exploration of the shale gas recourse in China.
引文
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[16]李刚,赵迪斐,郭英海.川东南地区龙马溪组页岩笔石与沉积环境的关系[J].科学技术与工程,2018,18(12):16-23.Li Gang,Zhao Difei,Guo Yinghai.The relationship between graptolite of Longmaxi shale and sedimentary environment in southeastern Sichuan[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2018,18(12):16-23.
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[18]陈旭,肖承协,陈洪冶.华南五峰期笔石动物群的分异及缺氧环境[J].古生物学报,1987,26(3):326-338.Chen Xu,Xiao Chengxie,Chen Hongye.Wufengian(ashgillian)graptolite faunal differentiation and anoxic environment in south China[J].Acta Palaeontologica Sinica,1987,26(3):326-338.
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