猪屎豆提取物的化感作用研究
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摘要
[目的]探究猪屎豆是否具有化感作用。[方法]采用种子萌发法(培养皿滤纸法),评价猪屎豆提取物对玉米、萝卜、莴苣和鬼针草的化感作用。[结果]猪屎豆乙醇提取物对鬼针草种子萌发、幼苗根长、苗高和萝卜根长具有化感抑制作用,对玉米、莴苣种子萌发、幼苗根长、苗高和萝卜种子萌发、苗高及莴苣幼苗根长表现为"低促高抑"现象。猪屎豆乙醇提取物的石油醚、正丁醇萃取物对玉米种子萌发、幼苗苗高具有化感抑制作用;而石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和水相萃取物对玉米幼苗根长生长均具有促进作用,乙酸乙酯和水相萃取物对玉米幼苗苗高具有促进作用。[结论]猪屎豆提取物对不同植物的种子萌发和幼苗生长均有不同程度的影响,具有一定的化感作用。
[Objective]The aim of this study was to explore the allelopathic effect of Crotalaria pallida Ait.[Method] The allelopathic effect of C. pallida extracts on corn,Raphanus sativus L.,lettuce and Bidens pilosa L.was evaluated by seed germination test(Dish-filter paper method).[Result] The ethanol extract of C. pallida had a allelopathic inhibition effect on the seed germination,root length and seedling height of Bidens pilosa L. and root length of Raphanus sativus L.. The allelopathic effect of the ethanol extract of C.pallida on indexes including seed germination,root length and seedling height of corn and lettuce,radish seed germination and seedling height,and the root length of lettuce showed the phenomenon of "low concentration-promotion and high concentration-inhibition". The petroleum ether and n-butanol extracts of C. pallida ethanol extract had allelopathic inhibition on corn seed germination and seedling height,and petroleum ether extract had allelopathic inhibition on corn seedling growth,while petroleum ether,ethyl acetate,n-butanol extracts and aqueous extracts promoted the growth of corn seedling roots. Ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts promoted the seedling height of corn. [Conclusion] The extract of C. pallida had different effects on seed germination and seedling growth of different plants,and it had a certain allelopathic effects.
[Objective]The aim of this study was to explore the allelopathic effect of Crotalaria pallida Ait.[Method] The allelopathic effect of C. pallida extracts on corn,Raphanus sativus L.,lettuce and Bidens pilosa L.was evaluated by seed germination test(Dish-filter paper method).[Result] The ethanol extract of C. pallida had a allelopathic inhibition effect on the seed germination,root length and seedling height of Bidens pilosa L. and root length of Raphanus sativus L.. The allelopathic effect of the ethanol extract of C.pallida on indexes including seed germination,root length and seedling height of corn and lettuce,radish seed germination and seedling height,and the root length of lettuce showed the phenomenon of "low concentration-promotion and high concentration-inhibition". The petroleum ether and n-butanol extracts of C. pallida ethanol extract had allelopathic inhibition on corn seed germination and seedling height,and petroleum ether extract had allelopathic inhibition on corn seedling growth,while petroleum ether,ethyl acetate,n-butanol extracts and aqueous extracts promoted the growth of corn seedling roots. Ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts promoted the seedling height of corn. [Conclusion] The extract of C. pallida had different effects on seed germination and seedling growth of different plants,and it had a certain allelopathic effects.
引文
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[12]李彦斌,刘建国,李凤,等.棉花植株水浸提液化感效应的研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2008(6):1489-1494.
[13]李军,王瑞龙.入侵植物肿柄菊叶片凋落物化感潜力的研究[J].生态科学,2015,34(6):100-104.
[2]闫小玲,刘全儒,寿海洋,等.中国外来入侵植物的等级划分与地理分布格局分析[J].生物多样性,2014,22(5):667-676.
[3]WANJALA C C W,MAJINDA R R T.Flavonoid glycosides from Crotalaria podocarpa[J].Phytochemistry,1999,51(5):705-707.
[4]FLOR ES A S,DE AZEVEDO T A M G,TR IGO J R.Pyrrolizidine alkaloid profiles in Crotalaria species from Brazil:Chemotaxonomic significance[J].Biochemical Systematics and Ecology,2009,37(4):459-469.
[5]KO H H.Anti-inflammatory flavonoids and pterocarpanoid from Crotalaria pallida and C.assamica[J].Bioorganic&Medicinal Chemistry Letters,2004,14(4):1011-1014.
[6]李德厚,汪汇海.滇南热区光萼猪屎豆的栽培及其利用研究[J].云南植物研究,1987(4):436-442.
[7]彭雪梅,刘金祥,陈兵.渝湛高速(广东段)边坡早期树林化试验分析[J].草业与畜牧,2006(12):19-22.
[8]邓辅唐,喻正富,杨自全,等.山毛豆、木豆、猪屎豆在高速公路边坡生态恢复工程中的应用[J].中国水土保持,2006(4):21-23,52.
[9]曾任森.化感作用研究中的生物测定方法综述[J].应用生态学报,1999,10(1):23-26.
[10]WILLIAMSON GB,R ICHAR DSON D.Bioassays for allelopathy:measuring treatment responses with independent controls[J].Journal of Chemical Ecology,1988,14(1):181-187.
[11]李晓娟.栗与美国板栗化感作用的比较研究[D].宁波:宁波大学,2013.
[12]李彦斌,刘建国,李凤,等.棉花植株水浸提液化感效应的研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2008(6):1489-1494.
[13]李军,王瑞龙.入侵植物肿柄菊叶片凋落物化感潜力的研究[J].生态科学,2015,34(6):100-104.