烟秆拔秆破碎机机架轻量化设计与动静态特性分析
|
摘要
研制了一种具有烟秆拔秆、输送和破碎抛送等功能的一体式烟秆拔秆破碎机,其机架是影响整机质量和功率消耗的关键部件之一。为减轻机架质量并分析其振动特性,以机架为研究对象,建立机架有限元模型,进行静应力分析及模态分析。在有限元分析基础上,采用拓扑优化和多目标优化的两级优化方案对机架进行轻量化设计,根据优化结果进行机架结构改进、样机加工和开展相应的振动特性验证试验。结果表明:优化后机架最大应力下降34. 22%,质量下降13. 09%;同时,优化后机架功率谱振幅峰值基频为11. 719 Hz,烟秆拔秆破碎机各部件工作时转速的激振频率均低于16. 33 Hz,远低于机架的一阶固有频率27. 591 Hz,机架不会发生共振,轻量化设计后的机架结构具有良好的可靠性。
A kind of integrated tobacco stalk pulling and shredding machine which can realize tobacco stalk pulling,grabbing,transporting,shredding,throwing and other operating functions had been designed,the frame is one of the key components affecting the quality and power consumption of the whole machine. Aiming at solving the overweight and analyzing its vibration characteristics,with machine frame as the research object,established a finite element model for finite element model analysis and static analysis on the frame. On the basis of finite element analysis,topological optimization method and multi-objective optimization method were used for frame lightweight design,according to the optimized results,the frame structure was improved,the prototype was processed and the corresponding vibration characteristic verification test was carried out. Results show that the frame are improved with a maximum stress decrease of 34. 22 % and a mass decrease of 13. 09 %. Meanwhile,the power spectrum peak amplitude basic frequency of optimized frame is 11. 719 Hz. The revolving speed excitation frequency of each component of tobacco stalk pulling and shredding machine during operation is lower than 16. 33 Hz,which is far lower than 27. 591 Hz,the first order natural frequency of frame which means that no resonance will occur to the frame structure after lightweight design has strong reliability.
A kind of integrated tobacco stalk pulling and shredding machine which can realize tobacco stalk pulling,grabbing,transporting,shredding,throwing and other operating functions had been designed,the frame is one of the key components affecting the quality and power consumption of the whole machine. Aiming at solving the overweight and analyzing its vibration characteristics,with machine frame as the research object,established a finite element model for finite element model analysis and static analysis on the frame. On the basis of finite element analysis,topological optimization method and multi-objective optimization method were used for frame lightweight design,according to the optimized results,the frame structure was improved,the prototype was processed and the corresponding vibration characteristic verification test was carried out. Results show that the frame are improved with a maximum stress decrease of 34. 22 % and a mass decrease of 13. 09 %. Meanwhile,the power spectrum peak amplitude basic frequency of optimized frame is 11. 719 Hz. The revolving speed excitation frequency of each component of tobacco stalk pulling and shredding machine during operation is lower than 16. 33 Hz,which is far lower than 27. 591 Hz,the first order natural frequency of frame which means that no resonance will occur to the frame structure after lightweight design has strong reliability.
引文
[1]周方思,李立君,欧阳益斌.基于ANSYS的除草机车架轻量化研究[J].林业工程学报,2017,2(6):103-109.
[2]张娜娜,赵匀,刘宏新.高速水稻插秧机车架的轻量化设计[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(3):55-59.
[3]任伊宾,赵浩川,杨柯.高氮无镍不锈钢接骨板的轻量化设计及生物力学研究:厚度减薄的影响[J].金属学报,2017,53(10):1331-1336.
[4]韩红阳,陈树人,邵景世,等.机动式喷杆喷雾机机架的轻量化设计[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(3):47-53,293.
[5]袁守利,许烁.基于灵敏度分析和评价方法的喷雾机机架轻量化设计[J].机械设计与研究,2017,33(2):108-112.
[6]梁举科,秦飞龙,刘妤,等.山地多功能履带式装载机执行机构底座轻量化设计[J].机械设计,2017,34(3):70-76
[7]吴伟斌,廖劲威,洪添胜,等.山地果园轮式运输机车架结构分析与优化[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(11):39-47.
[8]谢军海,张雪坤,张锋伟,等.基于Ansys Workbench的脱粒滚筒模态分析及轴的拓扑优化[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2016,51(6):134-138.
[9]延柱,陈文良.振动力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[10]陈远帆,李舜酩,苏玉青.拓扑优化与尺寸优化相结合的割草车车架轻量化设计[J].重庆理工大学学报(自然科学),2017,31(1):28-35.
[11]龙凯,左正兴.基于拓扑优化和形状优化方法的主轴承盖结构设计[J].农业机械学报,2008(4):152-156.
[12]朱剑峰,林逸,陈潇凯,等.汽车变速箱壳体结构拓扑优化设计[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2013,43(3):584-589.
[13]郑松林,黄崇文,冯金芝,等.基于高耐久寿命的减速器壳体轻量化实现方法[J].机械强度,2018,40(1):95-99.
[14]蔡芸,彭亮,刘学,等.波轮式洗衣机脱水桶的结构分析与多目标优化设计[J].机械强度,2018,40(1):227-232.
[15]孙光永,李光耀,钟志华,等.基于序列响应面法的汽车结构耐撞性多目标粒子群优化设计[J].机械工程学报,2009,45(2):224-230.
[2]张娜娜,赵匀,刘宏新.高速水稻插秧机车架的轻量化设计[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(3):55-59.
[3]任伊宾,赵浩川,杨柯.高氮无镍不锈钢接骨板的轻量化设计及生物力学研究:厚度减薄的影响[J].金属学报,2017,53(10):1331-1336.
[4]韩红阳,陈树人,邵景世,等.机动式喷杆喷雾机机架的轻量化设计[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(3):47-53,293.
[5]袁守利,许烁.基于灵敏度分析和评价方法的喷雾机机架轻量化设计[J].机械设计与研究,2017,33(2):108-112.
[6]梁举科,秦飞龙,刘妤,等.山地多功能履带式装载机执行机构底座轻量化设计[J].机械设计,2017,34(3):70-76
[7]吴伟斌,廖劲威,洪添胜,等.山地果园轮式运输机车架结构分析与优化[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(11):39-47.
[8]谢军海,张雪坤,张锋伟,等.基于Ansys Workbench的脱粒滚筒模态分析及轴的拓扑优化[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2016,51(6):134-138.
[9]延柱,陈文良.振动力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[10]陈远帆,李舜酩,苏玉青.拓扑优化与尺寸优化相结合的割草车车架轻量化设计[J].重庆理工大学学报(自然科学),2017,31(1):28-35.
[11]龙凯,左正兴.基于拓扑优化和形状优化方法的主轴承盖结构设计[J].农业机械学报,2008(4):152-156.
[12]朱剑峰,林逸,陈潇凯,等.汽车变速箱壳体结构拓扑优化设计[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2013,43(3):584-589.
[13]郑松林,黄崇文,冯金芝,等.基于高耐久寿命的减速器壳体轻量化实现方法[J].机械强度,2018,40(1):95-99.
[14]蔡芸,彭亮,刘学,等.波轮式洗衣机脱水桶的结构分析与多目标优化设计[J].机械强度,2018,40(1):227-232.
[15]孙光永,李光耀,钟志华,等.基于序列响应面法的汽车结构耐撞性多目标粒子群优化设计[J].机械工程学报,2009,45(2):224-230.