“一带一路”倡议下国际投资争端解决机制的重构分析
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摘要
新时期,我国提出了"一带一路"的倡议,"一带一路"合作框架的构建给我国和沿线国提供了一个高水平合作的平台,进一步实现"走出去"目标。随着"一带一路"倡议的实施,沿线国之间贸易往来更为广泛和深入,其争端解决机制必然会发挥至关重要的作用。然而,目前的争端解决机制难以承担此责任,因此文章通过比较分析国际上现有的贸易争端解决机制,从法律的视角提出解决的基本思路,以探寻适用于"一带一路"现状的争端解决模式。
In new period,China put forward "the Belt and Road"Initiative. It provides a high level of cooperation platform among the countries along "the Belt and Road"and also furthers to achieve the goal of "Going out"strategy. Since the initiative is an economic cooperation that involves many aspects and participants,disputes are inevitable. To ensure the effective implementation,establishment of one dispute settlement mechanism that could serve countries alongside well is undoubtedly significant. We must make full use of the global platform of existing dispute settlement mechanisms,so as to explore distinctive regional mechanism for "the Belt and Road"Initiative.
In new period,China put forward "the Belt and Road"Initiative. It provides a high level of cooperation platform among the countries along "the Belt and Road"and also furthers to achieve the goal of "Going out"strategy. Since the initiative is an economic cooperation that involves many aspects and participants,disputes are inevitable. To ensure the effective implementation,establishment of one dispute settlement mechanism that could serve countries alongside well is undoubtedly significant. We must make full use of the global platform of existing dispute settlement mechanisms,so as to explore distinctive regional mechanism for "the Belt and Road"Initiative.
引文
[1]商务部.发展改革委、外交部、商务部经国务院授权联合发布《推动共建丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路的愿景与行动》[EB/OL].[2017-05-10].http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/article/resume/n/201504/20150400929655.shtml.
[2]最高法.推进建立“一带一路”争端解决中心[EB/OL].[2017-05-10].http://legal.china.com.cn/2017-03/10/content_40440290.htm.
[3]彭何利,毛勇.“新丝绸之路经济带”的国际法治构建[J].法学杂志,2015,(8).
[4]李景豹.中亚五国投资中的争端解决机制探析[J].前沿,2016,(8).
[5]Razeen Sappideen,Ling Ling He.Dispute Settlement Under Free Trade Agreements:The Proposed Australia-China Free Trade Agreement[J].Journal of World Investment&Trade,2011,(4).
[6]Garcia F J.Decision-Making and Dispute Resolution in the Free Trade Area of the Americas:An Essay in Trade Governance[J].Michigan Journal of International Law,1997.
[7]林宇莹.TPP劳工条款与国际劳工标准联结对国际贸易体制之影响[J].哈尔滨学院学报,2017,(6).
[8]ICSID.The ICSID Caseload Statistics(Issue2017-1)[EB/OL].[2017-05-10].https://icsid.worldbank.org/en/Documents/resources/ICSID%20Web%20Stats%202017-1%20(English)%20Final.pdf.
[9]黄进.建立中国现代仲裁制度的三点构想——在2017上海国际仲裁周高端论坛开幕致辞[EB/OL].[2017-05-10].http://www.chinaarb.org/dynamic/Details/2de39a8f79814831861bbd135fa28b0a.
[10]王贵国.“一带一路”战略争端解决机制[J].中国法律评论,2016,(2).
[11]中国国际贸易促进委员会,中国国际商会.网上仲裁规则[EB/OL].[2017-05-10].http://www.cietac.org/index.php?m=Page&a=index&id=19&l=cn.
[12]中国广州仲裁委员会.《中国广州仲裁委员会网贷纠纷网络仲裁专门规则》《中国广州仲裁委员会小额网购纠纷网络仲裁专门规则》《中国广州仲裁委员会信用卡纠纷网络仲裁专门规则》《中国广州仲裁委员会网络仲裁规则》[EB/OL].[2017-05-10].http://www.gzac.org/WEB_CN/About List.aspx?About Type=4.
[13]张桂红.以法律保障“一带一路”中的国际投资风险[J].人民法治,2015,(11).
[14]UNCTAD.NATIONS.Investor–State Dispute Settlement And Impact On Investment Rulemaking[EB/OL].[2017-05-10].http://unctad.org/en/docs/iteiia20073_en.pdf.
[15]赵骏,刘芸.国际投资仲裁透明度改革及我国的应对[J].浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版),2014,(3).
[16]叶楠.发展中的国际投资协定透明度原则及其对中国的启示[J].武大国经法评论,2014,(2).
[17]LI Ke.Investment Arbitration between Chinese Investors and Their Host Countries in Africa:A More Transparent Future?[J].商事仲裁,2016,(1).
(1)China Heilongjiang International Economic&Technical Cooperative Corp.Beijing Shougang Mining Investment Company Ltd.Qinhuangdaoshi Qinlong International Industrial Co.Ltd.v.Mongolia,PCA Case No 2020-20.
(2)Sanum Investments Ltd.v.Lao People’s Democratic Republic,PCA Case No.2013-13.
(3)Beijing Urban Construction Group Co.Ltd.v.Republic of Yemen,ICSID Case No.ARB/14/30.
(4)Ekran Berhad v.People’s Republic of China,ICSID Case No.ARB/11/15.
(5)Ansung Housing Co.Ltd.v.People’s Republic of China,ICSID Case No.ARB/14/25.
(6)“法律之友”是指“非诉讼当事人,因为诉讼的主要事实涉及其重大利益,得请求法院或受法院的请求而于诉讼过程中提出书面意见者”。
(7)下列涉及国家安全和利益的事项,泄露后可能损害国家在政治、经济、国防、外交等领域的安全和利益的,应当确定为国家秘密:(一)国家事务重大决策中的秘密事项;(二)国防建设和武装力量活动中的秘密事项;(三)外交和外事活动中的秘密事项以及对外承担保密义务的秘密事项;(四)国民经济和社会发展中的秘密事项;(五)科学技术中的秘密事项;(六)维护国家安全活动和追查刑事犯罪中的秘密事项;(七)经国家保密行政管理部门确定的其他秘密事项。政党的秘密事项中符合前款规定的,属于国家秘密。
[2]最高法.推进建立“一带一路”争端解决中心[EB/OL].[2017-05-10].http://legal.china.com.cn/2017-03/10/content_40440290.htm.
[3]彭何利,毛勇.“新丝绸之路经济带”的国际法治构建[J].法学杂志,2015,(8).
[4]李景豹.中亚五国投资中的争端解决机制探析[J].前沿,2016,(8).
[5]Razeen Sappideen,Ling Ling He.Dispute Settlement Under Free Trade Agreements:The Proposed Australia-China Free Trade Agreement[J].Journal of World Investment&Trade,2011,(4).
[6]Garcia F J.Decision-Making and Dispute Resolution in the Free Trade Area of the Americas:An Essay in Trade Governance[J].Michigan Journal of International Law,1997.
[7]林宇莹.TPP劳工条款与国际劳工标准联结对国际贸易体制之影响[J].哈尔滨学院学报,2017,(6).
[8]ICSID.The ICSID Caseload Statistics(Issue2017-1)[EB/OL].[2017-05-10].https://icsid.worldbank.org/en/Documents/resources/ICSID%20Web%20Stats%202017-1%20(English)%20Final.pdf.
[9]黄进.建立中国现代仲裁制度的三点构想——在2017上海国际仲裁周高端论坛开幕致辞[EB/OL].[2017-05-10].http://www.chinaarb.org/dynamic/Details/2de39a8f79814831861bbd135fa28b0a.
[10]王贵国.“一带一路”战略争端解决机制[J].中国法律评论,2016,(2).
[11]中国国际贸易促进委员会,中国国际商会.网上仲裁规则[EB/OL].[2017-05-10].http://www.cietac.org/index.php?m=Page&a=index&id=19&l=cn.
[12]中国广州仲裁委员会.《中国广州仲裁委员会网贷纠纷网络仲裁专门规则》《中国广州仲裁委员会小额网购纠纷网络仲裁专门规则》《中国广州仲裁委员会信用卡纠纷网络仲裁专门规则》《中国广州仲裁委员会网络仲裁规则》[EB/OL].[2017-05-10].http://www.gzac.org/WEB_CN/About List.aspx?About Type=4.
[13]张桂红.以法律保障“一带一路”中的国际投资风险[J].人民法治,2015,(11).
[14]UNCTAD.NATIONS.Investor–State Dispute Settlement And Impact On Investment Rulemaking[EB/OL].[2017-05-10].http://unctad.org/en/docs/iteiia20073_en.pdf.
[15]赵骏,刘芸.国际投资仲裁透明度改革及我国的应对[J].浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版),2014,(3).
[16]叶楠.发展中的国际投资协定透明度原则及其对中国的启示[J].武大国经法评论,2014,(2).
[17]LI Ke.Investment Arbitration between Chinese Investors and Their Host Countries in Africa:A More Transparent Future?[J].商事仲裁,2016,(1).
(1)China Heilongjiang International Economic&Technical Cooperative Corp.Beijing Shougang Mining Investment Company Ltd.Qinhuangdaoshi Qinlong International Industrial Co.Ltd.v.Mongolia,PCA Case No 2020-20.
(2)Sanum Investments Ltd.v.Lao People’s Democratic Republic,PCA Case No.2013-13.
(3)Beijing Urban Construction Group Co.Ltd.v.Republic of Yemen,ICSID Case No.ARB/14/30.
(4)Ekran Berhad v.People’s Republic of China,ICSID Case No.ARB/11/15.
(5)Ansung Housing Co.Ltd.v.People’s Republic of China,ICSID Case No.ARB/14/25.
(6)“法律之友”是指“非诉讼当事人,因为诉讼的主要事实涉及其重大利益,得请求法院或受法院的请求而于诉讼过程中提出书面意见者”。
(7)下列涉及国家安全和利益的事项,泄露后可能损害国家在政治、经济、国防、外交等领域的安全和利益的,应当确定为国家秘密:(一)国家事务重大决策中的秘密事项;(二)国防建设和武装力量活动中的秘密事项;(三)外交和外事活动中的秘密事项以及对外承担保密义务的秘密事项;(四)国民经济和社会发展中的秘密事项;(五)科学技术中的秘密事项;(六)维护国家安全活动和追查刑事犯罪中的秘密事项;(七)经国家保密行政管理部门确定的其他秘密事项。政党的秘密事项中符合前款规定的,属于国家秘密。