民族药苦参在黎平侗族的应用调查研究
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摘要
目的:通过对苦参在民间应用上的经验调查为苦参的研究及开发利用提供新的研究路线。方法:以贵州省黎平县为调查点,采用民族学和民族植物学的调查方法对苦参在黎平侗族民间应用进行调查。结果:传统的侗族医药和中药在苦参用药治疗上主要集中在抗炎、抗菌、止痛等方面上。苦参主要的化学成分是苦参碱与氧化苦参碱,现代研究表明,苦参具有抗炎、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、免疫调节、心血管系统调节、中枢神经系统调节和消化系统调节等作用。黎平侗族民间与中药苦参在用药方法大体相同,煎水,内服外用均有。且民间用药的人群集中在民间草医,年龄偏高。主要应用在皮肤瘙痒、皮疹、妇科疾病上。结论:在传统的侗医药中,苦参的应用广泛,在治疗疾病方面主要集中在抗炎、抗菌、止痛等方面。
Objective: To provide a new route for the research, development and utilization of Sophora flavescens Ait. by investigating the application of Sophora flavescens Ait. in the Dong folk. Methods: Taking Liping County of Guizhou province as a survey area, the ethnological and ethnobotanical methods were used to investigate the application of Sophora flavescens Ait. in the Dong folk. Results: The application of Sophora flavescens Ait. in traditional Dong medicine and TCM mainly focused on its action of anti-inflammation, anti-bacteria and analgesia. The main chemical constituents of Sophora flavescens Ait. are matrine and oxymatrine. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that matrine and oxymatrine have the actions of anti-inflammation,anti-bacteria,anti-virus,anti-tumor,regulating immune system, cardiovasudar system, central nerve system, and digestive system. There are similar applicaiton method in Sophora flavescens Ait. between Dong folk medicine and TCM, for example, both of them have decoction, internal and external application. Senior folk doctors are the major population to use Sophora flavescens Ait.. The diseases treated by using this medicine are skin itching, rash, and gynecological diseases. Conclusion: In the traditional Dong medicine, Sophora flavescens Ait. is widely used, and it is mainly focused on anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and analgesic aspects in the treatment of diseases.
Objective: To provide a new route for the research, development and utilization of Sophora flavescens Ait. by investigating the application of Sophora flavescens Ait. in the Dong folk. Methods: Taking Liping County of Guizhou province as a survey area, the ethnological and ethnobotanical methods were used to investigate the application of Sophora flavescens Ait. in the Dong folk. Results: The application of Sophora flavescens Ait. in traditional Dong medicine and TCM mainly focused on its action of anti-inflammation, anti-bacteria and analgesia. The main chemical constituents of Sophora flavescens Ait. are matrine and oxymatrine. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that matrine and oxymatrine have the actions of anti-inflammation,anti-bacteria,anti-virus,anti-tumor,regulating immune system, cardiovasudar system, central nerve system, and digestive system. There are similar applicaiton method in Sophora flavescens Ait. between Dong folk medicine and TCM, for example, both of them have decoction, internal and external application. Senior folk doctors are the major population to use Sophora flavescens Ait.. The diseases treated by using this medicine are skin itching, rash, and gynecological diseases. Conclusion: In the traditional Dong medicine, Sophora flavescens Ait. is widely used, and it is mainly focused on anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and analgesic aspects in the treatment of diseases.
引文
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[18] 丽艳,沈佳,沈陶冶,等.苦参碱对缺血性脑中风小鼠神经元及星形胶质细胞的保护作用[J].中国临床药理学与治疗学,2012,17(12):1343-1348.
[19] 何雄,韦星船,田裕昌,等.苦参碱及其衍生物合成及生物活性研究进展[J].中国现代应用药学,2011,28(9):816-823.
[20] 何礼,尚剑.苦参抗肿瘤机制的研究进展[J].中医药信息,2012,29(4):175-176.
[21] 战渤玉,李东霞,高明.苦参的现代研究进展[J].中医药信息,2009,26(1):23-25.
[22] 李辉,樊亚巍,常东,等.苦参碱治疗慢性乙型肝炎临床疗效观察[J].中医药信息,2003,20(5):42.
[23] 樊宏伟,卢继红,张蓉.苦参碱类生物碱的体外抑菌、抑病毒及诱生干扰素的实验研究[J].中医药信息,2000,17(4):75-76.
[24] 龙运光,袁涛忠.侗族常用药物图鉴[M].贵阳:贵州科技出版社,2009:244.
[25] 杨卫平,夏同珩.新编中草药图谱及经典配方[M].贵阳:贵州科技出版社,2014:283.
[2] 贵州省黎平县地方编纂委员会.黎平县志(下)[M].贵阳:贵州人民出版社,2009:109-110.
[3] 吴普述.神农本草经[M].南宁:广西科学技术出版社,2016:109-110.
[4] 高学敏.本草纲目(彩图版)[M].北京:北京联合出版社,2013:262.
[5] 宋立人.中华本草(第一册)[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1999:245.
[6] 张山雷.本草正义[M].福州:福建科学技术出版社,2006:63.
[7] 孙庆文,罗迎春.贵州民族常用天然药物(第一卷)[M].贵阳:贵州科技出版社,2013:213.
[8] 陆科闵.侗族医学[M].1版,贵阳:贵州科技出版社,1992:69-89.
[9] 萧成文.侗族医药探秘[M].1版,长沙:岳麓书社,2004:45-70.
[10] 龙运光,袁涛忠.侗族药物方剂学[M].1版,贵阳:贵州科学技术出版社,2009:88-98.
[11] 戴五好,钱利武,杨士友,等.苦参、山豆根生物碱及其总碱的抑菌活性研究[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2012,18(3):177-180.
[12] 孙明瑜,左剑,段继峰.等.苦参总黄酮体内外抗肿瘤作用实验研究[J].中西医结合学报,2008,6(1):51-59.
[13] 张钟媛.苦参的化学成分和药理作用研究进展[J].云南中医中药杂志,2015,36(6):106-108.
[14] 周景春,吴金昱.清热燥湿的苦参[J].首都医药,2014(23):42-42.
[15] 付奔.新型苦参碱类衍生物的设计、合成及抗肿瘤活性研究[D].上海:第二军医大学,2017:10-15.
[16] 李俐涛,孟笑梅,尹昱,等.氧化苦参碱对局灶性脑缺血小鼠脑保护机制的研究[J].中国全科医学,2012,18(6):2059-2062.
[17] 习长青.苦参碱中枢药理作用的研究进展[J].中国现代药物应用,2009,3(1):187-189.
[18] 丽艳,沈佳,沈陶冶,等.苦参碱对缺血性脑中风小鼠神经元及星形胶质细胞的保护作用[J].中国临床药理学与治疗学,2012,17(12):1343-1348.
[19] 何雄,韦星船,田裕昌,等.苦参碱及其衍生物合成及生物活性研究进展[J].中国现代应用药学,2011,28(9):816-823.
[20] 何礼,尚剑.苦参抗肿瘤机制的研究进展[J].中医药信息,2012,29(4):175-176.
[21] 战渤玉,李东霞,高明.苦参的现代研究进展[J].中医药信息,2009,26(1):23-25.
[22] 李辉,樊亚巍,常东,等.苦参碱治疗慢性乙型肝炎临床疗效观察[J].中医药信息,2003,20(5):42.
[23] 樊宏伟,卢继红,张蓉.苦参碱类生物碱的体外抑菌、抑病毒及诱生干扰素的实验研究[J].中医药信息,2000,17(4):75-76.
[24] 龙运光,袁涛忠.侗族常用药物图鉴[M].贵阳:贵州科技出版社,2009:244.
[25] 杨卫平,夏同珩.新编中草药图谱及经典配方[M].贵阳:贵州科技出版社,2014:283.