王家岭煤矿高位定向长钻孔抽采顶板卸压瓦斯技术
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摘要
王家岭煤矿是典型的低瓦斯煤层高强度开采引起的高瓦斯矿井,由于煤层瓦斯含量不高且透气性差,所以瓦斯抽采顶板难度大。为了得到适合于王家岭煤矿的高位定向水平钻孔抽采卸压瓦斯工艺参数,现场跟踪考察了12318综放工作面高位定向钻孔的瓦斯抽采体积分数、纯流量等工艺参数,分析了布孔垂直层距、水平错距等关键参数与抽采效果的关联特性。依据实测的顶板岩层力学参数及经验公式,计算得到顶板冒落带高度,为19.11~24.10 m;裂隙带高度,为57.06~74.86 m。分析抽采效果认为:同一钻场中的钻孔抽采瓦斯纯流量随着钻孔垂直层距的增大而增大,钻孔抽采瓦斯纯量随水平错距的减小而增大,垂直层距最大的2个钻孔瓦斯抽采纯量占钻场抽采总量的70%以上。钻场钻孔垂直层距在25~41 m时,对工作面上隅角瓦斯防治效果明显优于垂直层距20 m的钻场。
Wangjialing coal mine is a typically high gas coal mine caused by high strength mining in low gas coal seam,and it is difficult to drain gas from the coal seam due to the poor gas content and permeability of coal seam. In order to study the technical parameters of highly oriented level boreholes suitable for pressure-relief gas drainage in Wangjialing mine,the gas drainage process parameters such as gas concentration,pure gas flow rate and so on were investigated in fully mechanized top coal caving face 12318,and the relationship between key parameters such as level location on vertical,horizon offset distance from return airway and drainage effect were analyzed. Based on coal seam roof mechanical parameters,the heights of roof caved zone and fractured zone were calculated by empirical formula,whose ranges were 19. 11 ~ 24. 10 m and 57. 06 ~ 74. 86 m respectively. The analysis of drainage effect showed that drainage pure gas flow value of the borehole increased with the increase of drilling horizon in the same drill site,while the value increased with the decreasing of the horizon offset distance from return airway; the drainage pure gas flow value from the highest tow borehole was more than 70% of the total of the drill site. When boreholes vertical height range was 25 ~ 41 m,gas drainage effect for reduce gas concentration of top corner was significantly better than those boreholes of horizon height less than 20 m.
Wangjialing coal mine is a typically high gas coal mine caused by high strength mining in low gas coal seam,and it is difficult to drain gas from the coal seam due to the poor gas content and permeability of coal seam. In order to study the technical parameters of highly oriented level boreholes suitable for pressure-relief gas drainage in Wangjialing mine,the gas drainage process parameters such as gas concentration,pure gas flow rate and so on were investigated in fully mechanized top coal caving face 12318,and the relationship between key parameters such as level location on vertical,horizon offset distance from return airway and drainage effect were analyzed. Based on coal seam roof mechanical parameters,the heights of roof caved zone and fractured zone were calculated by empirical formula,whose ranges were 19. 11 ~ 24. 10 m and 57. 06 ~ 74. 86 m respectively. The analysis of drainage effect showed that drainage pure gas flow value of the borehole increased with the increase of drilling horizon in the same drill site,while the value increased with the decreasing of the horizon offset distance from return airway; the drainage pure gas flow value from the highest tow borehole was more than 70% of the total of the drill site. When boreholes vertical height range was 25 ~ 41 m,gas drainage effect for reduce gas concentration of top corner was significantly better than those boreholes of horizon height less than 20 m.
引文
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[15]芦倩.煤层顶板采动裂隙与瓦斯分布关系研究[J].煤矿安全,2009,35(12):89-91.LU Q.A research on the relation between mining caused coal seam roof fissures and mine gas distribution[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2009,35(12):89-91.
[16][S.l.].王家岭矿厚煤层综放开采覆岩活动规律研究与应用[R].徐州:中国矿业大学,2014.[S.l.].Study and application of overlying rock activity in Fully-mechanized caving mining of thick coal seam in Wangjialing mine[R].Xuzhou:China University of Mining&Technology,2014.
[17][S.l.].建筑物、水体、铁路及主要井巷煤柱留设与压煤开采规范[EB/OL].(2017.07.03),http://www.chinasafety.gov.cn/fgzc/gfxwj/2017/201707/t20170703_156169.shtml.[S.l.].Specification for coal pillar design for main shafts and roadways and coal mining under buildings,water bodies and railways[EB/OL].(2017.07.03),http://www.chinasafety.gov.cn/fgzc/gfxwj/2017/201707/t20170703_156169.shtml
[2]潘丰茂.高位定向水平长钻孔抽采邻近层瓦斯技术研究[D].焦作:河南理工大学,2016.PAN F M.Study on gas drainage in the adjacent layer of directional high-level and long borehole[D].Jiaozuo:Henan Polytechnic University,2016.
[3]王兆丰,陈滔,潘丰茂,等.极近距离上邻近层瓦斯抽采试验研究[J].河南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2017,36(1):12-16+23.WANG Z F,CHEN T,PAN F M,et al.Experimental research of gas drainage in extremely short-distance overlying adjacent seam[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science),2017,36(1):12-16+23.
[4]赵建国.煤层顶板高位定向钻孔施工技术与发展趋势[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(6):137-141+195.ZHAO J G.Construction technology and development tendency of high level directional drilling in seam roof[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(6):137-141+195.
[5]李凤龙,杨宏民,陈立伟.大直径高位钻孔治理综放工作面初采期瓦斯涌出[J].中国煤炭,2015,41(4):114-117.LI F L,YANG H M,CHEN L W.Gas emission at fully mechanized working face during initial gas drainage by large-diameter high-level borehole[J].China Coal,2015,41(4):114-117.
[6]李广义,许彦鹏.采空区顶板超长定向高位钻孔瓦斯抽采技术研究[J].煤炭工程,2017,49(8):88-91.LI G Y,XU Y P.Gas drainage technology with superlong high directional drilling in goaf roof[J].Coal Engineering,2017,49(8):88-91.
[7]魏宏超,杨慧琳,王洪涛,等.大直径顶板定向钻孔在亭南煤矿上隅角瓦斯治理中的应用[J].煤炭工程,2017,49(6):64-67.WEI H C,YANG H L,WANG H T,et al.Application of large diameter directional roof drilling in upper corner gas control[J].Coal Engineering,2017,49(6):64-67.
[8]闫志铭,张翔,王亮,等.煤层渗透率各向异性对本煤层瓦斯预抽影响规律的研究[J].矿业安全与环保,2017,44(5):45-48.YAN Z M,ZHANG X,WANG L,et al.Study on influence law of coal permeability anisotropy on gas predrainage in mining seam[J].Mining Safety&Environmental Protection,2017,44(5):45-48.
[9]冀超辉.厚煤层分层开采工作面瓦斯流场分布规律研究[J].河南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2015,34(4):455-458+482.JI C H.Study on gas distribution regularity for thick coal seam layering mining working face[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science),2015,34(4):455-458+482.
[10]高建良,刘明信,徐文.高抽巷抽采对采空区漏风规律的影响研究[J].河南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2015,34(2):141-145.GAO J L,LIU M X,XU W.Influence study on high-position extraction tunnel on air-leakage law in goaf[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science),2015,34(2):141-145.
[11]韩佩博.三维采动应力条件下煤层覆岩及底板裂隙场演化规律与瓦斯运移特征研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2015.HAN P B.Fracture Evolution law and gas migration characteristic of overburden and underlying strata in three dimensional mining-induced stress conditions[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2015.
[12]撒占友,何学秋,王恩元,等.戊-21191综采工作面采空区及下隅角瓦斯分布规律研究[J].煤矿安全,2001(10):27-30.SA Z Y,HE X Q,WANG E Y,et al.Study on methane distribution law of goaf and down corner angle in Wu-21191 fully-mechanized coal face[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2001(10):27-30.
[13]李树刚,张伟,邹银先,等.综放采空区瓦斯渗流规律数值模拟研究[J].矿业安全与环保,2008,35(2):1-3+7+91.LI S G,ZHANG W,ZHOU Y X,et al.Study on numerical simulation of gas seepage regularity in gob of fully mechanized caving face[J].Mining Safety&Environmental Protection,2008,35(2):1-3+7+91.
[14]郝天轩,张海波,邵阳.非等值冒落采空区“三带”考察及其模拟验证[J].中国安全科学学报,2010,20(10):37-40.HAO T X,ZHANG H B,SHAO Y.Investigation on“Three Zones”in non-equivalent caving goaf and its simulation verification[J].China Safety Science Journal,2010,20(10):37-40.
[15]芦倩.煤层顶板采动裂隙与瓦斯分布关系研究[J].煤矿安全,2009,35(12):89-91.LU Q.A research on the relation between mining caused coal seam roof fissures and mine gas distribution[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2009,35(12):89-91.
[16][S.l.].王家岭矿厚煤层综放开采覆岩活动规律研究与应用[R].徐州:中国矿业大学,2014.[S.l.].Study and application of overlying rock activity in Fully-mechanized caving mining of thick coal seam in Wangjialing mine[R].Xuzhou:China University of Mining&Technology,2014.
[17][S.l.].建筑物、水体、铁路及主要井巷煤柱留设与压煤开采规范[EB/OL].(2017.07.03),http://www.chinasafety.gov.cn/fgzc/gfxwj/2017/201707/t20170703_156169.shtml.[S.l.].Specification for coal pillar design for main shafts and roadways and coal mining under buildings,water bodies and railways[EB/OL].(2017.07.03),http://www.chinasafety.gov.cn/fgzc/gfxwj/2017/201707/t20170703_156169.shtml