铁路货运装备新型外包保温加热系统综合性能研究
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摘要
目的提出一种新型外包保温加热系统,并检测其综合性能。方法将冷链物流作为切入点,提出一种新型保温加热系统,结合传热学基础理论,从物理性能分析、工艺性能实践、综合性能检测、应用性能验证等不同角度,详细阐述新型保温系统的综合性能。结果新型外包保温绝热材料达到热动平衡后,漏热率与温差关系曲线相对稳定,无大的波动点;同时与之相搭配的新型加热系统柴油消耗量由19.3 L/h降低至17.2 L/h,平均加热时长减少了1 h。结论新型外包保温加热系统的加热效率得到了很大的提升,并且进一步减少了热能损失,同时加快了装卸效率。
The paper aims to propose a new external thermal insulation heating system and explore its comprehensive performance. With the cold chain logistics as the breakthrough point, a new thermal insulation heating system was proposed to elaborate the comprehensive performance of the new thermal insulation heating system from physical performance analysis, process performance practice, comprehensive performance testing, application performance verification and other aspects in combination with the basic theory of heat transfer. After the thermal-dynamic balance of the new thermal insulation material was achieved, the relationship curve between heat leakage rate and temperature difference was relatively stable and had no big fluctuation point. At the same time, the diesel consumption of the new heating system was reduced from 19.3 L/h to 17.2 L/h, and the average heating time was reduced by 1 h. The heating efficiency of the new external thermal insulation heating system is greatly improved, and the heat loss is further reduced, while the loading and unloading efficiency is accelerated.
The paper aims to propose a new external thermal insulation heating system and explore its comprehensive performance. With the cold chain logistics as the breakthrough point, a new thermal insulation heating system was proposed to elaborate the comprehensive performance of the new thermal insulation heating system from physical performance analysis, process performance practice, comprehensive performance testing, application performance verification and other aspects in combination with the basic theory of heat transfer. After the thermal-dynamic balance of the new thermal insulation material was achieved, the relationship curve between heat leakage rate and temperature difference was relatively stable and had no big fluctuation point. At the same time, the diesel consumption of the new heating system was reduced from 19.3 L/h to 17.2 L/h, and the average heating time was reduced by 1 h. The heating efficiency of the new external thermal insulation heating system is greatly improved, and the heat loss is further reduced, while the loading and unloading efficiency is accelerated.
引文
[1]中国物流与采购联合会,冷链物流专业委员会.中国冷链物流发展报告[R].2015.China Federation of Logistics and Procurement,Professional Committee of Cold Chain Logistics.China Cold Chain Logistics Development Report[R].2015.
[2]XIA Cao,LJAMES Lee,TOMY Widya,et al.Polyurethane/Clay Nanocomposites Foams:Processing,Structure and Properties[J].Polymer,2005,46:775-783.
[3]徐培林,张舒琴.聚氨酯材料手册[K].北京:化学工业出版社,2002.XU Pei-lin,ZHANG Shu-qin.Handbook of Polyurethane Materials[K].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2002.
[4]GB/T 17430-1998,绝热材料最高使用温度的评估方法[S].GB/T 17430-1998,Method for Evaluating the Maximum Service Temperature of Insulating Materials[S].
[5]GB/T 16400-2003,绝热用硅酸铝棉及其制品[S].GB/T 16400-2003,Aluminum Silicate Cotton for Insulation and Its Products[S].
[6]SCHLICHTING H.Boundary Layer Theory[M].7th ed.New York:McGraw-Hill Book Company,1979.
[7]INCROPERA F P,DEWITT D P.Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer[M].5th ed.New York:John Wiley&Sons,2002.
[8]GB/T 7392-1998,货物集装箱系列1标准中第2部分-保温集装箱技术条件和试验方法[S].GB/T 7392-1998,Part 2 of Standard 1 of Freight Container Series:Technical Conditions and Test Methods for Thermal Insulation Containers[S].
[9]杨世铭,陶文铨.传热学[M].第4版.北京:高等教育出版社,2006.YANG Shi-ming,TAO Wen-quan.Heat Transfer[M].4th Edition.Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006.
[10]运辆货车函[2014]458号文件,铁路快运车辆载货标准空间尺寸及集装器具第1部分-形式及轮廓尺寸[S].Document No.458,Transport Vehicle Letter[2014],Standard Spatial Dimensions and Containers for Railway Express Vehicles Part 1-Form and Contour Dimensions[S].
[11]ASTM C411-2005,Standard Test Method for HotSurface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal Insulation[S].
[12]ISO 8142-1990,Thermal Insulation-bonded Preformed Man-made Mineral Fibre Pipe Sections-specification[S].
[13]BS EN 14706-2005,Thermal Insulation Products for Building Equipment and Industrial Installations-Determination of Maximum Service Temperature[S].
[14]BS EN 14707-2005,Thermal Insulating Products for Building Equipment and Industrial Installations-Determination of Maximum Service Temperature for Preformed Pipe Insulation[S].
[15]杨涛,贾志绚,连晋毅,等.一种提高沥青温度均化方法的仿真与试验研究[J].太原科技大学学报,2017,38(2):116-119.YANG Tao,JIA Zhi-xuan,LIAN Jin-yi,et al.Simlllation and Experimental Study of a Method of Improving Asphalt Temperature Homogellization.Journal oFTaiyuan University of Science and Technology,2017,38(2):116-119.
[16]化学工程手册[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1989.Chemical Engineering Manual[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,1989.
[2]XIA Cao,LJAMES Lee,TOMY Widya,et al.Polyurethane/Clay Nanocomposites Foams:Processing,Structure and Properties[J].Polymer,2005,46:775-783.
[3]徐培林,张舒琴.聚氨酯材料手册[K].北京:化学工业出版社,2002.XU Pei-lin,ZHANG Shu-qin.Handbook of Polyurethane Materials[K].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2002.
[4]GB/T 17430-1998,绝热材料最高使用温度的评估方法[S].GB/T 17430-1998,Method for Evaluating the Maximum Service Temperature of Insulating Materials[S].
[5]GB/T 16400-2003,绝热用硅酸铝棉及其制品[S].GB/T 16400-2003,Aluminum Silicate Cotton for Insulation and Its Products[S].
[6]SCHLICHTING H.Boundary Layer Theory[M].7th ed.New York:McGraw-Hill Book Company,1979.
[7]INCROPERA F P,DEWITT D P.Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer[M].5th ed.New York:John Wiley&Sons,2002.
[8]GB/T 7392-1998,货物集装箱系列1标准中第2部分-保温集装箱技术条件和试验方法[S].GB/T 7392-1998,Part 2 of Standard 1 of Freight Container Series:Technical Conditions and Test Methods for Thermal Insulation Containers[S].
[9]杨世铭,陶文铨.传热学[M].第4版.北京:高等教育出版社,2006.YANG Shi-ming,TAO Wen-quan.Heat Transfer[M].4th Edition.Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006.
[10]运辆货车函[2014]458号文件,铁路快运车辆载货标准空间尺寸及集装器具第1部分-形式及轮廓尺寸[S].Document No.458,Transport Vehicle Letter[2014],Standard Spatial Dimensions and Containers for Railway Express Vehicles Part 1-Form and Contour Dimensions[S].
[11]ASTM C411-2005,Standard Test Method for HotSurface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal Insulation[S].
[12]ISO 8142-1990,Thermal Insulation-bonded Preformed Man-made Mineral Fibre Pipe Sections-specification[S].
[13]BS EN 14706-2005,Thermal Insulation Products for Building Equipment and Industrial Installations-Determination of Maximum Service Temperature[S].
[14]BS EN 14707-2005,Thermal Insulating Products for Building Equipment and Industrial Installations-Determination of Maximum Service Temperature for Preformed Pipe Insulation[S].
[15]杨涛,贾志绚,连晋毅,等.一种提高沥青温度均化方法的仿真与试验研究[J].太原科技大学学报,2017,38(2):116-119.YANG Tao,JIA Zhi-xuan,LIAN Jin-yi,et al.Simlllation and Experimental Study of a Method of Improving Asphalt Temperature Homogellization.Journal oFTaiyuan University of Science and Technology,2017,38(2):116-119.
[16]化学工程手册[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1989.Chemical Engineering Manual[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,1989.