香港职业教育的历史变革初探
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摘要
香港职业教育发展逾150年。香港职业教育史可分为四个时期:第一时期为香港开埠初期,以工商业及海员训练为主,首所工商学校于1864年由教会成立。第二时期为抗战结束,职校林立,工商业教育发展兴盛。第三时期为20世纪90年代初,当时工业式微,很多职校转型为文化中学,职业学校大减。第四时期踏入21世纪,职校重振旗鼓,推行资历课程,积极与企业合作,培育各行业具有竞争力的专才,获得社会的肯定。
The vocational education in Hong Kong has lasted for 150 years. The development of vocational education in Hong Kong is divided into four periods. The first period started from the opening of Hong Kong in 1842. The main feature was the training of skilled workers for industrial, commercial and marine sectors. This period also witnessed the establishment of the first industrial and commercial school by the Church in 1864. The second period started from 1945, the end of World War II. This period witnessed the widely establishment of vocational schools due to the rapid development of industrial and commercial sectors in Hong Kong. The third period started from the early 90 s of the 20~(th) century. The number of vocational schools decreased and many of them were transformed to general secondary schools due to the decline of industries in Hong Kong. The fourth period started from the 21~(st) century which witnessed the redevelopment of vocational education. The introduction of programs is based on qualification framework and cooperation between education and business sectors. All these aimed to train professionals for various industrial and commercial sectors.
The vocational education in Hong Kong has lasted for 150 years. The development of vocational education in Hong Kong is divided into four periods. The first period started from the opening of Hong Kong in 1842. The main feature was the training of skilled workers for industrial, commercial and marine sectors. This period also witnessed the establishment of the first industrial and commercial school by the Church in 1864. The second period started from 1945, the end of World War II. This period witnessed the widely establishment of vocational schools due to the rapid development of industrial and commercial sectors in Hong Kong. The third period started from the early 90 s of the 20~(th) century. The number of vocational schools decreased and many of them were transformed to general secondary schools due to the decline of industries in Hong Kong. The fourth period started from the 21~(st) century which witnessed the redevelopment of vocational education. The introduction of programs is based on qualification framework and cooperation between education and business sectors. All these aimed to train professionals for various industrial and commercial sectors.
引文
[1]夏其龙.香港天主教传教史[M].香港:三联书店(香港)有限公司,2014:309-310.
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[5]立法会.1975年第317章《工业训练(建造业)条例》设立建造业训练局;立法会1975年第318章《工业训练(制衣业)条例》设立制衣业训练局[EB/OL].(1975-09-05)[2017-01-14].http://www.legislation.gov.hk/blis_ind.nsf/Web View?Open Agent&vwpg=curallchindoc*293*100*319.1#319.1.
[6]社会事务司.香港未来十年内之中等教育白皮书[R].香港:香港政府印务局.
[7]立法会.1975年第1130章《职业训练局条例》设立建造业训练局[EB/OL].(1982-02-26)[2017-01-14].http://www.legislation.gov.hk/blis_pdf.nsf/6799165D2FE E3FA94825755E0033E532/5C68FF256AFD5450482575EF00260A0E?Open Document&bt=0.
[8]朱家威.立法会秘书处.资料研究组.香港职业教育发展的回顾[EB/OL].(2015-08-03)[2017-01-14].http://www.legco.gov.hk/research-publications/chinese/1415in15-review-of-development-of-vocational-educationin-hong-kong-20150813-c.pdf.
[9]港闻记者.青少年失业日趋严重[N].香港:明报,2000-06-05.
[2]夏其龙.十九世纪香港天主教的华人传教士[J].神思,2000(47):73-82.
[3]香港劳校劳校六十周年校庆特刊(1946—2006)[M].香港:劳校,2006.
[4]University of Hong Kong.Department of Extra-Mural Studies[A].Programme of extra-mural courses.Hong Kong:the Dept,1957:3.
[5]立法会.1975年第317章《工业训练(建造业)条例》设立建造业训练局;立法会1975年第318章《工业训练(制衣业)条例》设立制衣业训练局[EB/OL].(1975-09-05)[2017-01-14].http://www.legislation.gov.hk/blis_ind.nsf/Web View?Open Agent&vwpg=curallchindoc*293*100*319.1#319.1.
[6]社会事务司.香港未来十年内之中等教育白皮书[R].香港:香港政府印务局.
[7]立法会.1975年第1130章《职业训练局条例》设立建造业训练局[EB/OL].(1982-02-26)[2017-01-14].http://www.legislation.gov.hk/blis_pdf.nsf/6799165D2FE E3FA94825755E0033E532/5C68FF256AFD5450482575EF00260A0E?Open Document&bt=0.
[8]朱家威.立法会秘书处.资料研究组.香港职业教育发展的回顾[EB/OL].(2015-08-03)[2017-01-14].http://www.legco.gov.hk/research-publications/chinese/1415in15-review-of-development-of-vocational-educationin-hong-kong-20150813-c.pdf.
[9]港闻记者.青少年失业日趋严重[N].香港:明报,2000-06-05.