100～400 K真空红外亮温标准黑体辐射源研制
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摘要
介绍了中国计量科学研究院研制的100～400 K真空红外亮温标准黑体辐射源的工作原理、结构、性能测试方法及测试结果。黑体辐射源通过液氮制冷与3温区控制实现了100～400 K范围内的温度控制。在真空环境下,测试了其在温度范围100～400 K轴向温度均匀性、底部温度稳定性等技术指标,结果表明均匀性优于0. 120K,控温稳定性优于0. 020 K/20 min;在室温大气环境下,利用基于控制环境辐射的发射率测量方法测量了黑体空腔发射率,空腔法向发射率为0. 9998。采用基于蒙特卡罗黑体发射率仿真计算方法分析轴向温度均匀性对空腔发射率的影响,分析了标准黑体辐射源的不确定度来源,在8～16μm波长亮度温度的合成标准不确定度优于0. 030 K。
The working principles,structure,performance-testing methods and the testing results of the vacuum infrared radiance temperature standard blackbody source is described. By applying liquid nitrogen cooling and 3-temperature-zones controlling,the temperature of this blackbody radiation source can be controlled at the range from 100 K to 400 K. The axial temperature uniformity,temperature stability of the cavity bottom of the blackbody within 100 ～ 400 K are tested in a vacuum environment. Testing results are shown that the uniformity is better than 0. 120 K,and the stability of the temperature is controlled below 0. 020 K/20 min,respectively. In the atmospheric environment at room temperature,the emissivity of the blackbody is 0. 999 8 measured by the method based on controlling surroundings radiation. Based on the Monte Carlo blackbody emissivity simulation method,the influence of the temperature uniformity of the cavity emissivity is analyzed. The source of uncertainty of this blackbody radiation source is analyzed,and the combined standard uncertainty is less than 0. 030 K when the wavelength is between 8 μm to 16 μm.
The working principles,structure,performance-testing methods and the testing results of the vacuum infrared radiance temperature standard blackbody source is described. By applying liquid nitrogen cooling and 3-temperature-zones controlling,the temperature of this blackbody radiation source can be controlled at the range from 100 K to 400 K. The axial temperature uniformity,temperature stability of the cavity bottom of the blackbody within 100 ～ 400 K are tested in a vacuum environment. Testing results are shown that the uniformity is better than 0. 120 K,and the stability of the temperature is controlled below 0. 020 K/20 min,respectively. In the atmospheric environment at room temperature,the emissivity of the blackbody is 0. 999 8 measured by the method based on controlling surroundings radiation. Based on the Monte Carlo blackbody emissivity simulation method,the influence of the temperature uniformity of the cavity emissivity is analyzed. The source of uncertainty of this blackbody radiation source is analyzed,and the combined standard uncertainty is less than 0. 030 K when the wavelength is between 8 μm to 16 μm.
引文
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[13] Adibekyan A,Kononogova E,Monte C,et al. HighAccuracy Emissivity Data on the Coatings Nextel 811-21,Herberts 1534,Aeroglaze Z306 and Acktar Fractal Black[J]. International Journal of Thermophysics,2017,38(6):89.
[14]宋健,郝小鹏,原遵东,等.基于控制环境辐射的黑体辐射源发射率测量方法研究[J].中国激光,2015,42(9):269-275.Song J,Hao X P,Yuan Z D,et al. Blackbody Source Emissivity Measurement Method Based on Controlling Surroundings Radiation[J]. China Journal of Lasers,2015,42(9):269-275.
[15]宋健,郝小鹏,原遵东,等.基于控制环境辐射发射率测量方法的超黑涂层发射率特性研究[J].计量学报,2015,36(z1):24-27.Song J,Hao X P,Yuan Z D,et al. Research on Ultra Black Paint Emissivity of the Emissivity Measure Method Based on Controlling Surroundings Radiation[J]. Acta Metrologica Sinica,2015,36(z1):24-27.
[16] Saunders P,Fischer J,Sadli M,et al. Uncertainty Budgets for Calibration of Radiation Thermometers below the Silver Point[J]. International Journal of Thermophysics,2008,29(3):1066-1083.
[17]沈久利,邢婷婷,吴飞.基于Monte-Carlo法的圆锥形黑体腔有效发射率的研究[J].计量学报,2018,39(3):359-362.Shen J Li,Xing T T,Wu F. Research on the Effective Emissivity of Conical Blackbody Cavity Based on MonteCarlo Method[J]. Acta Metrologica Sinica,2018,39(3):359-362.
[18]原遵东,陈桂生.发射率影响修正近似公式及其适用性分析[J].计量技术,2013,(4):7-10.Yuan Z D, Chen G S. Emissivity Approximation Correction Formula and Its Applicability Analysis[J].Measurement Technique,2013,(4):7-10.
[2]龚律宇,郝小鹏,孙建平,等. H500型红外遥感定标高精度真空黑体辐射源的研制[J].计量学报,2017,38(2):129-134.Gong L Y,Hao X P,Sun J P,et al. Research of H500Type High Precision Vacuum Blackbody as Calibration Standard for Infrared Remote Sensing[J]. Acta Metrologica Sinica,2017,38(2):129-134.
[3] Monte C,Gutschwager B,Morozova S P,et al. Radiation Thermometry and Emissivity Measurements Under Vacuum at the PTB[J]. International Journal of Thermophysics,2009,30(1):203-219.
[4] Morozova S P,Parfentiev N A,Lisiansky B E,et al.Vacuum Variable Medium Temperature Blackbody[J].International Journal of Thermophysics,2010,31(8-9):1809-1820.
[5] Morozova S P,Parfentiev N A,Lisiansky B E,et al.Vacuum Variable-Temperature Blackbody VTBB100[J].International Journal of Thermophysics,2008,29(1):341-351.
[6] Carter A C, Datla R U, Jung T M, et al. Lowbackground temperature calibration of infrared blackbodies[J]. Metrologia International Journal of Scientific Metrology,2006,43(2):46-50.
[7] Fowler J B,Johnson B C,Rice J P,et al. The new cryogenic vacuum chamber and black-body source for infrared calibrations at the NIST's FARCAL facility[J].Metrologia,1998,35(4):323-327
[8] Mekhontsev S,Khromchenko V,Prokhorov A,et al.Establishing a New NIST Facility for the Primary Realization of both Spectral Radiance and Reflectance in the Mid-and Far-Infrared[C]//2009 AGU Fall Meeting. San Francisco,USA,2009.
[9] Ivanov V S,Lisiansky B E,Morozova S P, et al.Medium-background radiometric facility for calibration of sources or sensors[J]. Metrologia,2000,37(5):599-602.
[10]郝小鹏,宋健,孙建平,等.风云卫星红外遥感亮度温度国家计量标准研究[J].光学精密工程,2015,23(7):1845-1851.Hao X P,Song J,Sun J P,et al. Vacuum radiance temperature national standard facility for infrared remote sensors of Chinese Fengyun meteorological satellites[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2015,23(7):1845-1851.
[11]许敏,郝小鹏,宋健,等. 190~340K真空标准黑体辐射源研制[J].计量学报,2015,36(z1):50-54.Xu M,Hao X P,Song J,et al. Research of Vacuum Radiance Temperature Standard Blackbody Source from190 K to 340 K[J]. Acta Metrologica Sinica,2015,36(z1):50-54.
[12]赵亿坤,王景辉,原遵东,等.低温标准黑体辐射源的性能研究[J].计量学报,2017,38(5):589-592.Zhao Y K,Wang J H,Yuan Z D,et al. Study on the performance of the Low-temperature Blackbody Radiation Source.[J]. Acta Metrologica Sinica,2017,38(5):589-592.
[13] Adibekyan A,Kononogova E,Monte C,et al. HighAccuracy Emissivity Data on the Coatings Nextel 811-21,Herberts 1534,Aeroglaze Z306 and Acktar Fractal Black[J]. International Journal of Thermophysics,2017,38(6):89.
[14]宋健,郝小鹏,原遵东,等.基于控制环境辐射的黑体辐射源发射率测量方法研究[J].中国激光,2015,42(9):269-275.Song J,Hao X P,Yuan Z D,et al. Blackbody Source Emissivity Measurement Method Based on Controlling Surroundings Radiation[J]. China Journal of Lasers,2015,42(9):269-275.
[15]宋健,郝小鹏,原遵东,等.基于控制环境辐射发射率测量方法的超黑涂层发射率特性研究[J].计量学报,2015,36(z1):24-27.Song J,Hao X P,Yuan Z D,et al. Research on Ultra Black Paint Emissivity of the Emissivity Measure Method Based on Controlling Surroundings Radiation[J]. Acta Metrologica Sinica,2015,36(z1):24-27.
[16] Saunders P,Fischer J,Sadli M,et al. Uncertainty Budgets for Calibration of Radiation Thermometers below the Silver Point[J]. International Journal of Thermophysics,2008,29(3):1066-1083.
[17]沈久利,邢婷婷,吴飞.基于Monte-Carlo法的圆锥形黑体腔有效发射率的研究[J].计量学报,2018,39(3):359-362.Shen J Li,Xing T T,Wu F. Research on the Effective Emissivity of Conical Blackbody Cavity Based on MonteCarlo Method[J]. Acta Metrologica Sinica,2018,39(3):359-362.
[18]原遵东,陈桂生.发射率影响修正近似公式及其适用性分析[J].计量技术,2013,(4):7-10.Yuan Z D, Chen G S. Emissivity Approximation Correction Formula and Its Applicability Analysis[J].Measurement Technique,2013,(4):7-10.