专用取套工具弧形扶正块参数优化设计
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摘要
斜井取套施工中,为防止套管与套铣管柱内壁发生磨损,所使用的套铣头内壁安装有滚珠式凸形扶正块,但该设计不仅存在滚珠失效而无法滚动的风险,更为严重的是在点接触形式下往往产生较大的接触应力,使得套管极有可能发生塑性破坏,这2种因素驱使下极易切坏套管导致取套施工失败。本着改变扶正块与套管接触形式的目的,在轴套式套铣头改进方案的基础上,提出了弧形扶正块的设计构想,基于两者接触时的力学条件及几何关系,实现了扶正块最小宽度及最小个数的参数优化,从提高修井液流速的角度实现了高度与宽度的匹配,从而减小两者间的接触应力,为安全取套施工的顺利进行提供保障。
For centering casings in washover string,the washover shoes collocate rolling balls on their inner wall in the process of extracting casing in deviated well. But there may exist a risk of balls' failure that will lead casing worn out. More seriously,a large contact stress generated by point contact may cause casing's failure. The above factors might result in failure of extracting casing. For changing the contact form between centralizing-block and casing,on the basis of shaft sleeve,this paper proposed the design of the curved centralizing-block. By considering spatial geometrical relations when they contact each other,the authors optimized the minimum width and minimal number of blocks,thus reducing contact stress for the process of extracting tools. All this have guaranteed the smooth construction of extracting casing in deviated well.
For centering casings in washover string,the washover shoes collocate rolling balls on their inner wall in the process of extracting casing in deviated well. But there may exist a risk of balls' failure that will lead casing worn out. More seriously,a large contact stress generated by point contact may cause casing's failure. The above factors might result in failure of extracting casing. For changing the contact form between centralizing-block and casing,on the basis of shaft sleeve,this paper proposed the design of the curved centralizing-block. By considering spatial geometrical relations when they contact each other,the authors optimized the minimum width and minimal number of blocks,thus reducing contact stress for the process of extracting tools. All this have guaranteed the smooth construction of extracting casing in deviated well.
引文
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[2]史晓东.油井取套过程套铣筒力学分析及摩阻力计算[D].大庆:大庆石油学院,2009.
[3]王洪英,周庆刚,奚广春.大庆地区深部取套修井技术的应用[J].石油钻采工艺,2000(5):31-33,84.Wang Hongying,Zhou Qinggang,Xi Guangchun.Application of indepth casing pulling workover technology in Daqing area[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2000(5):31-33,84.
[4]陈民,朱大力,张广明.深部取套技术的应用与发展[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001(3):58-59,63-78.Chen Min,Zhu Dali,Zhang Guangming.Application and development of deep casing taking technique[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing.2001(3):58-59,63-78.
[5]金岩松,刘合.几种高难套损井的套损形态及修井工艺[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2004(1):46-47,55-77.Jin Yansong,Liu He.Casing shapes and its workover technique for casing damage wells[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2004(1):46-47,55-77.
[6]吴玉禄,王震宇.套铣打捞新技术的研究及应用[J].石油钻探技术,2002(5):33-34.Wu Yulu,Wang Zhenyu.Research and application of new milling&drilling techniques[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2002(5):33-34.
[7]王涛,张相生,刘利.高效铣削式套铣头的研究与应用[J].油气井测试,2003(4):58-59,77.Wang Tao,Zhang Xiangsheng,Liu Li.Research and application of high efficiency lolling washover head[J].Well Testing,2003(4):58-59,77.
[8]曲兆峰,何秀清,张国良.大庆油田油层部位套损井取换套技术研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2007(5):84-86,90.Qu Zhaofeng,He Xiuqing,Zhang Guoliang.Research on removal and change of casing in oil layer section for casing damage wells in Daqing oilfield[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2007(5):84-86,90.
[9]Huang Linggang,Li Guang,Zhou Zhenyu,et al.Change practice of the corroded casing pipes in offshore oilfield[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2012(34):121-124.
[10]于法浩,于振宁,魏婷,等.定向井取套变向短节弯曲角度设计[J].石油机械,2015(11):59-63.Yu Fahao,Yu Zhenning,Wei Ting,et al.Bending angle design of the variable direction joint for directional well casing recovery[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2015(11):59-63.
[11]张永.侧斜井浅气区取套技术的研究与应用[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014.
[12]阎铁,龙安厚,毕雪亮.取换套修井管柱防卡力学分析与计算[J].力学与实践,2004(4):44-47.Yan Tie,Long Anhou,Bi Xueliang.The mechanical analysis on preventing milled sleeve from sticking in repairing well[J].Mechanics in Engineering,2004(4):44-47.
[13]赵霄峰,武东鑫,宋来华.复合套铣打捞筒的研制与应用[J].断块油气田,2002(1):76-77,86.Zhao Xiaofeng,Wu Dongxin,Song Laihua.Development and application of composite washover and fishing cylinder[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2002(1):76-77,86.
[14]David Haughton,Joe P.De Geare,Mark Mc Gurk.The guide to oil well fishing operations[M].United Kingdom:Gulf Publishing,2003.
[15]谭丽辉,徐涛,张炜,等.带有圆弧形凸槽金属薄壁圆管抗撞性优化设计[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(21):80-84.Tan Lihui,Xu Tao,Zhang Wei,et al.Crashworthiness optimization design for a metal thin-walled tube with convex grooves[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2013,32(21):80-84.