Relationship between heavy metals and dissolved organic matter released from sediment by bioturbation/bioirrigation
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摘要
Organic matter(OM) is an important component of sediment. Bioturbation/bioirrigation can remobilize OM and heavy metals that were previously buried in the sediment. The remobilization of buried organic matter, thallium(Tl), cadmium(Cd), copper(Cu) and zinc(Zn) from sediment was studied in a laboratory experiment with three organisms: tubificid,chironomid larvae and loach. Results showed that bioturbation/bioirrigation promoted the release of dissolved organic matter(DOM) and dissolved Tl, Cd, Cu and Zn, but only dissolved Zn concentrations decreased with exposure time in overlying water. The presence of organisms altered the compositions of DOM released from sediment,considerably increasing the percentage of fulvic acid-like materials(FA) and humic acidlike materials(HA). In addition, bioturbation/bioirrigation accelerated the growth and reproduction of bacteria to enhance the proportion of soluble microbial byproduct-like materials(SMP). The DOM was divided into five regions in the three-dimensional excitation emission matrix(3 D-EEM), and each part had different correlation with the dissolved heavy metal concentrations. Dissolved Cu had the best correlation with each of the DOM compositions, indicating that Cu in the sediment was in the organic-bound form.Furthermore, the organism type and heavy metal characteristics both played a role in influencing the remobilization of heavy metal.
Organic matter(OM) is an important component of sediment. Bioturbation/bioirrigation can remobilize OM and heavy metals that were previously buried in the sediment. The remobilization of buried organic matter, thallium(Tl), cadmium(Cd), copper(Cu) and zinc(Zn) from sediment was studied in a laboratory experiment with three organisms: tubificid,chironomid larvae and loach. Results showed that bioturbation/bioirrigation promoted the release of dissolved organic matter(DOM) and dissolved Tl, Cd, Cu and Zn, but only dissolved Zn concentrations decreased with exposure time in overlying water. The presence of organisms altered the compositions of DOM released from sediment,considerably increasing the percentage of fulvic acid-like materials(FA) and humic acidlike materials(HA). In addition, bioturbation/bioirrigation accelerated the growth and reproduction of bacteria to enhance the proportion of soluble microbial byproduct-like materials(SMP). The DOM was divided into five regions in the three-dimensional excitation emission matrix(3 D-EEM), and each part had different correlation with the dissolved heavy metal concentrations. Dissolved Cu had the best correlation with each of the DOM compositions, indicating that Cu in the sediment was in the organic-bound form.Furthermore, the organism type and heavy metal characteristics both played a role in influencing the remobilization of heavy metal.
Organic matter(OM) is an important component of sediment. Bioturbation/bioirrigation can remobilize OM and heavy metals that were previously buried in the sediment. The remobilization of buried organic matter, thallium(Tl), cadmium(Cd), copper(Cu) and zinc(Zn) from sediment was studied in a laboratory experiment with three organisms: tubificid,chironomid larvae and loach. Results showed that bioturbation/bioirrigation promoted the release of dissolved organic matter(DOM) and dissolved Tl, Cd, Cu and Zn, but only dissolved Zn concentrations decreased with exposure time in overlying water. The presence of organisms altered the compositions of DOM released from sediment,considerably increasing the percentage of fulvic acid-like materials(FA) and humic acidlike materials(HA). In addition, bioturbation/bioirrigation accelerated the growth and reproduction of bacteria to enhance the proportion of soluble microbial byproduct-like materials(SMP). The DOM was divided into five regions in the three-dimensional excitation emission matrix(3 D-EEM), and each part had different correlation with the dissolved heavy metal concentrations. Dissolved Cu had the best correlation with each of the DOM compositions, indicating that Cu in the sediment was in the organic-bound form.Furthermore, the organism type and heavy metal characteristics both played a role in influencing the remobilization of heavy metal.
引文
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Ciutat,A.,Weber,O.,Gerino,M.,Boudou,A.,2006.Stratigraphic effects of tubificids in freshwater sediments:a kinetic study based on X-ray images and grain-size analysis.Acta Oecol.30(2),228-237.
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Croot,P.L.,2003.Seasonal cycle of copper speciation in Gullmar Fjord,Sweden.Limnol.Oceanogr.48(2),764-776.
Dong,J.,Xia,X.,Wang,M.,Xie,H.,Wen,J.,Bao,Y.,2016.Effect of recurrent sediment resuspension-deposition events on bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in aquatic environments.J.Hydrol.540,934-946.
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Furrer,G.,Wehrli,B.,1993.Biogeochemical processes at the sediment water interface-measurements and modeling.2nd International Symp on Environmental Geochemistry.Environmental Geochemistry 2,pp.117-119.
Gessner,M.O.,Swan,C.M.,Dang,C.K.,McKie,B.G.,Bardgett,R.D.,Wall,D.H.,et al.,2010.Diversity meets decomposition.Trends Ecol.Evol.25(6),372-380.
Goldberg,E.D.,1954.Marine geochemistry.1.Chemical scavengers of the sea.J.Geol.62(3),249-265.
Graf,G.,Rosenberg,R.,1997.Bioresuspension and biodeposition:a review.J.Mar.Syst.11(3-4),269-278.
Gu,Z.,Wu,M.,Li,K.,Ning,P.,2013.Variation of heavy metal speciation during the pyrolysis of sediment collected from Dianchi Lake,China.Arab.J.Chem.10,S2196-S2204.
Hare,L.,Carignan,R.,Huertadiaz,M.A.,1994.A field study of metal toxicity and accumulation by benthic invertebrates;implications for the acid-volatile sulfide(AVS)model.Limnol.Oceanogr.39(7),1653-1668.
He,Y.,Men,B.,Yang,X.,Wang,D.,2015.Bioturbation/bioirrigation effect on thallium released from reservoir sediment by different organism types.Sci.Total Environ.532,617-624.
He,Y.,Men,B.,Yang,X.,Li,Y.,Xu,H.,Wang,D.,2017.Investigation of heavy metals release from sediment with bioturbation/bioirrigation.Chemosphere 184,235-243.
Henderson,R.K.,Baker,A.,Parsons,S.A.,Jefferson,B.,2008.Characterisation of algogenic organic matter extracted from cyanobacteria,green algae and diatoms.Water Res.42(13),3435-3445.
Hopkin,S.P.,1989.Ecophysiology of Metals in Terrestrial Invertebrates.Elsevier Applied Science Publishers.
Huerta-Diaz,M.A.,Tessier,A.,Carignan,R.,1998.Geochemistry of trace metals associated with reduced sulfur in freshwater sediments.Appl.Geochem.13(2),213-233.
Lagauzere,S.,Moreira,S.,Koschorreck,M.,2011.Influence of bioturbation on the biogeochemistry of littoral sediments of an acidic post-mining pit lake.Biogeosciences 8(2),339-352.
Lagauzere,S.,Motelica-Heino,M.,Viollier,E.,Stora,G.,Bonzom,J.M.,2014.Remobilisation of uranium from contaminated freshwater sediments by bioturbation.Biogeosciences 11(12),3381-3396.
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