近水平煤层开采沉陷预计的双曲线剖面函数法
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摘要
根据近水平煤层开采地表移动盆地特征,提出了一种主断面移动变形的双曲线型拟合函数,推导了倾斜、曲率的计算公式.采用FLAC3D软件对某一煤层进行了模拟开采,获得了走向和倾向主断面地表每隔20 m的监测点的下沉量.采用1stOpt1.5软件编写了计算程序,对模拟开采得到的下沉曲线用提出的双曲线型函数进行了曲线拟合,拟合结果显示,走向主断面相关系数为0.99,最大残差为8 mm,倾向主断面相关系数为0.99,最大残差为10 mm,说明拟合效果较好.将走向与倾向主断面下沉曲线公式融合,给出了沉陷盆地内任意坐标点下沉量的计算公式,用MATLAB软件绘制了下沉盆地三维曲线图.结果表明:与其他剖面函数方法比较,该拟合函数参数少且容易求取,对近水平煤层开采下沉盆地的描述更为简便.
A hyperbolic fitting function model was put forward according to the characteristics of the deformation curve of the main section in the subsidence basin due to approximate horizontal coal seam underground longwall mining,and the formulas of incline and curvature were deduced.The subsidence data of every 20 m monitoring point on the direction and inclination main section of the subsidence basin was obtained by using the numerical analysis software FLAC3 D to simulate the underground minging process of one approximate horizontal coal seam. The software 1 stOpt1.5 was used to write the calculation program for fitting the subsidence curves of the main section obtained by FLAC3 D simulated mining.Fitting results show that the fitting effect is better because the correlation coefficient is 0.99 and the maximum residual error is 8 mm of the direction main section. The correlation coefficient is 0.99 and the maximum residual error is 10 mm of the inclination main section.The formula of the subsidence basin was derived by combining two fitting function model of the direction and inclination main section, which could calculate the subsidence of any point in the subsidence basin.The 3 D curve of the surface subsidence basin was plotted with MATLAB software.The research results show that compared with other section functions model for the subsidence basin, this hyperbolic fitting function model could not only simply describe the subsidence basin due to the approximate horizontal coal seam underground longwall mining, but also has fewer parameters which can be easily obtained.
A hyperbolic fitting function model was put forward according to the characteristics of the deformation curve of the main section in the subsidence basin due to approximate horizontal coal seam underground longwall mining,and the formulas of incline and curvature were deduced.The subsidence data of every 20 m monitoring point on the direction and inclination main section of the subsidence basin was obtained by using the numerical analysis software FLAC3 D to simulate the underground minging process of one approximate horizontal coal seam. The software 1 stOpt1.5 was used to write the calculation program for fitting the subsidence curves of the main section obtained by FLAC3 D simulated mining.Fitting results show that the fitting effect is better because the correlation coefficient is 0.99 and the maximum residual error is 8 mm of the direction main section. The correlation coefficient is 0.99 and the maximum residual error is 10 mm of the inclination main section.The formula of the subsidence basin was derived by combining two fitting function model of the direction and inclination main section, which could calculate the subsidence of any point in the subsidence basin.The 3 D curve of the surface subsidence basin was plotted with MATLAB software.The research results show that compared with other section functions model for the subsidence basin, this hyperbolic fitting function model could not only simply describe the subsidence basin due to the approximate horizontal coal seam underground longwall mining, but also has fewer parameters which can be easily obtained.
引文
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[15] GONZALEZ-NICIEZA C,ALVAREZ-FERNANDEZ M I,MENENDEZ-DIAZ A,et al.The influence of time on subsidence in the central Austrian coal field[J].Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment,2007,66(3):319-329.
[16] 刘玉成,曹树刚,刘延保.可描述地表沉陷动态过程的时间函数模型探讨[J].岩土力学,2010,31(3):925-930.LIU Yucheng,CAO Shugang,LIU Yanbao.Discussion on some time functions for describin dynamic course of surface subsidence due to mining[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(3):925-930.
[17] 陈庆发,牛文静,刘严中,等.Knothe 模型改进及充填开采岩层移动动态过程分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(2):250-256.CHENG Qingfa,NIU Wenjing,LIU Yanzhou,et al.Improvement of Konthe model and analysis on dynamic evolution law of strata movement in fill mining[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2017,46(2):250-256.
[18] 曹树刚,刘玉成,刘延保,等.基于观测资料的沉陷盆地主断面曲线拟合[J].重庆大学学报,2009,32(7):804-808.CAO Shugang,LIU Yucheng,LIU Yanbao,et al.Curve fitting of main section for subsidence basin by observing data[J].Journal of Chongqing University,2009,32(7):804-808.
[19] 刘玉成.煤层开采地表移动过程的FLAC3D模拟研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2012,40(5):93-95.LIU Yucheng.Study on FLAC3D simulation of surface ground movement process for underground seam mining[J].Coal Science and Technology,2012,40(5):93-95.
[2] 王金华,康红普,刘见中,等.我国绿色煤炭资源开发布局战略研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2018,47(1):15-20.WANG Jinhua,KANG Hongpu,LIU Jianzhong,et al.Layout strategic research of green coal resources development in China[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2018,47(1):15-20.
[3] 钱鸣高,缪协兴,许家林.岩层控制中的关键层理论研究[J].煤炭学报,1996,21(3):225-230.QIAN Minggao,MIAO Xiexing,XU Jialin.Theoretical study of key stratum in ground control[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1996,21(3):225-230.
[4] 李文秀,梁旭黎,赵胜涛,等.地下开采引起地表沉陷预测的弹性薄板法[J].工程力学,2006,23(8):177-181.LI Wenxiu,LIANG Xuli,ZHAO Shengtao,et al.The elastic-thin-plate bending method for predicting ground subsidence due to underground mining[J].Engineering Mechanics,2006,23(8):177-181.
[5] 郝延锦,吴立新,戴华阳,等.用弹性板理论建立地表沉陷预计模型[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(增1):2958-2961.HAO Yanjin,WU Lixin,DAI Huayang,et al.Establishing a ground settlement prediction model with elastic slab theory[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(Sup1):2958-2961.
[6] 刘玉成,曹树刚.基于关键层理论的地表沉陷盆地模型初探[J].岩土力学,2012,33(3):719-724.LIU Yucheng,CAO Shugang.Preliminary study of surface subsidence model based on theory of key rock stratum[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(3):719-724.
[7] 何国清,杨伦,凌赓娣,等.矿山开采沉陷学[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1991:157-160.HE Guoqing,YANG Lun,LING Gengdi,et al.Mining subsidence theory[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology Publisher,1991:157-160.
[8] 贺平,王东攀,高保彬.厚松散层地表移动变形预计的双曲函数法[J].煤矿开采,2005,10(2):3-5.HE Ping,WANG Dongpan,GAO Baobin,et al.Applying hyperbolic function to predict the surface movement and deformation in the conditionof thick alluvium[J].Coal Mining Technology,2005,10(2):3-5.
[9] 刘宝琛,戴华阳.概率积分发的由来与研究进展[J].煤矿开采,2016,21(2):1-3.LIU Baochen,DAI Huayang.Research development and origin of probability integral method[J].Coal Mining Technology,2016,21(2):1-3.
[10] 杨伦,戴华阳.关于我国采煤沉陷计算方法的思考[J].煤矿开采,2016,21(2):7-9.YANG Lun,DAI Huayang.Thoughts of calculation method of coal mining subsidence in home[J].Coal Mining Technology,2016,21(2):7-9.
[11] 刘玉成,庄艳华.地下采矿引起的地表下沉的动态过程模型[J].岩土力学,2009,30(11):3406-3410.LIU Yucheng,ZHUANG Yanhua.Model for dynamic process of ground surface subsidence due to underground mining[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(11):3406-3410.
[12] 刘玉成.基于Weibull时间序列的动态沉陷曲线模型[J].岩土力学,2013,34(8):2409-2413.LIU Yucheng.Dynamic surface subsidence curve model based on Weibull time function[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(8):2409-2413.
[13] TOMA? A,GORAN T.Prediction of subsidence due to underground mining by artificial neural networks[J] Computers & Geosciences,2003(29):627-637.
[14] DíAZ-FERNáNDEZ M E,áLVAREZ-FERNáNDEZ M I,áLVAREZ-VIGIL A E.Computation of influence functions for automatic mining subsidence prediction[J].Computational Geosciences,2010,14(1):83-103.
[15] GONZALEZ-NICIEZA C,ALVAREZ-FERNANDEZ M I,MENENDEZ-DIAZ A,et al.The influence of time on subsidence in the central Austrian coal field[J].Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment,2007,66(3):319-329.
[16] 刘玉成,曹树刚,刘延保.可描述地表沉陷动态过程的时间函数模型探讨[J].岩土力学,2010,31(3):925-930.LIU Yucheng,CAO Shugang,LIU Yanbao.Discussion on some time functions for describin dynamic course of surface subsidence due to mining[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(3):925-930.
[17] 陈庆发,牛文静,刘严中,等.Knothe 模型改进及充填开采岩层移动动态过程分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(2):250-256.CHENG Qingfa,NIU Wenjing,LIU Yanzhou,et al.Improvement of Konthe model and analysis on dynamic evolution law of strata movement in fill mining[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2017,46(2):250-256.
[18] 曹树刚,刘玉成,刘延保,等.基于观测资料的沉陷盆地主断面曲线拟合[J].重庆大学学报,2009,32(7):804-808.CAO Shugang,LIU Yucheng,LIU Yanbao,et al.Curve fitting of main section for subsidence basin by observing data[J].Journal of Chongqing University,2009,32(7):804-808.
[19] 刘玉成.煤层开采地表移动过程的FLAC3D模拟研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2012,40(5):93-95.LIU Yucheng.Study on FLAC3D simulation of surface ground movement process for underground seam mining[J].Coal Science and Technology,2012,40(5):93-95.