试论北宋前期政治中的地域因素——以南人首相王钦若为例
|
摘要
北宋统一后,南北势力在宋初政治舞台上重新相遇,矛盾和冲突不断,地域特征成为北宋前期政治博弈中的一个重要因素。王钦若为相,是南北势力消长的标志性事件。通过对王钦若在朝野上下"南人不可为相"的地域偏见背景下的拜相之艰、位相期间遭遇皇帝不信、臣僚制约、政局不稳等诸多制约以及罢相身死之后为人所诟病三个方面的考察梳理,可以看出王钦若作为南人首相,对巩固和发展南方士人在朝实力、平衡宋廷南北势力以及推动道教发展和书籍编撰方面的贡献;史籍中对王钦若"奸臣"的评价显然含有一定的地域因素,证明地域因素在宋代政治中具有较大作用与影响。
After the unification of the Northern Song Dynasty,the North and South forces met again in the political arena of the early Song Dynasty. Contradictions and conflicts continued. Regional characteristics became an important factor in the politics of the early Song Dynasty.Through investigating Wang Qinruo's difficulties in worshiping in the regional prejudice of"the South can't be the prime minister",the difficulties of the emperor's disbelief,bureaucratic constraints,political instability during the prime minister's reign,and the criticism of people after his death,the author holds that as the Prime Minister of the south,Wang Qinruo had consolidated and developed the strength of the Southern scholars in the dynasty,balanced the forces between the north and the south of the Song Dynasty,and promoted the development of Taoism. They have contributed to the compilation of books. And the evaluation of Wang Qinruo's"treacherous minister"also contained certain regional factors,which seems unfair now.
After the unification of the Northern Song Dynasty,the North and South forces met again in the political arena of the early Song Dynasty. Contradictions and conflicts continued. Regional characteristics became an important factor in the politics of the early Song Dynasty.Through investigating Wang Qinruo's difficulties in worshiping in the regional prejudice of"the South can't be the prime minister",the difficulties of the emperor's disbelief,bureaucratic constraints,political instability during the prime minister's reign,and the criticism of people after his death,the author holds that as the Prime Minister of the south,Wang Qinruo had consolidated and developed the strength of the Southern scholars in the dynasty,balanced the forces between the north and the south of the Song Dynasty,and promoted the development of Taoism. They have contributed to the compilation of books. And the evaluation of Wang Qinruo's"treacherous minister"also contained certain regional factors,which seems unfair now.
引文
[1][元]脱脱,等,撰.宋史[M].北京:中华书局,1977.
[2]吴晓萍.“瘿相:王钦若[J].文史知识,1998(12):87-91.
[3]王智勇.论宋真宗朝“五鬼”[J].四川大学学报,2002(1):107-116.
[4]来新夏.王钦若与《册府元龟》[N].光明日报,2002-01-22.
[5]黄长椿.王钦若与道教[J].江西社会科学,1994(5):59-61.
[6]程民生.宋代地域文化[M].郑州:河南大学出版社,1997.
[7][宋]邵伯温.邵氏闻见录[M].李剑雄,刘德权,点校.北京:中华书局,1983.
[8][宋]赵彦卫.云麓漫钞[M].傅根清,点校.北京:中华书局,1996.
[9]黄健.“南人不可为相”小议[J].湖北广播电视大学学报,2016(4).
[10][宋]李焘.续资治通鉴长编[M].北京:中华书局,1995.
[11][宋]朱弁.曲洧旧闻[M].孔凡礼,点校.北京:中华书局,2002.
[12][宋]吕中.类编皇朝大事记讲义[M].张其凡,白晓霞,整理.上海:上海人民出版社,2014.
[13]宋大诏令集[M]司义祖,整理.北京:中华书局,1962.
[14]虞云国.细说宋朝[M].上海:上海人民出版社,2002.
[15]王瑞来,校证.隆平集校证[M].北京:中华书局,2012.
[16][宋]陈师道.后山谈丛[M].李伟国,校点.上海:上海古籍出版社,2012.
[2]吴晓萍.“瘿相:王钦若[J].文史知识,1998(12):87-91.
[3]王智勇.论宋真宗朝“五鬼”[J].四川大学学报,2002(1):107-116.
[4]来新夏.王钦若与《册府元龟》[N].光明日报,2002-01-22.
[5]黄长椿.王钦若与道教[J].江西社会科学,1994(5):59-61.
[6]程民生.宋代地域文化[M].郑州:河南大学出版社,1997.
[7][宋]邵伯温.邵氏闻见录[M].李剑雄,刘德权,点校.北京:中华书局,1983.
[8][宋]赵彦卫.云麓漫钞[M].傅根清,点校.北京:中华书局,1996.
[9]黄健.“南人不可为相”小议[J].湖北广播电视大学学报,2016(4).
[10][宋]李焘.续资治通鉴长编[M].北京:中华书局,1995.
[11][宋]朱弁.曲洧旧闻[M].孔凡礼,点校.北京:中华书局,2002.
[12][宋]吕中.类编皇朝大事记讲义[M].张其凡,白晓霞,整理.上海:上海人民出版社,2014.
[13]宋大诏令集[M]司义祖,整理.北京:中华书局,1962.
[14]虞云国.细说宋朝[M].上海:上海人民出版社,2002.
[15]王瑞来,校证.隆平集校证[M].北京:中华书局,2012.
[16][宋]陈师道.后山谈丛[M].李伟国,校点.上海:上海古籍出版社,2012.