50岁以上HIV感染者心理体验的质性研究
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摘要
目的深入了解中国老年艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者的心理体验。方法采用半结构式的个人深入访谈法,对14名50岁以上HIV感染者进行质性访谈,并采用Colaizzi七步分析法对资料进行分析。结果 14名访谈对象中男性10人,女性4人;年龄51～68岁之间;职业涉及工人、农民、商人、教师等。经过分析提炼出4个老年HIV感染者心理体验主题:与子女的分离焦虑;担心对后代的继发性歧视;照护缺乏感;消极厌世。结论老年HIV感染者男性偏多,从事职业多样,普遍存在较重的负性体验,甚至出现自杀现象。疾病预防控制中心、医院、社区等应分析患者负性体验的原因,共同提高老年HIV感染者的心理健康水平。
Objective To deeply understand the psychological experience of elderly people living with HIV in China.Methods A semi-structured in-depth interview was conducted on 14 patients with AIDS over 50 years old and Claizzi analysis was made to analyze the collected data.Results Among the 14 interviewees,there were 10 males and 4females aged between 51 and 68years old.Their occupation included workers,farmers,businessmen,and teachers.The analysis showed that the four aspects of psychological experience of the elderly HIV-infected people were anxiety due to separation with their children,fear of discrimination against their offspring,lack of care,and negative pessimistic.Conclusion Elderly HIV-infected people are mainly male,and tend to be more engaged in a variety of occupations.There are widespread negative experiences,even suicide.CDCs,hospitals,and communitybased organizations should know the causes of their negative experience,and work together to improve their mental health.
Objective To deeply understand the psychological experience of elderly people living with HIV in China.Methods A semi-structured in-depth interview was conducted on 14 patients with AIDS over 50 years old and Claizzi analysis was made to analyze the collected data.Results Among the 14 interviewees,there were 10 males and 4females aged between 51 and 68years old.Their occupation included workers,farmers,businessmen,and teachers.The analysis showed that the four aspects of psychological experience of the elderly HIV-infected people were anxiety due to separation with their children,fear of discrimination against their offspring,lack of care,and negative pessimistic.Conclusion Elderly HIV-infected people are mainly male,and tend to be more engaged in a variety of occupations.There are widespread negative experiences,even suicide.CDCs,hospitals,and communitybased organizations should know the causes of their negative experience,and work together to improve their mental health.
引文
[1]傅亮,胡雁,鲍美娟,等.国内外艾滋病护理研究的发展及其启示[J].护理学杂志,2013,28(13):90-93.
[2]吴兴华,沈智勇,陈欢欢,等.广西低档场所中老年嫖客艾滋病相关知识对其商业性行为及HIV感染的影响研究[J].应用预防医学,2015(3):148-151.
[3]Blanco JR,Jarrín I,Vallejo M,et al.Definition of advanced age in HIV infection:looking for an age cut-off[J].Aids Res Hum Retroviruses,2012,28(9):1000-1006.
[4]王勇,黄匡时.全球及中国艾滋病人口规模、空间分布和死亡特征[J].人口与社会,2018,34(4):78-88.
[5]Patel R,Moore T,Cooper V,et al.An observational study of comorbidity and healthcare utilisation among HIV-positive patients aged 50years and over[J].International Journal of Std&Aids,2016,27(8):628.
[6]李冬梅,徐晓华,李明子.艾滋病同伴教育员工作体验的质性研究[J].中国艾滋病性病,2017,23(1):65-68.
[7]余丰,吴继周,李玫蓉,等.老年HIV/AIDS抗病毒治疗预后的影响因素[J].中国热带医学,2017,17(1):87-90.
[8]Elopre L,Hook EW,Westfall AO,et al.The Role of Early HIVStatus Disclosure in Retention in HIV Care[J].Aids Patient Care&Stds,2015,29(12):74-81.
[9]江艳,王敏,魏秀青,等.长沙市180例接受艾滋病抗病毒治疗患者抑郁症患病现状及影响因素研究[J].中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(5):638-642.
[10]谷家仪,范小艳,曾颖.专业心理咨询技能在艾滋病患者中应用现状研究[J].中国护理管理,2018,18(3):411-415.
[11]胡敏华.老年艾滋病病人心理分析及护理对策[J].全科护理,2012,10(1):33-34.
[12]郭建梅,田甜,罗桂英,等.医务人员艾滋病歧视态度相关因素结构方程模型分析[J].中国艾滋病性病,2017,23(2):162-164.
[13]肖雪玲,雷云霄,王红红.老年HIV感染者和AIDS患者常见心理问题及干预的研究进展[J].中华护理杂志,2014,49(12):1425-1429.
[14]谷家仪,范小艳,曾颖.专业心理咨询技能在艾滋病患者中应用现状研究[J].中国护理管理,2018,18(3):411-415.
[15]郑智慧,翁钘钘.住院艾滋病患者主要照顾者负性心理的质性研究[J].护理学杂志,2014,29(5):61-64.
[16]Chen KM,Li CH,Lin JN,et al.A feasible method to enhance and maintain the health of elderly living in long-term care facilities through long-term,simplified tai chi exercises[J].Journal of Nursing Research,2007,15(2):156-164.
[17]Vance DE,Struzick T,Childs G.Challenges of depression and suicidal ideation associated with aging with HIV/AIDS:implications for social work[J].J Gerontol Soc Work,2010,53(2):159-175.
[18]陈昭云,赵清霞,李超锋,等.河南省2003-2015年抗病毒治疗后死亡的HIV/AIDS病例生存时间及相关因素分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2017,38(11):1514-1517.
[2]吴兴华,沈智勇,陈欢欢,等.广西低档场所中老年嫖客艾滋病相关知识对其商业性行为及HIV感染的影响研究[J].应用预防医学,2015(3):148-151.
[3]Blanco JR,Jarrín I,Vallejo M,et al.Definition of advanced age in HIV infection:looking for an age cut-off[J].Aids Res Hum Retroviruses,2012,28(9):1000-1006.
[4]王勇,黄匡时.全球及中国艾滋病人口规模、空间分布和死亡特征[J].人口与社会,2018,34(4):78-88.
[5]Patel R,Moore T,Cooper V,et al.An observational study of comorbidity and healthcare utilisation among HIV-positive patients aged 50years and over[J].International Journal of Std&Aids,2016,27(8):628.
[6]李冬梅,徐晓华,李明子.艾滋病同伴教育员工作体验的质性研究[J].中国艾滋病性病,2017,23(1):65-68.
[7]余丰,吴继周,李玫蓉,等.老年HIV/AIDS抗病毒治疗预后的影响因素[J].中国热带医学,2017,17(1):87-90.
[8]Elopre L,Hook EW,Westfall AO,et al.The Role of Early HIVStatus Disclosure in Retention in HIV Care[J].Aids Patient Care&Stds,2015,29(12):74-81.
[9]江艳,王敏,魏秀青,等.长沙市180例接受艾滋病抗病毒治疗患者抑郁症患病现状及影响因素研究[J].中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(5):638-642.
[10]谷家仪,范小艳,曾颖.专业心理咨询技能在艾滋病患者中应用现状研究[J].中国护理管理,2018,18(3):411-415.
[11]胡敏华.老年艾滋病病人心理分析及护理对策[J].全科护理,2012,10(1):33-34.
[12]郭建梅,田甜,罗桂英,等.医务人员艾滋病歧视态度相关因素结构方程模型分析[J].中国艾滋病性病,2017,23(2):162-164.
[13]肖雪玲,雷云霄,王红红.老年HIV感染者和AIDS患者常见心理问题及干预的研究进展[J].中华护理杂志,2014,49(12):1425-1429.
[14]谷家仪,范小艳,曾颖.专业心理咨询技能在艾滋病患者中应用现状研究[J].中国护理管理,2018,18(3):411-415.
[15]郑智慧,翁钘钘.住院艾滋病患者主要照顾者负性心理的质性研究[J].护理学杂志,2014,29(5):61-64.
[16]Chen KM,Li CH,Lin JN,et al.A feasible method to enhance and maintain the health of elderly living in long-term care facilities through long-term,simplified tai chi exercises[J].Journal of Nursing Research,2007,15(2):156-164.
[17]Vance DE,Struzick T,Childs G.Challenges of depression and suicidal ideation associated with aging with HIV/AIDS:implications for social work[J].J Gerontol Soc Work,2010,53(2):159-175.
[18]陈昭云,赵清霞,李超锋,等.河南省2003-2015年抗病毒治疗后死亡的HIV/AIDS病例生存时间及相关因素分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2017,38(11):1514-1517.