加纳Lekma医院眼科疾病谱分析对援非医疗的指导
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摘要
目的通过回顾性分析加纳Lekma医院眼科的疾病谱,了解非洲的常见眼科疾病,为下一步援非医疗工作的顺利开展作出指导,使眼科的资源投入和分配更加合理化。方法采用回顾性研究,抽取加纳Lekma医院2015年10月至2016年5月间5个月的疾病报表,按疾病诊断、季节、年龄、性别分析眼科疾病谱情况。结果作为一级综合性医院的加纳Lekma医院,其眼科月门诊量500～700人次,眼科月手术量2～4台。女性患者明显多于男性患者,根据季节的变化,疾病的构成比无明显差异,排前几位的疾病分别是结膜炎、白内障、青光眼、屈光不正,手术主要以小切口手动白内障摘除术、翼状胬肉切除联合结膜瓣转移术为主。结论援非医疗工作的重心在眼科方面要放在白内障的治疗上,患者量较大,援助的效果较好,派出的眼科医生应为白内障专科方向,在援助形式上,可采取短期"光明行"活动与长期驻点援助结合的方式。
Objective To investigate common ocular diseases in Africa through retrospective analysis of the ocular disease spectrum obtained from Lekma Hospital,Ghana,so that evidence could be provided for smooth implementation of future African medical missions and reasonable input and allocation of ocular medical resources. Methods In the retrospective study,medical data of the case reports from October,2015 to May,2016 were collected for the study,analyzed by seasons and conclusions were reached accordingly. Results As a comprehensive hospital,the monthly ocular outpatient visits of Lekma hospital were 500-700 men times and monthly ocular surgeries were 2 to 4 times. The number of female patients was significantly larger than that of male patients. By the term of seasons,there were no significant differences in the percentage of diseases. The top 4 prevalent diseases were conjunctivitis,cataract,glaucoma and refractive error. Manual small incision cataract surgery( MSICS) and pterygium excision coupled with autologous conjunctival graft were most commonly encountered surgeries. Conclusion The main emphasis of African medical missions should be laid on the treatment of cataract with respect of ocular diseases,as the number of such patients was relatively larger because of its high prevalence,and good surgical outcome could be achieved. With this reason,more ocular doctors should be dispatched for the treatment of cataract. With respect to the forms of medical assistance,the short-term " bright eye mission" could be combined with long standing medical stations there.
Objective To investigate common ocular diseases in Africa through retrospective analysis of the ocular disease spectrum obtained from Lekma Hospital,Ghana,so that evidence could be provided for smooth implementation of future African medical missions and reasonable input and allocation of ocular medical resources. Methods In the retrospective study,medical data of the case reports from October,2015 to May,2016 were collected for the study,analyzed by seasons and conclusions were reached accordingly. Results As a comprehensive hospital,the monthly ocular outpatient visits of Lekma hospital were 500-700 men times and monthly ocular surgeries were 2 to 4 times. The number of female patients was significantly larger than that of male patients. By the term of seasons,there were no significant differences in the percentage of diseases. The top 4 prevalent diseases were conjunctivitis,cataract,glaucoma and refractive error. Manual small incision cataract surgery( MSICS) and pterygium excision coupled with autologous conjunctival graft were most commonly encountered surgeries. Conclusion The main emphasis of African medical missions should be laid on the treatment of cataract with respect of ocular diseases,as the number of such patients was relatively larger because of its high prevalence,and good surgical outcome could be achieved. With this reason,more ocular doctors should be dispatched for the treatment of cataract. With respect to the forms of medical assistance,the short-term " bright eye mission" could be combined with long standing medical stations there.
引文
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[7] Hagan M,Yayemain D,Ahorsu F,et al. Prevalence of active trachoma two years after control activities[J]. Ghana Med J,2009,43(2):54-60.
[8]杜敬毅,周辰.北京同仁医院眼科2005-2009年就诊患者病种分析[J].眼科,2011,20(3):211-213.
[2] Kumah BD,Ebri A,Abdul-Kabir M,et al. Refractive error and visual impairment in private school children in Ghana[J]. Optom Vis Sci,2013,90(12):1456-1461. DOI:10. 1097/OPX.0000000000000099.
[3] Budenz DL,Bandi JR,Barton K,et al. Blindness and visual impairment in an urban West African population:the tema eye survey[J]. Ophthalmology,2012,119(9):1744-1753. DOI:10.1016/j. ophtha. 2012. 04. 017. Epub 2012 Jun 5.
[4] Wolfs RC,Klaver CC,Ramrattan RS,et al. Genetic risk of primary open-angle glaucoma. Population-based familial aggregation study[J]. Arch Ophthalmol,1998,116:1640–1645.
[5] Abu-Amero KK,Hauser MA,Mohamed G,et al. Mitochondrial genetic background in Ghanaian patients with primary open-angle glaucoma[J]. Mol Vis,2012,18:1955-1959.
[6] Abu EK,Boampong JN,Amoabeng JK,et al. Epidemiology of ocular toxoplasmosis in three community surveys in the central region of ghana,West Africa[J]. Ophthalmic Epidemiol,2016,23(1):14-19. DOI:10. 3109/09286586. 2015. 1089579. Epub 2016 Jan20.
[7] Hagan M,Yayemain D,Ahorsu F,et al. Prevalence of active trachoma two years after control activities[J]. Ghana Med J,2009,43(2):54-60.
[8]杜敬毅,周辰.北京同仁医院眼科2005-2009年就诊患者病种分析[J].眼科,2011,20(3):211-213.