黔西南盘县火烧铺和金佳矿区晚二叠世煤中伴生元素的地球化学特征
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摘要
以黔西南火烧铺煤矿(3号,7号,12号,17号)和金佳煤矿(3号,9号)煤层为研究对象,使用X射线荧光光谱(XRF)、电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)、X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜-能谱仪(SEM-EDS)等对煤中常量和微量元素(含REY)进行定性和定量分析。系统研究了煤中伴生元素尤其是Si,Al,As等富集元素的含量分布、赋存状态和富集机理。结果显示,火烧铺和金佳矿煤中Si,Al,Ca,Mg,P,Ti常量元素和As,Co,Cu,Pb微量元素的含量明显高于中国煤均值;峨眉山玄武岩浆和热液流体岩脉是该地区煤中As的主要富集来源。
The samples were collected from the Huoshaopu Mine( Nos. 3,7,12,17) and Jinjia Mine( Nos. 3,9). The major elements and trace elements in these coals were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry( ICP-MS),X-ray fluorescence spectrometric( XRF) technique,scanning electron microscope in conjunction with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer( SEM-EDX) and X-ray powder diffraction( XRD),respectively. The contents,occurrence modes,and enrichment mechanism of coal-associated elements,especially Si,Al and As with elevated concentrations,were studied in detail. The results indicate that the contents of Si,Al,Ca,Mg,P,Ti,and As,Co,Cu,Pb in Huoshaopu and Jinjia coals,are higher than their average contents in coals from China and overseas. Emei Mountain basalt magma and hydrothermal fluid vein are the sources of high arsenic in coals in this region.
The samples were collected from the Huoshaopu Mine( Nos. 3,7,12,17) and Jinjia Mine( Nos. 3,9). The major elements and trace elements in these coals were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry( ICP-MS),X-ray fluorescence spectrometric( XRF) technique,scanning electron microscope in conjunction with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer( SEM-EDX) and X-ray powder diffraction( XRD),respectively. The contents,occurrence modes,and enrichment mechanism of coal-associated elements,especially Si,Al and As with elevated concentrations,were studied in detail. The results indicate that the contents of Si,Al,Ca,Mg,P,Ti,and As,Co,Cu,Pb in Huoshaopu and Jinjia coals,are higher than their average contents in coals from China and overseas. Emei Mountain basalt magma and hydrothermal fluid vein are the sources of high arsenic in coals in this region.
引文
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[11]Feng X,Hong Y,Hong B,et al.Mobility of some potentially toxic trace elements in the coal of Guizhou,China[J].Environmental Geology,2000(6):372-377.
[12]王强,杨瑞东,鲍淼,等.毕节煤矿区晚二叠世煤层稀土元素的物质来源[J].贵州地质,2006,23(4):292-295.Wang Qiang,Yang Ruidong,Bao Miao,et al.Substance sources of rare earth elements in Late Permian coal seams on coal mines in Bijie[J].Guizhou Geology,2006,23(4):292-295.
[13]王强,杨瑞东.毕节地区晚二叠世煤层稀土元素的示踪研究[J].中国稀土学报,2008,26(1):102-107.Wang Qiang,Yang Ruidong.Tracing study on REEs of coal measure in Late Permian in Bijie City,Guizhou Province,China[J].Journal of the Chinese Rare Earth Society,2008,26(1):102-107.
[14]邵龙义,王娟,侯海海,等.云南宣威晚二叠世末生物灭绝期C1煤的地球化学特征[J].地质学报,2015,89(1):163-179.Shao Longyi,Wang Juan,Hou Haihai,et al.Geochemistry of the C1coal of latest Permian during mass extinction in Xuanwei,Yunnan[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2015,89(1):163-179.
[15]赵福平.贵州省晚二叠世煤中硫的分布特征及成因[J].煤炭转化,2007,30(3):16-20.Zhao Fuping.Cause and distribution of sulphurous content of the Late Permian coal in Guizhou Province[J].Coal Conversion,2007,30(3):16-20.
[16]Dai Shifeng,Ren Deyi,Chou C L,et al.Geochemistry of trace elements in Chinese coals:A review of abundances,genetic types,impacts on human health,and industrial utilization[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2012,94(1):3-21.
[17]Taylor S R,Mc Lennan S M.The continental crust:Its composition and evolution[M].Oxford:Blackwell,1985.
[18]杨永宽,邹韧,史仲武,等.中国煤岩学图鉴[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1996:38-40.
[19]Ketris M P,Yudovich Y E.Estimations of clarkes for carbonaceous biolithes:World averages for trace element contents in black shales and coals[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2009,78:135-148.
[20]唐修义,黄文辉.中国煤中微量元素[M].北京:商务印书馆,2004:1-139.
[21]任德贻,赵峰华,代世峰,等.煤的微量元素地球化学[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
[22]Filippidis,Geograkoulos A,Kassoli-Fournarak.Trace element contents in composited samples of three lignite seams from the central part of the Drama lignite deposit,Macedonia,Greece[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,1996,29(4):219-234.
[23]Ren Deyi,Zhao Fenghua,Wang Yunquan,et al.Distributions of minor and trace elements in Chinese coals[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,1999,40:109-118.
[24]Dai Shifeng,Seredin V V,Ward C R,et al.Enrichment of USe-Mo-Re-V in coals preserved within marine carbonate successions:Geochemical and mineralogical data from the Late Permian Guiding Coalfield,Guizhou,China[J].Mineralium Deposita,2014,50(2):159-186.
[25]Xie Panpan,Li Qingqian,Liu Jingjing,et al.Geochemistry of arsenic and selenium in a Ge-poor coal from the Wulantuga coal-hosted Ge ore deposit,Inner Mongolia,North China[J].International Journal of Coal Science&Technology,2014,1(4):383-389.
[26]Bai Xiangfei,Wang Yue,Li Wenhua.Mineralogy,distribution,occurrence and removability of trace elements during the coal preparation of No.6 coal from Heidaigou Mine[J].International Journal of Coal Science&Technology,2014,1(4):402-420.
[27]Finkelman R B.Modes of occurrence of potentially hazardous elements in Coal:Levels of confidence[J].Fuel Processing Technology,1994,39:21-34.
[28]Belkin H E,Zheng Baoshan,Zhou Daixing,et al.Preliminary results on the geochemistry and mineralogy of arsenic in mineralized coals from endemic arsenosis Area in Guizhou Province,P.R.China[A].Proceeding of 14th International Annual Pittsburgh Coal Conference&Workshop,1997[C].Taiyuan,1997:17-23.
[29]Zou Jianhua,Liu Dong,Tian Heming,et al.Anomaly and geochemistry of rare earth elements and yttrium in the late Permian coal from the Moxinpo Mine,Chongqing,southwestern China[J].International Journal of Coal Science&Technology,2014,1(1):23-30.
[30]Liu Jingjing,Jiang Yaofa,Xie Panpan,et al.Geochemistry of rare earth elements and yttrium in a Ge-poor coal from the Wulantuga ore deposit,Inner Mongolia,North China[J].International Journal of Coal Science&Technology,2014,1(4):390-394.
[31]Seredin V V,Dai S F.Coal deposits as potential alternative sources for lanthanides and yttrium[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2012,94:67-93.
[32]代世峰,任德贻,李生盛.煤及顶板中稀土元素赋存状态及逐级化学提取[J].中国矿业大学学报,2002,31(5):349-353.Dai Shifeng,Ren Deyi,Li Shengsheng.Occurrence and sequential chemical extraction of rare earth element in coals and seam roofs[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2002,31(5):349-353.
[2]聂爱国,谢宏.峨眉山玄武岩浆与贵州高砷煤成因研究[J].煤田地质与勘探,2004,32(1):8-10.Nie Aiguo,Xie Hong.A research on origin between Emei Mountain Basalt Magma and high-As coal in Guizhou[J].Coal Geology and Explotation,2004,32(1):8-10.
[3]赵峰华,任德贻,郑宝山,等.高砷煤中砷赋存状态的扩展X射线吸收精细结构谱研究[J].科学通报,1998,43(14):1549-1551.Zhao Fenghua,Ren Deyi,Zheng Baoshan,et al.The research of extending X-ray absorption fine structure spectrum in arsenic occurrence state of high-arsenic coal[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1998,43(14):1549-1551.
[4]丁振华,郑宝山,Finkelman R B,等.典型高砷煤样品的连续浸取实验研究[J].中国地质大学学报,2003,28(2):209-213.Ding Zhenghua,Zheng Baoshan,Finkelman R B,et al.Sequential leaching study of typical high-As coal samples from southwest Guizhou Province[J].Journal of China University of Geosciences,2003,28(2):209-213.
[5]丁振华,郑宝山,庄敏,等.贵州中北部燃煤型砷中毒地区煤中砷的赋存状态研究[J].矿物学报,2009,29(1):70-74.Ding Zhenhua,Zheng Baoshan,Zhuang Min,et al.Modes of occurrence of arsenic in high-As coals from northwestern Guizhou Province,China[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,2009,29(1):70-74.
[6]谢宏,聂爱国.黔西南高砷煤的元素地球化学特征[J].贵州地质,2006,23(2):109-113.Xie Hong,Nie Aiguo.Geochemistry of the elements in High-As coal in Southwestern Guizhou[J].Guizhou Geology,2006,23(2):109-113.
[7]谢宏,聂爱国.贵州西部地区煤中砷的赋存状态及其洗选特性[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(1):117-121.Xie Hong,Nie Aiguo.The modes of occurrence and washing floatation characteristic of Arsenic in coal from Western Guizhou[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(1):117-121.
[8]代世峰,任德贻,马施民.黔西地方流行病——氟中毒起因新解[J].地质评论,2005,51(1):42-45.Dai Shifeng,Ren Deyi,Ma Shimin.Endemic fluorosis in western Guizhou:New discovery[J].Geological Review,2005,51(1):42-45.
[9]代世峰,李薇薇,唐跃刚,等.贵州地方病氟中毒的氟源、致病途径与预防措施[J].地质论评,2006,52(5):650-655.Dai Shifeng,Li Weiwei,Tang Yuegang,et al.The source,pathway,and preventive measures of endemic fluorosis in Guizhou[J].Geological Review,2006,52(5):650-655.
[10]焦建伟.贵州西部煤层中若干有害微量元素的分布及迁移富集规律[J].华北地质矿产杂志,1998,13(3):236-242.Jiao Jianwei.The migration and concentration regularity of harmful trace elements in Permian coal seams of west Guizhou,China[J].Jour.Geol.&Min.Res.North China,1998,13(3):236-242.
[11]Feng X,Hong Y,Hong B,et al.Mobility of some potentially toxic trace elements in the coal of Guizhou,China[J].Environmental Geology,2000(6):372-377.
[12]王强,杨瑞东,鲍淼,等.毕节煤矿区晚二叠世煤层稀土元素的物质来源[J].贵州地质,2006,23(4):292-295.Wang Qiang,Yang Ruidong,Bao Miao,et al.Substance sources of rare earth elements in Late Permian coal seams on coal mines in Bijie[J].Guizhou Geology,2006,23(4):292-295.
[13]王强,杨瑞东.毕节地区晚二叠世煤层稀土元素的示踪研究[J].中国稀土学报,2008,26(1):102-107.Wang Qiang,Yang Ruidong.Tracing study on REEs of coal measure in Late Permian in Bijie City,Guizhou Province,China[J].Journal of the Chinese Rare Earth Society,2008,26(1):102-107.
[14]邵龙义,王娟,侯海海,等.云南宣威晚二叠世末生物灭绝期C1煤的地球化学特征[J].地质学报,2015,89(1):163-179.Shao Longyi,Wang Juan,Hou Haihai,et al.Geochemistry of the C1coal of latest Permian during mass extinction in Xuanwei,Yunnan[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2015,89(1):163-179.
[15]赵福平.贵州省晚二叠世煤中硫的分布特征及成因[J].煤炭转化,2007,30(3):16-20.Zhao Fuping.Cause and distribution of sulphurous content of the Late Permian coal in Guizhou Province[J].Coal Conversion,2007,30(3):16-20.
[16]Dai Shifeng,Ren Deyi,Chou C L,et al.Geochemistry of trace elements in Chinese coals:A review of abundances,genetic types,impacts on human health,and industrial utilization[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2012,94(1):3-21.
[17]Taylor S R,Mc Lennan S M.The continental crust:Its composition and evolution[M].Oxford:Blackwell,1985.
[18]杨永宽,邹韧,史仲武,等.中国煤岩学图鉴[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1996:38-40.
[19]Ketris M P,Yudovich Y E.Estimations of clarkes for carbonaceous biolithes:World averages for trace element contents in black shales and coals[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2009,78:135-148.
[20]唐修义,黄文辉.中国煤中微量元素[M].北京:商务印书馆,2004:1-139.
[21]任德贻,赵峰华,代世峰,等.煤的微量元素地球化学[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
[22]Filippidis,Geograkoulos A,Kassoli-Fournarak.Trace element contents in composited samples of three lignite seams from the central part of the Drama lignite deposit,Macedonia,Greece[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,1996,29(4):219-234.
[23]Ren Deyi,Zhao Fenghua,Wang Yunquan,et al.Distributions of minor and trace elements in Chinese coals[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,1999,40:109-118.
[24]Dai Shifeng,Seredin V V,Ward C R,et al.Enrichment of USe-Mo-Re-V in coals preserved within marine carbonate successions:Geochemical and mineralogical data from the Late Permian Guiding Coalfield,Guizhou,China[J].Mineralium Deposita,2014,50(2):159-186.
[25]Xie Panpan,Li Qingqian,Liu Jingjing,et al.Geochemistry of arsenic and selenium in a Ge-poor coal from the Wulantuga coal-hosted Ge ore deposit,Inner Mongolia,North China[J].International Journal of Coal Science&Technology,2014,1(4):383-389.
[26]Bai Xiangfei,Wang Yue,Li Wenhua.Mineralogy,distribution,occurrence and removability of trace elements during the coal preparation of No.6 coal from Heidaigou Mine[J].International Journal of Coal Science&Technology,2014,1(4):402-420.
[27]Finkelman R B.Modes of occurrence of potentially hazardous elements in Coal:Levels of confidence[J].Fuel Processing Technology,1994,39:21-34.
[28]Belkin H E,Zheng Baoshan,Zhou Daixing,et al.Preliminary results on the geochemistry and mineralogy of arsenic in mineralized coals from endemic arsenosis Area in Guizhou Province,P.R.China[A].Proceeding of 14th International Annual Pittsburgh Coal Conference&Workshop,1997[C].Taiyuan,1997:17-23.
[29]Zou Jianhua,Liu Dong,Tian Heming,et al.Anomaly and geochemistry of rare earth elements and yttrium in the late Permian coal from the Moxinpo Mine,Chongqing,southwestern China[J].International Journal of Coal Science&Technology,2014,1(1):23-30.
[30]Liu Jingjing,Jiang Yaofa,Xie Panpan,et al.Geochemistry of rare earth elements and yttrium in a Ge-poor coal from the Wulantuga ore deposit,Inner Mongolia,North China[J].International Journal of Coal Science&Technology,2014,1(4):390-394.
[31]Seredin V V,Dai S F.Coal deposits as potential alternative sources for lanthanides and yttrium[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2012,94:67-93.
[32]代世峰,任德贻,李生盛.煤及顶板中稀土元素赋存状态及逐级化学提取[J].中国矿业大学学报,2002,31(5):349-353.Dai Shifeng,Ren Deyi,Li Shengsheng.Occurrence and sequential chemical extraction of rare earth element in coals and seam roofs[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2002,31(5):349-353.