电石渣脱硫废水COD处理实验研究
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摘要
电石渣可作为脱硫剂,代替石灰石应用到湿法烟气脱硫系统中,但其化学需氧量(COD)超标问题亟待解决。本文利用自制曝气氧化装置研究曝气量、pH值、氧化剂对电石渣脱硫浆液中COD去除率的影响,并采用响应曲面法做正交分析。研究表明:电石渣脱硫废水的COD去除率随着曝气量的增加(2~10 L/min)呈现出先增大后减小的趋势,随着pH值的升高(3.0~8.5)而降低;添加氧化剂有助于电石渣脱硫废水中COD的去除,其效果依次为高锰酸钾>次氯酸钙>过氧化氢>高氯酸钾;在正交试验中,其中各单因素的影响显著程度依次为次氯酸钙添加量>p H值>曝气量;经验证,最优化条件为pH=3.5,曝气量=7.86 L/min,次氯酸钙氧当量/COD=3.0,此时可得到最大脱硫废水COD去除率为95.89%。
Carbide slag can be used as desulfurizer in wet flue gas desulfurization system instead of limestone, but its chemical oxygen demand(COD) is an urgent problem to be solved. In this paper, a self-made aeration oxidation device was employed to study the effects of aeration rate, p H value and oxidant on removal rate of the COD in waste water of carbide slag desulfurization, and response surface method was used to carry out orthogonal analysis. The results show that, the removal rate of COD in the desulfurization wastewater of the carbide slag increased firstly and then decreased with the increasing aeration amount(2~10 L/min), while it dropped with the increasing p H value(3.0~8.5). The addition of oxidants was beneficial to the removal of COD, and the order of the oxidants' COD removal effect(from great to little) was potassium permanganate, calcium hypochlorite. hydrogen peroxide, potassium and chlorate. In the orthogonal test, the order of the effect of each single factor(from great to little) was the addition amount of calcium hypochlorite, aeration rate and p H value. The optimum conditions were as follows: p H=3.5, aeration rate=7.86 L/min, ratio of calcium hypochlorite equivalent to COD content =3.0, under this condition, the maximum COD removal rate of the desulfurization wastewater can reach up to 95.89%.
Carbide slag can be used as desulfurizer in wet flue gas desulfurization system instead of limestone, but its chemical oxygen demand(COD) is an urgent problem to be solved. In this paper, a self-made aeration oxidation device was employed to study the effects of aeration rate, p H value and oxidant on removal rate of the COD in waste water of carbide slag desulfurization, and response surface method was used to carry out orthogonal analysis. The results show that, the removal rate of COD in the desulfurization wastewater of the carbide slag increased firstly and then decreased with the increasing aeration amount(2~10 L/min), while it dropped with the increasing p H value(3.0~8.5). The addition of oxidants was beneficial to the removal of COD, and the order of the oxidants' COD removal effect(from great to little) was potassium permanganate, calcium hypochlorite. hydrogen peroxide, potassium and chlorate. In the orthogonal test, the order of the effect of each single factor(from great to little) was the addition amount of calcium hypochlorite, aeration rate and p H value. The optimum conditions were as follows: p H=3.5, aeration rate=7.86 L/min, ratio of calcium hypochlorite equivalent to COD content =3.0, under this condition, the maximum COD removal rate of the desulfurization wastewater can reach up to 95.89%.
引文
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[2]朱桂燕,王靖飞,李洪波,等.厌氧颗粒污泥膨胀床(EGSB)反应器处理高硫酸盐有机废水的厌氧生物脱硫试验[J].环境化学,2011,30(6):1175-1179.ZHU Guiyan,WANG Jingfei,LI Hongbo,et al.Experiment study on anaerobic biodesulfurization in EGSB treating high-sulfate organic wastewater[J].Environmental Chemistry,2011,30(6):1175-1179.
[3]莫建松,夏纯洁,周觅,等.电石渣-石膏湿法烟气脱硫废水处理工艺研究[J].环境工程,2012,30(2):168-170.MO Jiansong,XIA Chunjie,ZHOU Mi,et al.Study on the treatment process of wastewater from carbide slaggypsum wet flue gas desulfurization process[J].Environmental Engineering,2012,30(2):168-170.
[4]马双忱,于伟静,贾绍广,等.燃煤电厂脱硫废水处理技术研究与应用进展[J].化工进展,2016,35(1):255-262.MA Shuangchen,YU Weijing,JIA Shaoguang,et al.Research and application progresses of flue gas desulfurization(FGD)wastewater treatment technologies in coal-fired plants[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2016,35(1):255-262.
[5]康勇,鲁佳,郭婧.燃煤锅炉烟气脱硫废水一步法处理工艺试验研究[J].热力发电,2015,44(6):58-62.KANG Yong,LU Jia,GUO Jing.Experimental study on FGD wastewater treatment by one-step process[J].Thermal Power Generation,2015,44(6):58-62.
[6]李瑞瑞,姜琪,余耀宏,等.臭氧-生物活性炭工艺去除工业废水中难降解有机物的试验[J].热力发电,2016,45(1):99-104.LI Ruirui,JIANG Qi,YU Yaohong,et al.Experimental research on removing refractory organics from industrial waste water with ozone-BAC processes[J].Thermal Power Generation,2016,45(1):99-104.
[7]李亚娟,申建汛,武忠全,等.火电厂循环水排污水纳滤处理试验[J].热力发电,2016,45(12):137-142.LI Yajuan,SHEN Jianxun,WU Zhongquan,et al.Experimental study on circulating water treatment in coal-fired power plants using Nanofiltration process[J].Thermal Power Generation,2016,45(12):137-142.
[8]赵毅,汪黎东,王小明,等.烟气脱硫产物-亚硫酸钙非催化氧化的宏观反应动力学研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(8):116-120.ZHAO Yi,WANG Lidong,WANG Xiaoming,et al.Study on the macroscopical uncatalyzed oxidation kinetics of desulfurization residual product-calcium sulfite[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(8):116-120.
[9]陈金楠,李倩倩,武利,等.Box-Behnken响应曲面法优化耐盐复合菌剂的脱氮条件[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(9):4933-4939.CHEN Jinnan,LI Qianqian,WU Li,et al.Optimization on conditions for nitrogen removal of halophilic complex microbial inoculants using Box-Behnken response surface methodology[J].Techniques and Equipment for Environmental Pollution Control,2016,10(9):4933-4939.
[10]邵瑞华,房平,林怡汝.泥质活性炭对含磷废水的处理研究[J].安全与环境学报,2016,16(2):267-273.SHAO Ruihua,FANG Ping,LIN Yiru.On the treatment of the phosphorus wastewater by using the sewage sludge-based activated carbon[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2016,16(2):267-273.
[11]李亚林,刘蕾,魏添,等.电渗透污泥脱水的影响因素分析及响应曲面优化[J].应用化工,2017,46(1):137-142.LI Yalin,LIU Lei,WEI Tian,et al.Analysis on influencing factors of electro-osmotic sludge dewatering and optimization by response surface methodology[J].Applied Chemical Industry,2017,46(1):137-142.
[12]王勇,李伟光,宿程远,等.响应曲面法优化均相Fenton深度处理皮革废水[J].环境科学学报,2012,32(10):2408-2414.WANG Yong,LI Weiguang,SU Chengyuan,et al.Optimization on homogeneous Fenton advanced treatment of tannery wastewater using response surface methodology[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2012,32(10):2408-2414.
[13]宿程远,李伟光,王勇,等.Box-Behnken响应曲面优化铁炭微电解降解结晶紫[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(1):7-13.SU Chengyuan,LI Weiguang,WANG Yong,et al.Process optimization for degradation of crystal violet by ferric-carbon micro-electrolysis using Box-Behnken response surface methodology[J].Techniques and Equipment for Environmental Pollution Control,2013,7(1):7-13.
[14]郑君瑜,付飞,李志成,等.基于CMAQ模型的随机响应曲面不确定性传递分析方法实现与评价[J].环境科学学报,2012,32(6):1289-1298.ZHENG Junyu,FU Fei,LI Zhicheng,et al.Implementation and evaluation of uncertainty propagation using stochastic response surface method based on the CMAQmodel[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2012,32(6):1289-1298.
[15]徐向宏,何明珠.试验设计与design-expert、spss应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2010:155-156.XU Xianghong,HE Mingzhu.Experimental design and design-expert,spss applications[M].Beijing:Science Press,2010:155-156(in Chinese).