发酵处理杏鲍菇菌糠饲喂肉牛效果的初探
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摘要
[目的]为研究发酵杏鲍菇菌糠营养价值和对肉牛的饲喂效果。[方法]本研究选取20头6-7月龄雄性日本和牛三代牛并按试验要求随机分为3组,分别饲喂3种不同饲粮,以牛场TMR日粮为对照组(n=6),组Ⅰ(n=7)、组Ⅱ(n=7)分别在TMR日粮中添加发酵杏鲍菇菌糠、新鲜杏鲍菇菌糠替代30%精料,预饲期7 d,正试期70 d,检测各组营养水平、肉牛生长性能、血液生理生化指标进行考察。[结果]发酵杏鲍菇菌糠粗蛋白含量和综合净能为11.21%、4.85 MJ/kg,新鲜杏鲍菇菌糠粗蛋白含量和综合净能为10.75%、3.48 MJ/kg。组Ⅰ日增重水平高于组Ⅱ,低于对照组,三组差异不显著(P>0.05)。组Ⅰ总蛋白(TP)、球蛋白(GLO)水平显著高于对照组(P≤0.05),白蛋白(ALB)显著高于组Ⅱ(P≤0.05),其他指标差异不显著(P>0.05)。[结论]发酵处理提升了杏鲍菇菌糠的营养价值和风味,并且饲喂效果良好,可作为优质替代饲料用于肉牛饲养。
【Objecttive】To study the nutritional value of fermented Pleurotus eryngii and the effect of feeding beef cattle.【Method】In this study, 20 male Japanese cattle of 6-7 months old were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups according to experimental requirements.Three different diets were fed, and the basic diet of the cattle farm was used as the control group(n=6). In group I(n=7) and group II(n=7), the fermented Pleurotus eryngii sputum and the fresh Pleurotus eryngii sputum were replaced by 30% concentrate in the basal diet. The pre-feeding period was 7 days, and the trial period was 70 days. The nutritional levels of each group, the growth performance of beef cattle, blood physiological and biochemical indicators were examined. 【Result】The crude protein content and comprehensive net energy of fermented Pleurotus eryngii sputum were 11.21% and 4.85 MJ/kg, The crude protein content and comprehensive net energy of fresh Pleurotus eryngii sputum were 10.75% and 3.48 MJ/kg. The daily weight gain of group I was higher than that of group II, which was lower than that of the control group, and the difference between the three groups was not significant(P >0.05). The total protein(TP) and globulin(GLO) levels in group I were significantly higher than those in the control group(P ≤0.05), albumin(ALB) was significantly higher than group II(P ≤0.05), and other indicators were not significantly different.(P>0.05). 【Conclusion】The fermentation treatment enhances the nutritional value and flavor of Pleurotus eryngii sputum, and it has a good feeding effect, can be used as a high quality alternative feed for beef cattle breeding.
【Objecttive】To study the nutritional value of fermented Pleurotus eryngii and the effect of feeding beef cattle.【Method】In this study, 20 male Japanese cattle of 6-7 months old were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups according to experimental requirements.Three different diets were fed, and the basic diet of the cattle farm was used as the control group(n=6). In group I(n=7) and group II(n=7), the fermented Pleurotus eryngii sputum and the fresh Pleurotus eryngii sputum were replaced by 30% concentrate in the basal diet. The pre-feeding period was 7 days, and the trial period was 70 days. The nutritional levels of each group, the growth performance of beef cattle, blood physiological and biochemical indicators were examined. 【Result】The crude protein content and comprehensive net energy of fermented Pleurotus eryngii sputum were 11.21% and 4.85 MJ/kg, The crude protein content and comprehensive net energy of fresh Pleurotus eryngii sputum were 10.75% and 3.48 MJ/kg. The daily weight gain of group I was higher than that of group II, which was lower than that of the control group, and the difference between the three groups was not significant(P >0.05). The total protein(TP) and globulin(GLO) levels in group I were significantly higher than those in the control group(P ≤0.05), albumin(ALB) was significantly higher than group II(P ≤0.05), and other indicators were not significantly different.(P>0.05). 【Conclusion】The fermentation treatment enhances the nutritional value and flavor of Pleurotus eryngii sputum, and it has a good feeding effect, can be used as a high quality alternative feed for beef cattle breeding.
引文
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[14] 孟梅娟,涂远璐,白云峰,等.饲粮中补饲非常规饲料对育肥羊屠宰性能、血液生化指标及肉品质的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2018,34(02):390-398.
[15] 韩朋伟,卜小丽,刘世操,等.发酵杏鲍菇菌糠对肉鸡生长性能和血清生化指标的影响[J].粮食与饲料工业,2016,12(3):48-51.
[16] 刘志芳,王建武,杨瑞基,等.杏鲍菇菌糠对奶牛、肉牛、肉羊饲喂效果研究[J].饲料工业,2013,34(09):33-37.
[17] 高旭红,窦林敏,李佳腾,等.杏鲍菇菌糠饲料的发酵条件及其对山羊的饲喂效果[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(8):1973-1980.
[18] 王源,赵文文,刁新平.枯草芽孢杆菌的研究进展[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2018(19):62-64.
[19] 仲伟光,祁宏伟,赵玉民.酵母菌制剂在调控反刍动物生产性能和瘤胃生态中的应用[J].中国畜牧杂志,2018,54(8):26-30.
[20] 张铮,石青松,朱伟云,等.乳酸菌发酵饲料对断奶仔猪生长性能和肠道健康的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(19):170-173.
[2] 王辽卫.2017年我国饲料原料市场回顾与展望[J].猪业科学,2018,35(2):49-51.
[3] 张俊飚,李鹏.我国食用菌新兴产业发展的战略思考与对策建议[J].华中农业大学学报(社会科学版),2014,33(5):1-7.
[4] 王红兵,蒋桂韬,张建华.食用菌菌糠在畜禽饲料中应用的研究进展[J].饲料与畜牧,2015(12):30-33.
[5] Liu Y,Zhao C,Lin D,et al.Effects of Ganoderma lucidum Spent Mushroom Substrate Extract on Milk and Serum Immunoglobulin Levels and Serum Antioxidant Capacity of Dairy Cows[J].Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research,2015,14(6):1049-1055.
[6] Van Doan H,Hoseinifar S H,Dawood M A O,et al.Effects of Cordyceps militaris,spent mushroom substrate and,Lactobacillus plantarum,on mucosal,serum immunology and growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)[J].Fish & Shellfish Immunology,2017(70):87-94.
[7] 陆亚珍,王恒昌,申远航,等.杏鲍菇菌糠的营养价值评价及其在羊日粮中的应用效果[J].安徽农业科学,2017,45(3):117-118.
[8] 吴端钦,唐守伟,王延周,等.菌糠饲料化开发及其在动物生产中的应用[J].中国畜牧杂志,2015,51(24):75-78+83.
[9] 郑有坤,易敏,陈建州,等.微生物发酵对香菇菌糠饲料品质的影响[J].西南农业学报,2013,26(03):1143-1147.
[10] Kwak WS,Jung SH,Kim YI.Broiler litter supplementation im-proves storage and feed-nutritional value of sawdust-based spent mushroom substrate[J].Bioresour Technol,2008,99:2947-2955.
[11] 李志涛,李海燕,马腾壑,等.白灵菇菌糠发酵饲料的加工调制与优化[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2016(05):156-158.
[12] 张树苗,梁兵宽,张林源,等.健康麋鹿血清总蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白含量的分析[J].天津师范大学学报(自然科学版),2015,35(3):109-111.
[13] 潘军,曹玉凤,吕超,等.菌糠对肉牛生长性能和血液生理生化指标的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2011,39(01):21-28.
[14] 孟梅娟,涂远璐,白云峰,等.饲粮中补饲非常规饲料对育肥羊屠宰性能、血液生化指标及肉品质的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2018,34(02):390-398.
[15] 韩朋伟,卜小丽,刘世操,等.发酵杏鲍菇菌糠对肉鸡生长性能和血清生化指标的影响[J].粮食与饲料工业,2016,12(3):48-51.
[16] 刘志芳,王建武,杨瑞基,等.杏鲍菇菌糠对奶牛、肉牛、肉羊饲喂效果研究[J].饲料工业,2013,34(09):33-37.
[17] 高旭红,窦林敏,李佳腾,等.杏鲍菇菌糠饲料的发酵条件及其对山羊的饲喂效果[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(8):1973-1980.
[18] 王源,赵文文,刁新平.枯草芽孢杆菌的研究进展[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2018(19):62-64.
[19] 仲伟光,祁宏伟,赵玉民.酵母菌制剂在调控反刍动物生产性能和瘤胃生态中的应用[J].中国畜牧杂志,2018,54(8):26-30.
[20] 张铮,石青松,朱伟云,等.乳酸菌发酵饲料对断奶仔猪生长性能和肠道健康的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(19):170-173.