基于旋转侵入理论的牙轮钻头钻速模型
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摘要
针对旋转钻井牙轮钻头对井底岩石垂向压入和水平刮切联合作用的特点,基于牙轮钻头旋转侵入理论,建立了机械钻速预测模型,并通过室内实验确定了楔形齿纯滚动多齿联合作用对破岩效果的综合影响系数,机械钻速预测平均误差为4.1%。研究认为,考虑钻头旋转引起的水平刮切力时,侵入深度比只考虑垂向压入时有所增加;摩擦系数和刃尖角较小时两者相差不大,随着摩擦系数和刃尖角的增大,两者的相对差值越来越大,摩擦系数和刃尖角较大时钻头旋转引起的水平刮切作用对机械钻速的影响不容忽视。
The roller bit acts on the bottom hole rock jointly by a vertical indentation and a level shave shear during the rotary drilling. For its analysis, this paper establishes a prediction model for the rate of penetration based on the revolving indentation theory of the roller bit, and through the laboratory tests, obtains the influence coefficient for rock breaking caused by the chisel teeth true rolling pluridentate linkage. The prediction error for the rate of penetration is 4.1% in average. The model provides a theoretical basis for the accurate prediction of the rate of penetration of the roller bit in the rotary drilling. It is concluded that, taking the level shave shear force into consideration, the intrusive depth of the roller bit is increased as compared with the case of only vertical pressing.The difference is smaller for the case of small frictional coefficient and cutting tip angle. However, it becomes greater with the increase of the frictional coefficient and cutting tip angle, so the effect of the horizontal scrapping cannot be ignored.
The roller bit acts on the bottom hole rock jointly by a vertical indentation and a level shave shear during the rotary drilling. For its analysis, this paper establishes a prediction model for the rate of penetration based on the revolving indentation theory of the roller bit, and through the laboratory tests, obtains the influence coefficient for rock breaking caused by the chisel teeth true rolling pluridentate linkage. The prediction error for the rate of penetration is 4.1% in average. The model provides a theoretical basis for the accurate prediction of the rate of penetration of the roller bit in the rotary drilling. It is concluded that, taking the level shave shear force into consideration, the intrusive depth of the roller bit is increased as compared with the case of only vertical pressing.The difference is smaller for the case of small frictional coefficient and cutting tip angle. However, it becomes greater with the increase of the frictional coefficient and cutting tip angle, so the effect of the horizontal scrapping cannot be ignored.
引文
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[2]Warren T M,Smith M B.Bottom hole stress factors affecting drillingrate at depth[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1985,37(8):1523-1533.
[3]石祥超,万尚贤,孟英峰,等.气体钻井钻速方程的建立与验证[J].天然气工业,2010,30(11):56-58.Shi Xiangchao,Wan Shangxian,Meng Yingfeng,et al.Establishmentand verification of the gas drilling ROP equation[J].Natural GasIndustry,2010,30(11):56-58.
[4]李昌盛.基于多元回归分析的钻速预测方法研究[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(7):1740-1743.Li Changsheng.Study of method for predict rate of penetration based ofmultiple regression analysis[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2013,13(7):1740-1743.
[5]杨谋,孟英峰,李皋,等.地层渗透性对岩石强度及机械钻速影响因素分析[J].地质科技情报,2011,30(3):127-131.Yang Mou,Meng Yingfeng,Li Gao,et al.Analysis of formationpermeability to the influence factors of rock strength and rate ofpenetration[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2011,30(3):127-131.
[6]景宁,樊洪海,纪荣艺,等.基于数据挖掘技术的深井钻速预测方法研究[J].石油机械,2012,40(7):17-20.Jing Ning,Fan Honghai,Ji Rongyi,et al.Data mining technology-based research on the prediction method of deep well ROP[J].ChinaPetroleum Machinery,2012,40(7):17-20.
[7]林元华,施太和,梁政,等.冲旋钻井机械钻速仿真研究[J].石油学报,2004,25(5):88-92.Lin Yuanhua,Shi Taihe,Liang Zheng,et al.Simulation of penetrationrate of air percussion drilling bit[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2004,25(5):88-92.
[8]况雨春,伍开松,杨迎新,等.三牙轮钻头破岩过程计算机仿真模型[J].岩土力学,2009,30(增1):235-238.Kuang Yuchun,Wu Kaisong,Yang Yingxin,et al.Simulation model ofdrilling process of three-cone bit[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(Suppl 1):235-238.
[9]邓嵘,唐东,安美,等.单牙轮钻头钻进过程的计算机仿真[J].石油机械,2014,42(8):45-48.Deng Rong,Tang Dong,An Mei,et al.Simulation of single-cone bitdrilling process[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2014,42(8):45-48.
[10]李玮,郑浩然,开月,等.基于单齿侵入理论的牙轮钻头钻速方程[J].东北石油大学学报,2013,37(1):85-89.Li Wei,Zheng Haoran,Kai Yue,et al.Drilling rate equation of conebit basied on single tooth intrusive theory[J].Journal of NortheastPetroleum University,2013,37(1):85-89.
[11]李玮,李亚楠,陈世春,等.井底牙轮钻头的钻速方程及现场应用[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2013,37(3):74-77.Li Wei,Li Yanan,Chen Shichun,et al.Drilling rate model of cone bitin bottom hole and field application[J].Journal of China University ofPetroleum:Nature Science Edition,2013,37(3):74-77.
[12]李玮,许兴华,闫铁,等.欠平衡下牙轮钻头牙齿侵人系数及钻速研究[J].西南石油大李学报:自然科学版,2013,35(3):168-172.Li Wei,Xu Xinghua,Yan Tie,et al.Study on the tooth invasioncoefficient of cone bit and penetration rate in under-balance drilling[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University:Science&TechnologyEdition,2013,35(3):168-172.
[13]郑德帅,高德利,冯江鹏.实钻条件下井底岩石可钻性预测模型研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(3):859-863.Zheng Deshuai,Gao De1i,Feng Jiangpeng.A model for downholerock drillability prediction under real drilling condition[J].Rock andSoil Mechanics,2012,33(3):859-863.