局部热处理提高铝合金复杂零件成形性的模拟研究
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摘要
通过单向拉伸试验获得5250铝合金原始H112态和短时热处理板材的真实应力-应变曲线。采用有限元模拟方法探讨了局部热处理板材在铝合金复杂零件成形中的应用,系统研究了不同局部热处理方案对铝合金复杂口框零件成形性的影响,并分析了零件成形能力提高的机理。模拟结果表明,采用原始硬态板材成形口框零件时,局部减薄严重,破裂多发生在平面应变变形区;合适的局部热处理方案可显著提高口框零件的成形能力,局部热处理引起的材料局部软化可显著提高5250铝合金局部成形性,同时软硬材料的梯度分布可使原始破裂位置的应变路径由平面应变转变为双拉状态,进一步提高零件的成形能力。
The true stress-strain curves of 5250 aluminum alloy in original H112 state and after short time heat treatment were obtained by uniaxial tensile test. The application of tailored heat treated blanks( THTB) in the forming of aluminum alloy complex parts was discussed using finite element simulation method,the influence of different tailored heat treated blanks schemes on the formability of aluminum alloy complex mouth frame parts was systematically studied,and the mechanism for formability improvement of the parts was analyzed. The simulation results show that when forming the mouth frame parts with original H112 state plate,severe local thinning occurs,and rupture tends to occur in the plane strain region. The suitable tailored heat treated blanks scheme can greatly improve the formability of the mouth frame parts,as the local softening of the material caused by tailored heat treatment can significantly improve the local formability of 5250 aluminum alloy. At the same time,the gradient distribution of soft and hard materials can change the strain path of the original fracture position from plane strain to double pull state,and further improve the forming ability of the parts.
The true stress-strain curves of 5250 aluminum alloy in original H112 state and after short time heat treatment were obtained by uniaxial tensile test. The application of tailored heat treated blanks( THTB) in the forming of aluminum alloy complex parts was discussed using finite element simulation method,the influence of different tailored heat treated blanks schemes on the formability of aluminum alloy complex mouth frame parts was systematically studied,and the mechanism for formability improvement of the parts was analyzed. The simulation results show that when forming the mouth frame parts with original H112 state plate,severe local thinning occurs,and rupture tends to occur in the plane strain region. The suitable tailored heat treated blanks scheme can greatly improve the formability of the mouth frame parts,as the local softening of the material caused by tailored heat treatment can significantly improve the local formability of 5250 aluminum alloy. At the same time,the gradient distribution of soft and hard materials can change the strain path of the original fracture position from plane strain to double pull state,and further improve the forming ability of the parts.
引文
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[2]STAUD D,MERKLEIN M.Inverse approach to the forming simulation of tailored heat treated blanks[J].International Journal of Material Forming,2008,1(1 Supplement):37-40.
[3]涂集林,王永军,魏生民.先进钣金成形技术及装备发展现状[J].航空制造技,2015,58(16):44-47.TU Jilin,WANG Yongjun,WEI Shengmin.Advanced forming technology and equipment development of sheet metal[J].Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology,2015,58(16):44-47.
[4]MERKLEIN M,LECHNER M,KUPPERT A,et al.Enhancement of formability of aluminum alloys in multi-stage forming operations by a local intermediate heat treatment[J].Production Engineering,2012,6(6):541-549.
[5]HUNG N,MARION M.Improved formability of aluminum alloys using laser induced hardening of tailored heat treated blanks[J].Physics Procedia,2012,39:318-326.
[6]GEIGER M,MERKLEIN M,KERAUSCH M.Finite element simulation of deep drawing of tailored heat treated blanks[J].CIRP Annals-Manufacturing Technology,2004,53(1):223-226.
[7]ZARINI S,MOSTAED,VEDANI E M,et al.Formability enhancement of Al 6060 sheets through fiber laser heat treatment[J].International Journal of Material Forming,2017,(10):741-751.
[8]王志坚,刘保义,宋鸿武,等.短时高温热处理对H态5250铝合金力学性能的影响[J].中国科技期刊数据库科研,2018,2:156-158.WANG Zhijian,LIU Baoyi,SONG Hongwu,et al.Effect of short time high temperature heat treatment on mechanical properties of H-state 5250 aluminum alloy[J].CSTJ,2018,2:156-158.
[9]MERKLEIN M,JOHANNES M,LECHNER M,et al.A review on tailored blanks-production,applications and evaluation[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2014,214(2):151-164.
[10]SIEFERT K,MERKLEIN M,NESTER W,et al.Enhancement of forming limits of aluminum alloys using an intermediate heat treatment[J].AIP Conference Proceedings,2011,1315(1):359-364.
[11]胡晓,刁可山,李雷.Dynaform与Autoform在铝板冲压成形模拟中的比较[J].塑性工程学报,2017,24(3):31-35.HU Xiao,DIAO Keshan,LI Lei.Comparison of dynaform with autoform in the simulation of aluminum sheet stamping[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2017,24(3):31-35.
[12]KAHRIMANIDIS A,WORTBERG D,MERKLEIN M.Approach to minimize the distortion of 6xxx-aluminum tailor heat treated blanks in industrial applications[J].Production Engineering,2015,9(5-6):569-576.
[13]陈继涛,宋海燕,朱永强.基于Dynaform的汽车发动机盖内板成形分析[J].锻压技术,2017,42(1):19-22.CHEN Jitao,SONG Haiyan,ZHU Yongqiang.Analysis on drawing process of automotive engine hood inner panel based on Dynaform[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2017,42(1):19-22.
[14]GEIGER M,MERKLEIN M,VOGT U.Aluminum tailored heat treated blanks[J].Production Engineering,2009,3(4-5):401-410.
[15]ALEXANDER K,DANIEL W,MARION M.Influence of a short term heat treatment by conduction and induction on the mechanical properties of AA6014 alloys[J].Physics Procedia,2014,56(3):1410-1418.
[16]金飞翔,钟志平,李凤娇,等.不同硬化模型对铝合金板冲压成形模拟结果的影响[J].机械工程学报,2017,11(53):57-66.JIN Feixiang,ZHONG Zhiping,LI Fengjiao,et al.Influence of different hardening model for the simulating results of the aluminum alloy sheet stamping[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2017,11(53):57-66.