野生鸡（土从）脂肪油组成GC/MS比较分析
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摘要
应用GC/MS联用技术分析鉴定蚁巢伞属3种鸡中脂肪油中的化学成分并评价其保健作用。从鸡中提得游离脂肪油和结合脂肪油,分别经甲酯化处理后,应用GC/MS联用技术进行分析鉴定。结果表明:3种鸡中游离脂肪油主要含有8,11-十八碳二烯酸、9-十八碳烯酸等,其中鸡中鉴定出5种脂肪酸,灰鸡中鉴定出7种脂肪酸,金黄鸡中鉴定出4种脂肪酸;结合脂肪油中主要含有8,11-十八碳二烯酸、9-十八碳烯酸、亚油酸、油酸等,其中鸡、灰鸡、金黄鸡各鉴定出10种脂肪酸。在游离脂肪中,鸡、灰鸡、金黄鸡中不饱和脂肪酸分别占脂肪酸总量的65.5%、60.99%、75.02%,在结合脂肪中,鸡、灰鸡、金黄鸡中不饱和脂肪酸分别占脂肪酸总量的48.41%、59.90%、61.51%,表明蚁巢伞属3种鸡类真菌中含有较多的不饱和脂肪酸,对人体有重要的生理功能。
The chemical composition in fatty oils of three species Termitomyces fungi were analyzed and identified in order to provide a basis for further research of expanding the use of medicinal fungi resources.The free and conjugated fatty oil extracted from the three species Termitomyces fungi were prepared into methyl ester derivants,which were analyzed and identified with GC/MS technique.The major fatty acid in the free fatty oil in three species Termitomyces fungi were 8,11-Octadecadienoic acid and 9-Octadecenoic acid,etc. Five kinds of fatty acids were determined Termitomyces albuminosus,seven kinds of fatty acids were determined Termitomyces eurrhizus,four kinds of fatty acids were determined Termitomyces aurantiacus. The major fatty acid in the conjugated fatty oil in three species Termitomyces fungi were 8,11-Octadecadienoic acid,9-Octadecenoic acid,Linoleic acid and Oleic acid,etc,the three species Termitomyces fungi all had ten kinds of fatty acids. In free fatty oil,the polyunsaturated fatty acids were 65.5%,60.99%,75.02% respectively in Termitomyces albuminosus,Termitomyces eurrhizus,Termitomyces aurantiacus.In conjugated fatty oil,the polyunsaturated fatty acids were 48.41%,59.90%,61.51% respectively in Termitomyces albuminosus,Termitomyces eurrhizus,Termitomyces aurantiacus. The results showed that the three species Termitomyces fungi all had rich polyunsaturated fatty acids,and were important to our bodies.
The chemical composition in fatty oils of three species Termitomyces fungi were analyzed and identified in order to provide a basis for further research of expanding the use of medicinal fungi resources.The free and conjugated fatty oil extracted from the three species Termitomyces fungi were prepared into methyl ester derivants,which were analyzed and identified with GC/MS technique.The major fatty acid in the free fatty oil in three species Termitomyces fungi were 8,11-Octadecadienoic acid and 9-Octadecenoic acid,etc. Five kinds of fatty acids were determined Termitomyces albuminosus,seven kinds of fatty acids were determined Termitomyces eurrhizus,four kinds of fatty acids were determined Termitomyces aurantiacus. The major fatty acid in the conjugated fatty oil in three species Termitomyces fungi were 8,11-Octadecadienoic acid,9-Octadecenoic acid,Linoleic acid and Oleic acid,etc,the three species Termitomyces fungi all had ten kinds of fatty acids. In free fatty oil,the polyunsaturated fatty acids were 65.5%,60.99%,75.02% respectively in Termitomyces albuminosus,Termitomyces eurrhizus,Termitomyces aurantiacus.In conjugated fatty oil,the polyunsaturated fatty acids were 48.41%,59.90%,61.51% respectively in Termitomyces albuminosus,Termitomyces eurrhizus,Termitomyces aurantiacus. The results showed that the three species Termitomyces fungi all had rich polyunsaturated fatty acids,and were important to our bodies.
引文
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[15]李书倩,辛广,张博,等.红蘑、猴头菇、香菇三种食用菌中脂肪酸的气相色谱-质谱分析[J].食品工业科技,2012,33(8):56-58.
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[18]孙翔宇,高贵田.多不饱和脂肪酸的研究进展[J].食品工业科技,2012(7):418-423.
[2]Kirk PM,Cannon PF,Minter DW,et al.Dictionary of the Fungi[M].United Kingdom:CABI Publishing,2011:682-683.
[3]才晓玲,于龙凤.鸡枞菌种质资源研究进展[J].大理学院学报,2010,09(10):61-64.
[4]Jouquet P,Bottinelli N,Lata J C,et al.Role of the fungusgrowing termite Pseudacanthotermesspiniger(Isoptera,Macrotermitinae)in the dynamic of clay and soil organic matter content.[J].An experimental analysis.Gendarme,2007,139:127-133.
[5]明·李时珍撰.本草纲目[M].太原:山西科学技术出版社,2014:778-778.
[6]王一心,杨桂芝,狄勇.鸡枞菌降血脂作用的实验研究[J].中华临床医学研究杂志,2003,(80):13185-13186.
[7]王思芦,汪开毓,耿毅,等.鸡枞菌多糖对小鼠T细胞免疫功能的影响[J].中国兽医科学,2013,43(1):77-83.
[8]冯宁,吴海婴,陈光明,等.高血脂症小鼠模型腹腔注射鸡枞菌子实体多糖的研究[J].检验医学与临床,2009,6(11):862-863.
[9]陆奕宇,敖宗华,成成,等.鸡枞菌粉提取物镇痛抗炎作用的研究[J].中成药,2007,29:1742-1745.
[10]Payel Mitra,Narayan Chandra Mandal,Krishnendu Acharya.Polyphenolic extract of Termitomyces heimii:antioxidant activity and phytochemical constituents[J].Journal für Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit,2016,11(01):25-31.
[11]中华人民共和国卫生部,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 5009.6-2003食品中脂肪的测定[S].2004.01.01实施.
[12]李祥,陈建伟.明党参脂肪油成分GC-MS快速分析[J].中药材,1992,15(6):26-27.
[13]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会GB/T 17376-2008/ISO 5509:2000动植物油脂脂肪酸甲酯制备[S].2009.01.02实施.
[14]寇秀颖,于国萍.脂肪和脂肪酸甲酯化方法的研究[J].食品研究与开发,2005,26(2):46-47.
[15]李书倩,辛广,张博,等.红蘑、猴头菇、香菇三种食用菌中脂肪酸的气相色谱-质谱分析[J].食品工业科技,2012,33(8):56-58.
[16]姜显光.植物油脂中脂肪酸的分析研究[D].大连:辽宁师范大学,2008.
[17]Birch EE,Garfleld S,Hoffman DR,et al.A randomised controlled trial of early dietary supply of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and mental development in term infant.[J].Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology,2000,(42):174-181.
[18]孙翔宇,高贵田.多不饱和脂肪酸的研究进展[J].食品工业科技,2012(7):418-423.