岩土中的热式渗流测量
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摘要
岩土中渗流的测量目前主要采用渗压计测量岩土内部的渗透(孔隙)水压力,从而进行渗流监测,这种测量方式测量的是标量,存在动态响应差、量程小、非直接测量等缺陷,难以满足岩土中渗流监测发展的需求;鉴于此,本文设计了一种基于热扩散原理的远程在线渗流计;主要由电源模块、温度检测模块、恒功率加热模块、显示模块四部分组成;由三线制铂电阻恒流源测温电路检测进水出水两端温度差,检测结果返回显示到stm32并经过RS-485总线传至主机进行数据分析;实验结果表明,该渗流计可实现在线监测岩土中的渗流情况,能有效的检测岩土中渗流的速度,分辨率达到0.05 mL/s,具有良好的灵敏度,准确性和重复性,适用于绝大多数种类岩土中的渗流测量。
At present,in the measurement of seepage in rock and soil,the osmotic pressure meter is mainly used to measure the infiltration( pore) water pressure inside rock and soil,and then the seepage monitoring is performed.The measurement is scalar,and there is a poor dynamic response,small range,non-Direct measurement and other defects are difficult to meet the needs of monitoring and development of seepage in rock and soil; in view of this,a remote online flow meter based on the principle of thermal diffusion is designed; it consists of power module,temperature detection module,constant power heating module,and display module.Three-wire platinum resistance constant current source temperature measurement circuit detects the temperature difference between the two ends of the influent water,the test results are returned to the display to the stm32 and passed through the RS-485 bus to the host for data analysis; experimental results show that the flow meter can be implemented on-line monitoring The seepage in rock and soil can effectively detect the velocity of seepage in rock and soil,with a resolution of 0.05 m L/s. It has good sensitivity,accuracy and repeatability,and is suitable for the seepage measurement of most types of rock and soil.
At present,in the measurement of seepage in rock and soil,the osmotic pressure meter is mainly used to measure the infiltration( pore) water pressure inside rock and soil,and then the seepage monitoring is performed.The measurement is scalar,and there is a poor dynamic response,small range,non-Direct measurement and other defects are difficult to meet the needs of monitoring and development of seepage in rock and soil; in view of this,a remote online flow meter based on the principle of thermal diffusion is designed; it consists of power module,temperature detection module,constant power heating module,and display module.Three-wire platinum resistance constant current source temperature measurement circuit detects the temperature difference between the two ends of the influent water,the test results are returned to the display to the stm32 and passed through the RS-485 bus to the host for data analysis; experimental results show that the flow meter can be implemented on-line monitoring The seepage in rock and soil can effectively detect the velocity of seepage in rock and soil,with a resolution of 0.05 m L/s. It has good sensitivity,accuracy and repeatability,and is suitable for the seepage measurement of most types of rock and soil.
引文
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[13]Nie Y Z.Design of High Precision Temperature Sensor Based on Platinum Resistance[J].Applied Mechanics&Materials,2014,539:177-180.
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[15]章丽莎.滨海地区地下水位变化对地基及基坑渗流特性的[D].杭州:浙江大学,2017.
[16]Permeability Coefficient[M].Springer Berlin Heidelberg,2014.
[2]杨淑艳,赵玉坤.浅谈水库渗流安全问题[J].内蒙古水利,2014(1):152-152.
[3]杨裕云,杨红刚,吴有才.与地下水作用有关的地质灾害[J].水文地质工程地质,2003(S1):1-7.
[4]刘泉声,崔先泽,张程远,等.多孔介质中沉积颗粒脱离特性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2015,37(4):747-754.
[5]孙嘉彬.张峰水库大坝渗流监测和仪器选型[J].山西水利,2008,24(5):77-79.
[6]周国强.水力坡降法在大坝渗流监测中的应用[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2014,12(4):371-375.
[7]程冠初.岩土介质渗流以及输运从孔隙尺度到达西尺度的研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2012.
[8]李刚,宋先海.渗压计在渗流监测中的误差分析及对策[J].人民长江,2010,41(15):59-62.
[9]严珺凡,施斌,曹鼎峰,等.基于碳纤维加热光缆的砂性土渗流场C-DTS分布式监测试验研究[J].岩土力学,2015(2):430-436.
[10]杨世铭.传热学(第四版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006:20-32.
[11]李雯.热式质量流量计的设计热式质量流量计的设计[D].杭州:浙江大学,2007.
[12]魏列江.液体微小流量的非定常流测量原理与方法的研究[D].兰州:兰州理工大学,2009.
[13]Nie Y Z.Design of High Precision Temperature Sensor Based on Platinum Resistance[J].Applied Mechanics&Materials,2014,539:177-180.
[14]Mahnam A,Yazdanian H,Samani M M.Comprehensive Study of Howland Circuit with Non-Ideal Components to Design High Performance Current Pumps[J].Measurement,2016,82:94-104.
[15]章丽莎.滨海地区地下水位变化对地基及基坑渗流特性的[D].杭州:浙江大学,2017.
[16]Permeability Coefficient[M].Springer Berlin Heidelberg,2014.