摘要
以十二醇、十四醇和十二/十四混合醇为原料,合成了三种直链烷基聚氧丙烯醚硫酸钠-3(C_nP_3S)。利用FTIR,~1H NMR进行了结构表征,分析了表面活性剂的界面和胶束溶液性质,并与十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠-3(SLE3S)进行了对比。~1H NMR表征结果显示,C_nP_3S的环氧丙烷平均加成数在3.0左右。实验结果表明,聚氧丙烯(PPO)链和烷基链的增长可为C_nP_3S分子提供疏水性,同时PPO链还提供极性作用,因此C_(12)P_3S和C_(14)P_3S降低表面张力的能力及乳化能力优于SDS和SLE_3S,泡沫性质略低于SDS和SLE_3S,润湿力介于SDS和SLE_3S之间,去污力等同或略优于SDS和SLE3S,同时具有优良的低温水溶性及抗钙离子性。由于同系物作用,C_(1214)P_3S混合物在泡沫、去污力和钙离子抗性等性能上表现出一定协同作用。PPO链的双亲性赋予了C_nP_3S优良性质,使其适用于个人护理及家用清洁产品。
Three kinds of extended surfactants(e-surfactants),sodium linear alkyl polyoxypropylene ether sulfates(C_nP_3 S) were synthesized from dodecyl alcohol,tetradecyl alcohol and dodecyl/tetradecyl mixed alcohol,respectively. Structure of the e-surfactants were characterized by FTIR and ~1 H NMR. Interfacial and micellar solution properties were investigated in comparison to sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) and sodium laureth-3 sulfate(SLE_3 S). The results from ~1 H NMR spectra indicate that the average adduct number of propylene oxide of C_nP_3 S is about 3.0. It was found that both the polypropylene oxide(PPO) spacer and alkyl chain growth provide hydrophobicity to C_nP_3 S molecules,at the same time,the PPO chain also provides polarity. Thus both C_(12) P_3 S and C_(14) P_3 S show lower surface tension,better emulsifying power,slightly worse foamability,equal or slightly better detergency in comparison to SDS and SLE_3 S,as well as wettability in between. They also exhibit good low-temperature solubility and calcium tolerance. C_(1214) P_3 S mixture exhibits synergism on foamability,detergency and calcium tolerance due to homologues. Therefore,these excellent properties of C_nP_3 S are brought about by the amphipathicity being contributed by the PPO spacer,which indicates that C_nP_3 S might be candidates used in personal care and household cleaning products.
引文
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