无黏土高温高密度油基钻井液
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摘要
针对塔里木盆地山前构造带井深高温以及地层裂缝发育的特点,研发了油基钻井液关键处理剂,其包括主乳化剂HT-MUL、辅乳化剂HT-WET、提切剂ZNTQ-1。乳化剂通过抗高温的亲水亲油官能团,在油水界面形成具有很强黏弹性的界面膜来提高乳化能力;基于超分子原理,提切剂通过在油水界面的氢键作用提高乳状液的凝胶强度,达到替代有机土的效果。以乳化剂和提切剂为核心处理剂配制的无黏土高温高密度油基钻井液,抗温达220℃,密度达2.50 g/cm3,老化后乳化稳定性好,不出现分层现象,高温高压滤失量小于10.0 m L,具有极好的滤失性,可通过柴油配制得到。无黏土高温高密度油基钻井液克服了以往有机土油基钻井液高温易降解失效和高密度下流变性差的缺点;同时提切剂取代有机土,除了能进一步加快钻速外,还能降低储层损害程度,是目前油基钻井液技术的领先技术,具有极好的应用前景。
Considering the characteristics of deep well, high temperature and formation fracture in Tarim piedmont tectonic belt,some key reagents of oil-based drilling fluid, such as primary emulsifier HT-MUL, auxiliary emulsifier HT-WET, and viscosifier ZNTQ-1 were prepared. The improvement of emulsion ability results from the efficient viscoelastic film generated by the hydrophilic group and hydrophobic group with high temperature tolerance in the oil-water interface. Based on the supramolecular chemistry,ZNTQ-1 improves the gel strength with hydrogen bond in the oil-water interface and has the effect of clay in drilling fluid. Highdensity clay-free oil-based drilling fluid, which has the characteristics of anti-temperature 220 ℃, density 2.50 g/cm3, is prepared by the key agent emulsifiers and viscosifier. The oil-based drilling fluid system, whose base oil is diesel, has excellent emulsion stability and its HTHP filtration is less than 10.0 ml after aging. Comparing with the conventional clay oil-based drilling fluid, the clay-free oil-based drilling fluid has excellent anti-temperature degradation, lower formation damage, high drilling speed and rheological property under high density. Therefore, the clay-free oil-based drilling fluid is an advanced oil-based drilling fluid technology now and has excellent application prospect.
Considering the characteristics of deep well, high temperature and formation fracture in Tarim piedmont tectonic belt,some key reagents of oil-based drilling fluid, such as primary emulsifier HT-MUL, auxiliary emulsifier HT-WET, and viscosifier ZNTQ-1 were prepared. The improvement of emulsion ability results from the efficient viscoelastic film generated by the hydrophilic group and hydrophobic group with high temperature tolerance in the oil-water interface. Based on the supramolecular chemistry,ZNTQ-1 improves the gel strength with hydrogen bond in the oil-water interface and has the effect of clay in drilling fluid. Highdensity clay-free oil-based drilling fluid, which has the characteristics of anti-temperature 220 ℃, density 2.50 g/cm3, is prepared by the key agent emulsifiers and viscosifier. The oil-based drilling fluid system, whose base oil is diesel, has excellent emulsion stability and its HTHP filtration is less than 10.0 ml after aging. Comparing with the conventional clay oil-based drilling fluid, the clay-free oil-based drilling fluid has excellent anti-temperature degradation, lower formation damage, high drilling speed and rheological property under high density. Therefore, the clay-free oil-based drilling fluid is an advanced oil-based drilling fluid technology now and has excellent application prospect.
引文
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[16]覃勇,蒋官澄,邓正强,等.抗高温油基钻井液主乳化剂的合成与评价[J].钻井液与完井液,2016,33(1):6-10.
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[2]胡健,焦兵.中国西部地区石油天然气产业集聚水平测度的实证研究[J].统计与信息论坛,2007,22(1):19-23.
[3]李小地,赵文智,张国生,等.中国西部地区石油资源潜力与开发前景[J].资源科学,2003,25(4):20-24.
[4]王旭东,郭保雨,张海青,等.抗高温油包水型乳化剂的研制与应用[J].钻井液与完井液,2013,30(4):9-12,91.
[5]李科,李翔宇,蒋剑春,等.新型乳化剂制备及其微乳柴油的研究[J].生物质化学工程,2010,44(2):19-22.
[6]曹杰,邱正松,徐加放,等.有机土研究进展[J].钻井液与完井液,2012,29(3):81-84,98.
[7]王茂功,王奎才,李英敏,等.白油基钻井液用有机土的研制[J].钻井液与完井液,2009,26(5):1-3.
[8]SEIN A,VERHEIJ J A,AGTEROF W G M.Rheological characterization,crystallization,and gelation behavior of monoglyceride gels[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2002,249(2):412-422.
[9]DANOV K D.On the viscosity of dilute emulsions[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2001,235(1):144-149.
[10]蒋官澄,黄凯,李新亮,等.抗高温高密度无土相柴油基钻井液室内研究[J].石油钻探技术,2016,44(6):24-29.
[11]凡帆,王京光,蔺文洁.长宁区块页岩气水平井无土相油基钻井液技术[J].石油钻探技术,2016,44(5):34-39.
[12]SAASEN A,LIU D,MARKEN C D.Prediction of barite sag potential of drilling fluids from rheological measurements[R].SPE 29410,1995.
[13]冯建建,王茂仁,王晨,等.超高温高密度油基钻井液的性能评价[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2014(10):265-266.
[14]覃勇,蒋官澄,邓正强,等.聚酯提切剂的研制及高密度油包水钻井液的配制[J].钻井液与完井液,2015,32(6):1-4.
[15]蒋官澄,贺垠博,黄贤斌,等.基于超分子技术的高密度无黏土油基钻井液体系[J].石油勘探与开发,2016,43(1):131-135.
[16]覃勇,蒋官澄,邓正强,等.抗高温油基钻井液主乳化剂的合成与评价[J].钻井液与完井液,2016,33(1):6-10.
[17]张跃,张博,吴正良,等.高密度油基钻井液在超深复杂探井中的应用[J].钻采工艺,2013,36(6):95-97.